Roll No: Time:

Date : MM :30

Indicate the number of σ and π bonds in the molecule CH2==C==CH2. 1

1

ANS:

2 The H—S—H bond angle in H2S is 92.2° whereas the H—O—H bond angle in H2O is 104.5°, why? 1

ANS: In H2S, there is less polarity as compared to H2O because sulphur is bigger in size and less electronegative, therefore,
bond pair–bond pair electrons repulsion is less in H2S than in H2O hence bond angle is less.

3 Why does He2 not exist? 1

ANS: He2 does not exist because repulsive forces dominate attractive forces and bond order is zero for He2.

4 Write electron dot structures of CO and AlCl3. 1

ANS:

5 CO2 and SO2 both are triatomic molecules but there is a big difference in their dipole moment, why? 1

ANS: is linear and bond moments are equal and opposite, therefore, net dipole moment is zero.

SO2 is bent molecule, it has net dipole moment.

6 Why is o-nitrophenol steam volatile whereas p-nitrophenol is not? 1

ANS: o-Nitrophenol has weak intra-molecular H-bonding whereas in p-nitrophenol, there is comparatively stronger
intermolecular H-bonding.

7 Which out of NH3 and NF3 has higher dipole moment and why? 1

ANS: In NH3 bond moments are towards lone pair whereas in NF3 bond moments are opposite to lone pair of electrons.

8 Write resonating structures of O3. 1

ANS: Resonating Structures of Ozone :

9 Out of O2 and N2 molecules, which has greater bond dissociation enthalpy and why? 1

ANS: N2 has higher bond dissociation energy than O2 due to presence of triple bond in N2 whereas O2 has double
bond.

10 What is hybrid state of central atom in the following?

1
NO3–, BF4–, PF5 , IF5 and CO2

ANS: N in NO–3 is sp2 hybridised, B in BF4– is sp3 hybridised, P in PF5 is sp3d hybridised, I in IF5 is sp3d 2
hybridised, C in CO2 is sp hybridised.

11 Which of the following Lewis structure of CO2 molecule is least significant resonating form?
1

ANS: (c) is least contributing towards resonance hybrid because negative charge is at less electronegative carbon, positive
charge is on oxygen which is more electronegative.

12 The two O—O bond distances in ozone molecule are equal. Justify. 1

ANS: It is due to resonance.

13 How many types of bonds are present in NH4Cl? 1

ANS: Ionic, co-ordinate and covalent bonds are present in NH4Cl.

14 Give reasons for the following:
1
H2+ and H2– ions have same bond order but H2+ ions are more stable than H2–.

ANS: It is because electron present in anti-bonding orbital in H–2 destabilize the molecular ion slightly more than
bonding electron stabilizes.

15 In the following ionisation processes, how will the bond orders in N2 and O2 be influenced?
1

ANS: (i) N2+ has less bond order than N2, i.e. bond order decreases in ionisation process of N2.
(ii) O2+ has higher bond order than O2, i.e. bond order increases in ionisation process in O2.

16 Give correct reason for the following:

(i) BF3 has a zero dipole moment although the B—F bonds are polar. 2
(ii) All carbon to oxygen bonds in CO32– are equivalent.

ANS: (i) It is due to planar structure, individual dipoles get cancelled.

(ii) It is due to resonance.

17 Account for the following :

(i) BF3 molecule has a zero dipole moment although B—F bonds are polar. 2
(ii) The structure of NH3 molecule is pyramidal.

ANS: (i) Although B—F bonds are polar but net dipole moment of BF3 molecule is zero because of the symmetry of the
molecule, individual dipole moments cancel out as shown below.

(ii) NH3 is pyramidal due to the presence of lone pair of electrons on nitrogen.
18 (i) Describe the hybridisation in case of PCl5.
2
(ii) Deduce the shape of SF4 molecule on the basis of VSEPR theory.

ANS:
(ii) In SF4, there are four bonded pair of electrons and one lone pair of electrons. It has sea-saw shape so as to have minimum
repulsion. It has see-saw shape.

19 Which hybrid orbitals are used by underlined carbon in the following molecules?
2
ANS:

20 Draw molecular orbital energy level diagram for N2+. Calculate its bond order and explain its magnetic characteristics. 2

ANS:
21 (i) What is meant by H-bond? Explain giving example.
(ii) Why is o-nitrophenol steam volatile whereas p-nitrophenol is not steam volatile?
(iii) (a) Arrange the following in decreasing order of their bond angle:
H2O, NH3, H2S
5
(b) Sketch the bond moments and resultant dipole moment of the following molecule:
H2O, NH3, NF3 and PCl3
(c) Draw shape of the following molecules on the basis of VSEPR theory; XeF4 and SF4.
(At. No. of Xe = 54, At. No. of S = 16)

ANS: (i) H-bond is the force of attraction between hydrogen and electronegative atoms like F, N, O, e.g., HF is liquid
because HF molecules are associated with intermolecular H-bonding.
(ii) o-Nitrophenol has intramolecular H-bonding whereas p-nitrophenol has intermolecular H-bonding.
o-Nitrophenol is steam volatile due to weaker intramolecular H-bonding. p-Nitrophenol is not steam volatile due to
stronger intermolecular H-bonding.