TEACHING ARTS IN

ELEMENTARY GRADES

LEARNER’S MODULE

MODULE 2

COURSE DESCRIPTION :
This course deals with the educational foundations of Art as these apply to
teaching and learning in the elementary grades. Various teaching strategies and
assessment appropriate for each area shall be given emphasis in the courses.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:

1. Demonstrate in-depth understanding of the concept, elements and
principles of arts in the elementary grades.
2. Employ varied teaching strategies in teaching arts in the elementary level.

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

3. Design assessment tools in assessing learning arts in the elementary

Learning Objective:
In this lesson, you will be presented with an overview of conducting art lesson the basic
principles of art and classification of arts, examples of what they are, and how to use them in
creating or analyzing an artwork.

Pre-TEST
Ever wondered how much do you know about the principles of design? The need for a different texture,
design, elements which is something out of the box and creative is the artistry work of artists. Whether it's
a painting, wall texturing or coloring, sculpturing, etc. , Everyone craves modern and attractive designs.
Test your knowledge with the Principles of Design Quiz for artists and learners who like to paint and draw.
Let's take this quiz and seek answers. All the best!

1. What are the Principles of Design?

A. Several colors together to create a pattern.

B. Repeating lines, shapes, or other elements that create a pattern.

C. Similar elements of art. To create an uncomplicated look.

D. The rules; which help arrange the ingredients or elements.

E. None of the above

2. What refers to a way of combining similar elements of art to create an uncomplicated look to an overall
composition?

A. Balance

B. Unity

C. Harmony

D. Pattern/Repetition

3. ____________________ is usually created when an artist repeats or alternates a specific element creating a
feeling of movement.

A. Lyric

B. Flow

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

C. Rhythm

D. Music

4. Balance if the arrangement of visual elements to create an "even" or "equal" feeling. What are the three types of
balance? Separate values by commas. (ex. 1, 2, 3)

A. Symmetrical

B. Asymmetrical

C. Radial

D. All of these

5. What type of balance is: (formal) elements are equally distributed on either side of a central vertical axis; one side
duplicates or mirrors the other side, which suggests stability.

A.Symmetrical

B. Radial

C. Asymmetrical

D. Intrametical

6. What type of balance is: (informal) a balance of unlike objects that create a "felt" balance of the total artwork;
images on either side of a central line are different yet give the feeling of balance.

A. Radial

B. Asymmetrical

C. Symmetrical

D. Unimetrical

7. What type of balance is: (radiate) elements branch/radiate out from a central point.

A. Symmetrical

B. Radial

C. Center radiation

D. None of the above

8. Point of interest in a work of art - attracts more attention than anything else in composition; Dominant element or
form in artwork - often the focal point; noticed.

A. Emphasis

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

B. Harmony

C. Balance

D. Variety Contact

9. Choose an example of emphasis.

A. Rough & smooth

B. Use of bright colors

C. Very dark colors

D. Use of many shapes

10. What are repeating lines, shapes, or other elements that create a pattern?

A. Pattern/Repetition

B. Shape

C. Unity

D. None of the above

11. Which combination completes this sentence? Unity is the way various parts of a design relate to each other to
promote a sense of oneness or whleness in a work of art. You create unity in your art through _____________,
simplicity, theme/variation, _____________, proximity (_________________), underlay/overlap, and running off all 4
sides of your paper.

A. Variety - harmony - shape

B. Repetition - contrast - limit negative space

C. Variety - balance - harmony

D. None of the above

12. What are some examples of Variety/Contrast? ex. ________ and __________ .

A.Big and small

B. Day and night

C. Light and dark

D. Rough and smooth

E. All of the above

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

The Principles of Art
The arts are a very wide range of human practices of creative expression, storytelling and
cultural participation. They encompass multiple diverse and plural modes of thinking, doing and
being, in an extremely broad range of media. Both highly dynamic and a characteristically
constant feature of human life, they have developed into innovative, stylized and sometimes
intricate forms. This is often achieved through sustained and deliberate study, training and/or
theorizing within a particular tradition, across generations and even between civilizations. The
arts are a vehicle through which human beings cultivate distinct social, cultural and individual
identities, while transmitting values, impressions, judgments, ideas, visions, spiritual meanings,
patterns of life and experiences across time and space.

Prominent examples of the arts include architecture, visual arts (including ceramics, drawing,
filmmaking, painting, photography, and sculpting), literary arts (including fiction, drama, poetry,
and prose), performing arts (including dance, music, and theatre), textiles and fashion, folk art
and handicraft, oral storytelling, conceptual and installation art, philosophy, criticism, and
culinary arts (including cooking, chocolate making and winemaking). They can employ skill and
imagination to produce objects, performances, convey insights and experiences, and construct
new environments and spaces.

The arts can refer to common, popular or everyday practices as well as more sophisticated and
systematic, or institutionalized ones. They can be discrete and self-contained, or combine and
interweave with other art forms, such as the combination of artwork with the written word in
comics. They can also develop or contribute to some particular aspect of a more complex art
form, as in cinematography.

By definition, the arts themselves are open to being continually re-defined. The practice of
modern art, for example, is a testament to the shifting boundaries, improvisation and
experimentation, reflexive nature, and self-criticism or questioning that art and its conditions of
production, reception, and possibility can undergo.

As both a means of developing capacities of attention and sensitivity, and as ends in

themselves, the arts can simultaneously be a form of response to the world, and a way that our
responses, and what we deem worthwhile goals or pursuits, are transformed. From prehistoric
cave paintings, to ancient and contemporary forms of ritual, to modern-day films, art has served
to register, embody and preserve our ever shifting relationships to each other and to the world.

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

The elements and principles of art and design are the foundation of
the language we use to talk about art. The elements of art are the
visual tools that the artist uses to create a composition. These
are line, shape, color, value, form, texture, and space.

The principles of art represent how the artist uses the elements of
art to create an effect and to help convey the artist's intent. The
principles of art and design are balance, contrast, emphasis,
movement, pattern, rhythm, and unity/variety. The use of these
principles can help determine whether a painting is successful,
and whether or not the painting is finished.
The artist decides what principles of art he or she wants to use in a
painting. While an artist might not use all the principles of design in
one piece, the principles are intertwined and the use of one will often
depend on another. For example, when creating emphasis, the artist
might also be using contrast or vice versa. It is generally agreed that
a successful painting is unified, while also
having some variety created by areas
of contrast and emphasis; is visually balanced; and moves the
viewer's eye around the composition. Thus it is that one principle of
art can influence the effect and impact of another.

Imagine you're using your favorite pen to draw a spaceship. You take into careful
consideration where to place this spaceship on the page and how far away to
draw the moon and stars that the spaceship is about to fly by. You want to show
that the spaceship is moving, so you draw a few squiggles. Finally, because of
your love of star gazing, you color in a nearby shooting star with your favorite
shade of yellow and voila; you have just created your own artwork.

Without even knowing it, you have just used some of the principles of art. They
include:

1. balance
2. proportion
3. emphasis
4. variety
5. movement
6. rhythm
7. contrast

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

They are used to organize the basic elements of art: line, shape, form, value,
color, space, and texture. They are sometimes also referred to as principles of
organization or design principles.

Another important element in creating art is composition. A composition is the

placement or arrangement of visual elements in an artwork, and art principles
help figure out the arrangements of those visual elements.

Each Principle Defined

Balance: The sense of stability achieved through implied weight of an object.
There are three different types of balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and
radial.

Symmetrical balance: When one image is mirrored on the other side to repeat
itself

Asymmetrical balance: When different types of elements create a visual balance

Radial balance:The distribution of elements around a central point in all

directions

Here is an example of asymmetrical balance, showing a bright red apple in one

corner balanced by a large area of neutral color on the other side. Together, they
work to create balance in the overall composition.

Proportion: The ratio of one art element to another. It is important to keep in

mind the relationship between different elements of the composition so that the
scale of your artwork always makes visual sense. For example, if you were
drawing your best friend sitting in a chair, the size of the chair should be in

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

proportion to the size of your friend. The image below shows the different size
proportions of a variety of fruits.

Emphasis: When one element of an artwork stands out more than another. This
creates a sense of importance and is intentionally used to communicate a
message or feeling. Emphasis creates variety in your artwork. This image of one
lone, yellow pear among a bowl of red apples demonstrates the principles of
emphasis.

Variety: The counterweight to harmony and creates visual interest by slightly

changing or using different elements together in a composition. It can be created

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

with contrast, change, elaboration, or diversifying elements. With variety, it is
important to consider how the elements are working together so that you still
have harmony and unity within a composition. This image of different fruits and
vegetables is an example of variety.

Movement: is a result of using the elements of art such that they move the viewer’s eye around
and within the image. A sense of movement can be created by diagonal or curvy lines, either
real or implied, by edges, by the illusion of space, by repetition, by energetic mark- making.

Rhythm: is created by movement implied through the repetition of elements of art in a non-
uniform but organized way. It is related to rhythm in music. Unlike pattern, which demands

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

consistency, rhythm relies on variety. It is achieved when the elements of an artwork come
together in a unified way. Certain element can be repeated, yet they still look and feel like they
are lending themselves to a whole and is definitely not monotony but also in chaos. It is that
perfect pairing of the two

Contrast: is simply defined as difference. Difference between art elements like color, value,
size, texture, and so on can intensify the elements used. As a result, the elements used in a
work of art can become more powerful. Although contrast is closely related with variety, it is
usually considered a principle of art. Although some art purist, stick with variety and argue that
contrast simply creates variety.

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

Activity 1
Based on the artworks above in principles of art;
1. What do you think the artist wanted to communicate? What do you see in the artwork
that makes you say that?
Note: answer it in your own idea. Avoid copy paste answer from other worksheet!

Balance

Proportion

Emphasis

Variety

Movement

Rhythm

Contrast

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

Activity 2: UNDERSTANDING AND DESCRIBE ME

1. Explain the significance of elements and principles of art in teaching elementary

students.Brief and Concise! 20pts

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
2. Describe a typical elementary level learner.

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
3. How will you teach these words to a preschooler? Explain your answers.
Love
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________.
Rainbow
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
Family

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.

4. In your opinion, what is the best way to teach a Grade 1-4 students in how to paint or
draw? Explain your answer.

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.

Activity 3: APPLICATION

Create a worksheet of coloring activities. Make sure to print atleast 5 copies to be colored by
the pupils( it must be your relative or neighbor who is preschooler or Grade 1 to Grade 3) and
teach them how to put a color.Record a video or take a picture while he/she is doing the task.

CLASSIFICATION OF ARTS
Visual Arts
Literary Arts
Performing Arts

Visual Arts
Architecture

Architecture is the art and science of designing buildings and structures. The word architecture
comes from the Greek arkhitekton, "master builder, director of works," from αρχι- (arkhi) "chief"
+ τεκτων (tekton) "builder, carpenter".[19] A wider definition would include the design of the built
environment, from the macrolevel of town planning, urban design, and landscape architecture to
the microlevel of creating furniture. Architectural design usually must address both feasibility
and cost for the builder, as well as function and aesthetics for the user.
In modern usage, architecture is the art and discipline of creating, or inferring an implied or
apparent plan of, a complex object or system. The term can be used to connote the implied
architecture of abstract things such as music or mathematics, the apparent architecture of
natural things, such as geological formations or the structure of biological cells, or explicitly
planned architectures of human-made things such as software, computers, enterprises, and
databases, in addition to buildings. In every usage, an architecture may be seen as a subjective
mapping from a human perspective (that of the user in the case of abstract or physical artifacts)
to the elements or components of some kind of structure or system, which preserves the
relationships among the elements or components. Planned architecture manipulates space,
volume, texture, light, shadow, or abstract elements in order to achieve pleasing aesthetics.
This distinguishes it from applied science or engineering, which usually concentrate more on the

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

functional and feasibility aspects of the design of constructions or structures.

In the field of building architecture, the skills demanded of an architect range from the more
complex, such as for a hospital or a stadium, to the apparently simpler, such as planning
residential houses. Many architectural works may be seen also as cultural and political symbols,
or works of art. The role of the architect, though changing, has been central to the successful
(and sometimes less than successful) design and implementation of pleasingly built
environments in which people live.

Ceramics
Main article: Ceramic art
Ceramic art is art made from ceramic materials (including clay), which may take forms such as
pottery, tile, figurines, sculpture, and tableware. While some ceramic products are considered
fine art, some are considered to be decorative, industrial, or applied art objects. Ceramics may
also be considered artefacts in archaeology. Ceramic art can be made by one person or by a
group of people. In a pottery or ceramic factory, a group of people design, manufacture, and
decorate the pottery. Products from a pottery are sometimes referred to as "art pottery." In a
one-person pottery studio, ceramists or potters produce studio pottery. In modern ceramic
engineering usage, "ceramics" is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-
metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae.

Conceptual art
Main article: Conceptual art
Conceptual art is art wherein the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence
over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. The inception of the term in the 1960s referred
to a strict and focused practice of idea-based art that often defied traditional visual criteria
associated with the visual arts in its presentation as text.[20] Through its association with the
Young British Artists and the Turner Prize during the 1990s,[21] its popular usage, particularly in
the United Kingdom, developed as a synonym for all contemporary art that does not practise the
traditional skills of painting and sculpture.

Drawing
Main article: Drawing
Drawing is a means of making an image, using any of a wide variety of tools and techniques. It
generally involves making marks on a surface by applying pressure from a tool, or moving a tool
across a surface. Common tools are graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colour
pencils, crayons, charcoals, pastels, and markers. Digital tools which can simulate the effects of
these are also used. The main techniques used in drawing are line drawing, hatching,
crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending. An artist who excels in
drawing is referred to as a drafter, draftswoman, or draughtsman.[22] Drawing can be used to
create art used in cultural industries such as illustrations, comics and animation. Comics are
often called the "ninth art" (le neuvième art) in Francophone scholarship, adding to the
traditional "Seven Arts".[23]

Painting
Main article: Painting

The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci

Painting is a mode of creative expression, and can be done in numerous forms. Drawing,
gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in
abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

conceptual intention of the practitioner. Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in
a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist
art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).

Modern painters have extended the practice considerably to include, for example, collage.
Collage is not painting in the strict sense since it includes other materials. Some modern
painters incorporate different materials such as sand, cement, straw, wood or strands of hair for
their artwork texture. Examples of this are the works of Elito Circa, Jean Dubuffet or Anselm
Kiefer.

Photography
Main article: Fine art photography
Photography as an art form refers to photographs that are created in accordance with the
creative vision of the photographer. Art photography stands in contrast to photojournalism,
which provides a visual account for news events, and commercial photography, the primary
focus of which is to advertise products or services.

Sculpture
Main article: Sculpture
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. It is one of the
plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and
modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other
materials;

but since modernism, shifts in sculptural process led to an almost complete freedom of
materials and process. A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving,
assembled by welding or modelling, or moulded, or cast.

Calligraphy - beautiful and stylized handwriting

LIterary Arts
Literature is literally "acquaintance with letters" as in the first sense given in the Oxford English
Dictionary. The noun "literature" comes from the Latin word littera meaning "an individual written
character (letter)." The term has generally come to identify a collection of writings, which in
Western culture are mainly prose (both fiction and non-fiction), drama and poetry. In much, if not
all of the world, the artistic linguistic expression can be oral as well, and include such genres as
epic, legend, myth, ballad, other forms of oral poetry, and as folktale. Comics, the combination
of drawings or other visual arts with narrating literature, are often called the "ninth art" (le
neuvième art) in Francophone scholarship.
Poetry (derived from the Greek poiesis, "making") is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and
often rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to
evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.
Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance: a play, opera, mime, ballet,
etc., performed in a theatre, or on radio or television. Considered as a genre of poetry in
general, the dramatic mode has been contrasted with the epic and the lyrical modes ever since
Aristotle's Poetics (c. 335 BC)—the earliest work of dramatic theory.The term "drama" comes
from a Greek word "draō" meaning "to do / to act" (Classical Greek: δρᾶμα, drama), which is
derived from "I do" (Classical Greek: δράω, drao). The two masks associated with drama
represent the traditional generic division between comedy and tragedy.
Performing Arts

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Performing arts comprise dance, music, theatre, opera, mime, and other art forms in which a
human performance is the principal product. Performing arts are distinguished by this
performance element in contrast with disciplines such as visual and literary arts where the
product is an object that does not require a performance to be observed and experienced. Each
discipline in the performing arts is temporal in nature, meaning the product is performed over a
period of time. Products are broadly categorized as being either repeatable (for example, by
script or score) or improvised for each performance.Artists who participate in these arts in front
of an audience are called performers, including actors, magicians, comedians, dancers,
musicians, and singers. Performing arts are also supported by the services of other artists or
essential workers, such as songwriting and stagecraft. Performers often adapt their appearance
with tools such as costume and stage makeup.

Dance (from Old French dancier, of unknown origin) generally refers to human movement either
used as a form of expression or presented in a social, spiritual or performance setting. Dance is
also used to describe methods of non-verbal communication (see body language) between
humans or animals (e.g. bee dance, mating dance), motion in inanimate objects (e.g. the leaves
danced in the wind), and certain musical forms or genres. Choreography is the art of making
dances, and the person who does this is called a choreographer. Definitions of what constitutes
dance are dependent on social, cultural, aesthetic, artistic and moral constraints and range from
functional movement (such as Folk dance) to codified, virtuoso techniques such as ballet. In
sports, gymnastics, figure skating and synchronized swimming are dance disciplines while
Martial arts "kata" are often compared to dances.

Music is an art form whose medium is sound and silence, occurring in time. Common elements
of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts
tempo, metre, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The
creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture
and social context. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions (and their reproduction in
performance) through improvisational music to aleatoric pieces. Music can be divided into
genres and subgenres, although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are
often subtle, sometimes open to individual interpretation, and occasionally controversial. Within
"the arts", music may be classified as a performing art, a fine art, and auditory art.

Theatre or theater (from Greek theatron (θέατρον); from theasthai, "behold" is the branch of
the performing arts concerned with acting out stories in front of an audience using combinations
of speech, gesture, music, dance, sound and spectacle – indeed, any one or more elements of
the other performing arts. In addition to the standard narrative dialogue style, theatre takes such
forms as opera, ballet, mime, kabuki, classical Indian dance, Chinese opera and mummers'
plays.

Other Arts
Applied arts
The applied arts are the application of design and decoration to everyday, functional, objects to
make them aesthetically pleasing.[29] The applied arts includes fields such as industrial design,
illustration, and commercial art.[30] The term "applied art" is used in distinction to the fine arts,
where the latter is defined as arts that aims to produce objects which are beautiful or provide
intellectual stimulation but have no primary everyday function. In practice, the two often overlap.

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades

Video games
: Video games as an art form
A debate exists in the fine arts and video game cultures over whether video games can be
counted as an art form.Game designer Hideo Kojima professes that video games are a type of
service, not an art form, because they are meant to entertain and attempt to entertain as many
people as possible, rather than being a single artistic voice (despite Kojima himself being
considered a gaming auteur, and the mixed opinions his games typically receive). However, he
acknowledged that since video games are made up of artistic elements (for example, the
visuals), game designers could be considered museum curators – not creating artistic pieces,
but arranging them in a way that displays their artistry and sells tickets.
Within social sciences, cultural economists show how video games playing is conducive to the
involvement in more traditional art forms and cultural practices, which suggests the
complementarity between video games and the arts.

Activity 4: A TALENTED TEACHER IS A MODEL -- Education is much more than a matter of

imparting the knowledge and skills by which narrow goals are achieved. It is also about opening
the child’s eyes to the needs and rights of others. Imparting skills and talent to students can
make lesson/discussion not boring!

Make a 3 to 5 minutes video showcasing your talent in any forms of art..Whether it be in

performing arts,visual arts, photography,spoken poetry etc..
Deadline of Submission October 15, 2021

Rubrics

CRITERIA DESCRIPTION
Content and The video clearly presents a key concept. 40%
development Interesting, relevant to audience, entairtaining.
Use of creativity Has a clear picture of what you are trying to achieve. 20%
Resources are well utilize and well-organized
Video quality The quality and materials in the video are very well 15%
organized and understandable.
Clarity of voice or Clear and well modulated voice. Has clear feature of 15%
Musicality music and cannot be muted

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Attire Neatness of attire are well presented 10%

100 %

In an effective classroom, students should not only know what they are doing, they should
also know why and how. - Harry Wong

Teaching Arts in Elementary Grades