Scribd
Upload
5 views

Activity1-Fishbone-Timeline-peta-3

The document outlines the historical development of atomic theory, detailing contributions from key scientists such as Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Schrodinger, and Chadwick. Each scientist's model of the atom is described along with their significant findings, illustrating the evolution of the atomic model over time. The activity involves creating a fishbone timeline to visually represent these discoveries and their relevance.

Uploaded by

gelomendoza757
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views

Activity1-Fishbone-Timeline-peta-3

The document outlines the historical development of atomic theory, detailing contributions from key scientists such as Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Schrodinger, and Chadwick. Each scientist's model of the atom is described along with their significant findings, illustrating the evolution of the atomic model over time. The activity involves creating a fishbone timeline to visually represent these discoveries and their relevance.

Uploaded by

gelomendoza757
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Activity1: Fishbone Timeline (peta 3)

OBJECTIVE
Discuss the historical background of the atom and its sub-atomic particles
and explain its relevance in the development of the atomic model.

Procedure:
1. Read and analyze the concept below.
2. On ½ crosswise, create a fishbone timeline (refer to the sample below) to
narrate the history of the discovery of atom. Write the year, name of
scientist, model of atom and draw the model of atom they have designed or
formulated. Make sure to label on the drawing the significant contribution
of the scientist. (24 PTS)

Front of crosswise

At the back of your crosswise

Democritus (460 – 370 B.C.)


Democritus was a Greek philosopher who proposed the idea that matter is made of
tiny, indivisible, indestructible particles that he called atomos, from which the English
word atom (meaning indivisible) is derived. He did not have the necessary
equipment to test his ideas by using controlled experiments, and his ideas were
eventually rejected.

1. 1st to propose that matter is made of tiny particles surrounded by empty


space. Democritus
2. He called these particles atomos.
3. Aristotle disagreed and said that matter was composed of 4 elements: earth,
wind, water, and fire.
4. Atoms were largely forgotten until Dalton’s theory in the 19th century.
5. Draw a picture of Democritus’s atom.

Democritus Model of Atom


John Dalton (1766 – 1844):
John Dalton was an English chemist. He studied numerous chemical reactions,
making careful measurements and observations. He determined mass ratios of
elements involved in those reactions. From analyzing his results, he came up with a
theory called Dalton’s atomic theory. Here are his ideas.
● All elements are composed of atoms. It is impossible to divide or destroy an
atom.
● All atoms of the same elements are alike. (One atom of oxygen is like another
atom of oxygen.)
● Atoms of different elements are different. (An atom of oxygen is different
from an atom of hydrogen.)
● Atoms of different elements combine to form a compound. These atoms have
to be in definite whole number ratios. For example, water is a compound
made up of 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen (a ratio of 2:1). Three
atoms of hydrogen and 2 atoms of oxygen cannot combine to make water.
1. According to Dalton, what are elements made of? Atoms Can they be
divided? It is impossible to divide or destroy an atom.
2. Atoms of different elements are characterized by their mass or weight.
3. When elements react, their atoms combined to form new compound.
4. Draw a picture of Dalton’s atom.
Dalton’s Model of Atom is known as

Billiard ball model

J. J. Thomson (Late 1800s):


J. J. Thomson was an English scientist. He was experimenting with gas discharge
tubes when he noticed a movement in the tube. He called the movement cathode
rays. The rays moved from the negative end of the tube to the positive end.
When he held a negative metal plate near the cathode ray, the ray was deflected
away. No matter which gas he put into the tube, he always made the same
observations. He realized that the rays were made of negatively charged
particles – electrons. His plum pudding model describes the
atom as a sphere of positively charged “pudding”, with J.J Thomson’s Model of Atom is known as
negative electrons evenly distributed throughout, like plums
plum pudding/model raisin
_________________
in the pudding. bread model
1. Thomson was the 1st to discover a subatomic particle –
the electron.
2. His experiments used cathode rays.
3. Why are cathode rays deflected away from a negatively
charged metal plate? Cathode rays are deflected away
from a negatively charged plate because they are
negatively charged particles.
4. Draw a picture of Thomson’s atom.

Ernest Rutherford (1871 – 1937):


Ernest Rutherford conducted a famous experiment called the gold foil
experiment. He used a thin sheet of gold foil. He also used special equipment to
shoot alpha particles (positively charged particles) at the gold foil. Most
particles passed straight through the foil like the foil was not there. Some
particles went straight back or were deflected as if they had hit something. The
experiment shows:
● Atoms are made of a small positive nucleus; positive nucleus repels positive
alpha particles
● Atoms are mostly empty space
1. Alpha particles are a type of positively
charged radiation. Rutherford’s Model of Atom is known as
2. When shot at a piece of gold foil, most ____nuclear model_____________
alpha particles pass straight through the
foil. But occasionally, an alpha particle
would be violently go straight / deflect
/ bounce back, as if it has hit something
solid / hard / massive / dense.
3. The Gold Foil experiment led to the
discovery of the nucleus, which is the
center of the atom, where most of the
mass of an atom is concentrated.
4. The core of an atom is positively
charged.
5. Draw a picture of the Rutherford model of the atom.

Bohr – (1913)
The valence electrons are in the outermost orbits and are involved in
chemical reactions. They determine the chemical reaction of an atom.
His Model of Atom is known as
1. Draw a picture of Bohr’s model of the atom.
2. Bohr proposed that electrons are found in
circular orbits around the nucleus.
3. According to Bohr’s model, electrons are found
Bohr
in fixed energy levels. Atomic or
4. The path closest to the nucleus has the lowest
energy. The energy is generally higher as Planetary
electrons are farther away from the nucleus. Model
5. Electrons can transfer/jump/move from one
energy level to another.
6. Therefore, electrons gain or lose energy every
time they change energy levels
7. This change in energy level is called a degenerate / quantum of energy.

Erwin Schrodinger – (1920’s)


1. Used Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle to come His Model of Atom is known as
up with the atomic model that we still use today.
2. An electron does not travel in exact orbit.

James Chadwick – (1932)


Electron
He discovered neutrons. cloud
model
His Model of Atom is known as
Chadwick model of an
atom

You might also like