A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

Operations on Integers

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

a. Distinguish the rules on different operation of integers.
b. Construct a mathematical equation using the four (4) operations of integers.
c. Recognize the importance of using integers in real life.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Operation on Integers

References: Villano M., Mupas L., Degolacion R., Chua S. (2012), 21st Century
Mathematics: A Vision for a Better Future 7, page 88-100, Phoenix
Publishing House Pascasio, Ponsones, Ocampo, Tresva (2013), Math Ideas
and Life Applications 7, page 46-59, Quezon City, Metro Manila
Materials: Chalk, black board, white board marker, white board.
Values Integration: To develop the critical thinking, collaboration, determination and
patience of the students.

III. PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Initiatory Phase

1. Opening Prayer

Class, kindly stand for the opening

prayer.
(The students will all stand)
May I call on Mr. _________ to lead the
prayer?
Oh, God our father we praise and adore
you for everything in this world.
Forgive us for the sins that we have
done. We give you thanks Oh God
almighty for all the blessings you have
given us most especially for the
blessing of life. Thank you for guiding
us all through out our life. Oh God, we
ask for your guidance in everything we
are going to do. Give us hope and
strength to overcome every struggle we
will face. Give us the knowledge we
need for our discussion today. We pray
this in Jesus name, Amen.

2. Greetings

Good Morning Class and Peace be with

you Good Afternoon sir and Peace be with
you.
Before you take your sit kindly pick up
the pieces of paper or candy wrapper
under your chair and if none you may
take your sit.

3. Checking of Attendance

Monitor, is there any absent for today?

None sir.
Very good, maintain that perfect
Attendance.

4. Drills/Energizer

Before we start our day, let us have first a

math trick. Do you want a math trick??
Yes sir.
Are you ready?
Yes sir.
So get any piece of paper and ball pen.
Write your month number from you
birthday. For example, if your birthday is
June then your month number is 6.

Then, multiply by 5.

Next, add 6.

Multiply the total by 4.

Add 9.

Multiply by 5 once again.

Then, add your birth date. If you were

born on the 14th, then add 14.

And last, subtract 165. You will surprise

cause you will have the month and day
you were born.

Are you done on computing?

What have you notice in the trick? Yes sir.

I have notice that in mathematics you

just have to follow the instruction for
Exactly. you to get the correct answer.
I hope it energized you all.

5. Review

It seems that you are all alive now. So,

before we proceed to our next topic, let
us have a short review of what we have
discussed last meeting.

So, who among you still remember our

last topic?
Yes, Ms. ___________
Our last topic is about introduction of
integers.

Exactly.
What do you mean by integer?
Yes Ms. ___________
Integers are a set of positive
and negative number.
Very good.
How will you define the absolute value of
a number?
Yes Mr.___________
The absolute value of a number is its
distance from zero to the number line.
Okay Thank you.
It feels great that you still remember our
last topic.
Now, let us start our discussion.
Today we are going to discuss the four
operations on Integers. What are the four
operations on integers? The four operations on integers are
Yes, Mr. _________? addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division.

Very good!
In this lesson you will learn how to
perform addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division of integers.
Now, let us first discuss the addition of
integers. There are rules in adding
integers.
(The teacher will post the rules)

To add integers having the like signs:

a. Find their absolute value;

b. Add the numbers obtained in step a;
and
c. Attach the common sign of the integers
Ms. _____________ kindly read the first to the answer in step b.
rule.

Thank you!
Here is the first example,
-6 + (-3)=?
Who wants to solve this equation?
Yes Ms.____________?
-6 + (-3)
|-6| + |-3|
6+3
9
= -9
How did you get your answer?
As stated in the rule no.1, first we find
the absolute value of both number
which is 3 and 6 respectively. Next we
add their absolute value and the sum is
9. Then we attach the negative sign at
the sum since it is the common sign.

Precisely!
Here is another example,

-7 + (-4)=?
Who wants to solve this?
Yes Ms.____________? -7 + (-4)
|-7| + |-4|
7+4
11
= -11

How did you come up with that answer? To add -7 and -4, we apply the rule
no.1 step a up to step c because we
are adding two integers with like
signs (both negative). Find their
absolute value and add the result. We
get 7 + 4= 11. Then we attach the
negative sign to
Exactly! 11. Therefore, -7 + (-4)= -10
Now, let us proceed to the rule no.2
Ms.__________ kindly read.

2. To add integers having unlike signs:

a.Find their absolute values;
b.From the obtained number in step a,
subtract the smaller number from
the bigger number; and
c.Attach the sign of the integer with
the bigger absolute value to the
answer in step b.

Thank you!
Here is an example,

-125 + 117=?
Who wants to solve this example?
Yes Ms.____________? 125 + 117
|-125| - |117|
125 – 117
Explain your work please. 8
= -8

As stated in the rule, we find their

absolute values and subtract the
smaller number from the bigger
number. We get 125 – 117= 8, then we
attached the negative sign since it is
the sign of the bigger number.

Very good!
Here is another example,

4 + (-10) =?

Mr._____________ kindly solve this equation. 4 + (-10)

|4| - |-10|
4 – 10
= -6

How did you get your answer To add 4 and -10, since they have an
unlike sign, first, get their absolute
value which is 4 and 10, then subtract
the smaller number to the bigger
number in which we get 6 and we attach
the negative sign that is the sign of the
bigger number.

Precisely!
Now, it seems that you already
understand the addition, let us proceed to
the next operation which is Subtraction.

Mr. _____________ kindly read the rule

in subtraction.

Thank you!
Here is an example,

-15 – 19=?
Who wants to solve this problem? -15 – 19
-15 + (-19)
= 34

Prove your answer. As said in the rule, subtracting number

from another is the same as adding the
opposite number of it to the other, we
just find the opposite number of the
subtrahend and we get -19 and we add
it to -15, the answer is -34 since they
are both negative.

Very good!
Here is another example,

-21 – (-14)=?
-21 – (-14)
|21| - |14|
Ms. ___________ please solve this 21 – 14
equation. 7
= -7

Subtracting -14 from -21 is the same as

adding 14 to -21. Hence, we change
How did you come up with that answer? subtraction to addition then we change
-14 to 14. So, -21 – 14 is -7.

Because, as we can see in the given

Why it is become negative? their sign is negative so we just copy it.

Precisely!
Since you understand well the subtraction
of integers, let us now proceed to the
third operation which is the
multiplication. You may have noticed
that using repeated addition to find the
product of two integers is quite tedious.
Fortunately the process of multiplying
integers can be simplified using the
following steps;
1. To multiply integers with unlike
signs, multiply their absolute values.
Attach the negative sign to the result.

Ms. _________ please read the first rule.

-5 x 3
Thank you! |5| x |3|
Let us have an example, 15
=-15

-5 x 3=? -5 multiply by 3, first find their

absolute values and we get 5 and 3
respectively. Find their product, 15 and
attach a negative sign since the have
Ms. ___________ can you please solve unlike signs.
the example?

4 x (-3)
Explain your answer. |4| x |-3|
4x3
12
= -12
Exactly!
Here is another example, To solve 4 x (-3), notice that the
integers have unlike signs. The product
is obtained by multiplying the absolute
4 x (-3)=? value of 4 (|4|=4) by that of -3 (|-3|=3).
Solve the equation. This gives you 4 x 3=12 Attach
negative sign to 12; you will get -12.
Thus, 4 x (-3)=-12

How did you get your answer?

2. To multiply two integers with like
signs, find the product of their absolute
values. The result is always positive.

Precisely!
Now, let us proceed to the next rule,
kindly read ____________.

-23 x (-4)
|-23| x |-4|
Thank you! 23 x 4
Here is an example, = 92

To solve -23 x (-4), notice that the

-23 x (-4) =? integers have like signs. The product
is obtained by multiplying the
absolute value of -23 (|-23|=23) by
Ms.____________ please solve this
that of -4 (|4|=4). The product is 92.
problem.
Since they have the same sign, then
the product is positive.

How did you come up with your answer?

4x7
Very good!
= 28
Here is another example,
To solve for the product of 4 and 7, we
4 x 7=? multiply the absolute value of 4 (|4|+4)
by that of 7 (|7|=7). The answer is 28.
Since the given is both positive the
answer is also positive.
Please solve this Ms.__________.

Explain your answer.

Precisely!
Now for the last operation, let us proceed
to division.
1. To divide two integers with like
signs, find the quotient of their absolute
values. The result is always positive.

45 ÷ 5
=9

Ms. _____________ please read the first To solve 45 ÷ 5, observe that the
rule. divisor and the dividend have like
signs. Dividing the absolute value of 45
(|45|=45) by that of 5 (|5|=5) gives you
9. Thus, 45 ÷ 5= 9.
Thank you!
Here is an example,

45 ÷ 5=?
Ms. ________ please solves the equation.

-28 ÷ (-7)
|-28| ÷ |-7|
How did you get your answer? 28 ÷ 7
=4

To solve -28 ÷ (-7), as we can see they

have the same signs. Get the absolute
value of -28 (|-28|=28) divided by that
of -7 (|-7|=7) will give you 4. Thus, -28
Precisely! ÷ (-7) =4
Another example,

-28 ÷ (-7)=?

Ms. ________ please solves this one. 2. To divide two integers with unlike
signs, find the quotient of their absolute
values. Attach the negative sign to the
result.

kindly explain to us how this happen.

18 ÷ (-3)
|18| ÷ |-3|
Very good! Now let us proceed to the
second rule in dividing integers. 18 ÷ 3
6
= -6
Can you please read Ms.__________?

To solve 18 ÷ (-3), observe that the

divisor and the dividend have unlike
Thank you! signs. Dividing the absolute value of
Here is an example, 18 (|18|=18) by that of -3 (|-3|=3)
gives you 6. Attach a negative sign to
6.
18 ÷ (-3)=? Thus, 18 ÷ (-3)= -6

Ms. ________ please solves this one.

kindly explain to us how this happen.

30 ÷ (-6)
|30| ÷ |-6|
30 ÷ 6
5
= -5

To find the quotient of 30 ÷ (-6), we

Thank you! divide the absolute value of 30
Here is an example, (|30|=30) by that of -6 (|-6|=6) and we
get 5. We just attach the negative sign
since they have unlike signs

30÷ (-6)=?
Ms. ________ please solves this one. None sir.

(The student will stand)

How does it happen?
What are the four operations on
integers?

The four operations on integers are

addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division.
Very good!
Now, do you have any question regarding
the four operations of integer?
In adding integers, what will be the sign
of the sum if you add -14 and -8? Why?

If we add -14 and -8, the sign of the

sum will be negative because as stated
in the rule, when adding integers with
like signs just copy the sign.

When you are multiplying two negative

integers what will be the sign of the
product?

The sign of the product of two negative

integers will be positive, because they
have the like signs and in multiplying
integers with like signs, the product is
always positive.

In dividing integers, when is the

quotient become negative?

In dividing integers, the quotient

become negative when we are dividing
two integers with unlike signs.

What do you think is the most

important operations of integers?

For me the most important operation of

integers is the addition of integers
because it is the commonly use in our
daily life.

Why is an integer important to our life?

For me, integers are important in our

daily life because it was being used by
many people everywhere and every
time.
Give a specific scenario in which
integers are being used. Expand your
answer.

For example, when you are shopping

your clothes, the price of the clothes is
an integer; the quantity of the clothes
you had bought is also an integer.

IV. EVALUATION
Since you now have full of knowledge, get your ball pen and 1whole sheet of pad paper
and answer the problem below.
DIRECTION: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and
write it on the space provided before each number.

_____1. If we are going to add -67 to 69, what will be the answer?
a. 138
b. -2
c. 2
d. -138

______2. Which of the following equation is true?

a. -12 – 7 = -5
b. 12 x 3 = 39
c. -13 x 5 = 65
d. none of this
______3. Which of the following equation is not true?
a. -24(3) = -72
b. -12 + (-5) = -17
c. -17 – (6) = -23
d. none of this

______4. Which do not belong to the group?

a. Divition of Integers
b. Subtraction of Integers
c. Multiplication of Integers
d. Addition of Integers

______5. Which of the following statement is true?

a. In Addition of Integers if the equation has unlike sign we subtract the larger number
from the smaller number.
b. In Multiplication of Integers if the equation has unlike sign. The sign of the answer are
always positive.
c. The Four Operations of Integers are the following; Addition of Integers, Substraction
of Integers, Multiplication of Integers and Division of Integers.
d. d. none of this

Class, time’s up.

Let’s check your paper.

Everyone, exchange your paper with your seatmate.

Here are the answers.
1. c
2. d
3. d
4. a
5. d

Class, are you done?

Yes sir.
Okay, who got the score of:
5?
4?
3?
2 and below?
None sir.
Very good! Keep up the good work.

V. ASSIGNMENT
For your assignment, make your own five examples of each operation on integers. Write
it in 1 whole sheet of paper.