1 i.

PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY

641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

THE SATISFACTION LEVEL OF COMMUNITY ON THE JOB

PERFORMANCE OF POLICE OFFICERS IN PARANG, MARIKINA

DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Presented to the

Faculty of College of Criminal Justice of

Philippine College of Criminology

Sta. Cruz, Manila

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the of Degree of

Bachelor of Science in Criminology

By

RAPHAEL PANTOJA

PATRICK PASCUA

BERNARD ALEC GILVIZON

DOMINGO ABUYOG JR

MYLENE MATANDAC

Group No.2/ 4-B1

October 2021
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
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APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled “THE SATISFACTION LEVEL OF COMMUNITY ON

THE JOB PERFORMANCE OF POLICE OFFICERS IN PARANG, MARIKINA

DURING PANDEMIC” prepared and submitted by Raphael Pantoja, Patrick

Pascua, Bernard Alec Gilvizon, Domingo Jr. Abuyog, and Mylene Matandac in

partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in

Criminology has been examined and is recommended for Pre-Oral Examination.

Adviser

Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor of Science

in Criminology by the Examination Committee with a grade of ________.

_________________________

Chairman

___________________ ___________________

Member Member

Accepted and approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements for

Bachelor of Science in Criminology.

OIC. SHARINA JANE TANTOCO-PERALTA

Dean
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to acknowledge and give their warmest gratitude

to those who helped them.

To Atty. Lowell Fredrick A. Madrileño, their research adviser, for his

encouragement, time and feedback throughout this research.

To Dr. Allan L. Tilla-in, their subject course adviser, for providing his

guidance, genuine concern and assistance during the conduct of this research.

Above all, the researcher would like to thank the Almighty God, for letting

them through all the difficulties they experienced while doing the research and the

one who gives strength and knowledge to finish the study.

R.P.

P.P.

D.A.

B.G.

M.M.
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DEDICATION

The researchers would be honored to dedicate this research to their

parents. To the persons that gave the tools and values necessary to be where

they’re standing today. For supporting the researcher’s steps, they make, and

decisions they make. Their unending gratitude to MR. AND MRS.PANTOJA, MR.

AND MRS. PASCUA, MR. AND MRS. GILVIZON, MR. AND MRS. ABUYOG, AND

MR. AND MRS. MATANDAC, for all the opportunities that they have offered and

given to the researchers, for all the teachings that they have told and for every

advice that comes out of their mouth.

“ALL FOR THE GREATER GLORY OF GOD AND COUNTRY”

R.P.

P.P.

J.A.

B.G.

M.M.
v.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE....................................................................... i

APPROVAL SHEET........................................................... ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................... iii

DEDICATION............................................................................. iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................. v

CHAPTER 1: The Problem and Its Background

Introduction ....................................................................... 1

Setting of the study ........................................................... 3

Theoretical Framework ..................................................... 5

Conceptual Framework ..................................................... 6

Statement of the Problem .................................................. 8

Hypothesis ......................................................................... 9

Scope and limitation of the Study ...................................... 9

Significance of the Study ................................................... 9

Definition of Terms ............................................................. 10

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literatures and Studies

Foreign Literature ............................................................... 12

Local Literature ................................................................... 14

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Foreign Studies ................................................................... 16

Local Studies ..................................................................... 18

Relevance to the Reviewed Literature and Studies

to the Present Study .......................................................... 21

Chapter 3: Research Method and Procedures

Research Method .............................................................. 23

Population and Sampling Techniques ............................... 23

Research Instrument ......................................................... 27

Validation of Instrument ..................................................... 28

Data Gathering Procedures ............................................... 28

Statistical Treatment of Data .............................................. 29

Chapter 4: Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations

BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................. 27

APPENDIX

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE............................................... 29

CURRICULUM VITAE......................................................... 38
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Chapter 1

The Problem and Its Background

Introduction

Pandemic has turned the world upside down. The pandemic has been

affecting the entire workforce of every industry. It has made the world’s economy

fell on their knees.

It has led to a dramatic loss of human life worldwide and presented an

unprecedented challenge to public health, food systems, the world of work, and

especially the people’s welfare and safety.

The welfare and safety of the citizens is one of the paramount concerns of

our government amidst the pandemic. Furthermore, government needs an

enforcement body to make this concern possible. Claiming the state’s support

through cash allowances, vaccination program, varied quarantine protocols,

community pantries, lockdown, and the classic curfew hours are just few of the

things that seriously need the enforcement of law to make it systematic, in order

and just.

These responses of the government to address the nation in this

challenging time are just few of the responsibilities of our policemen. Their job

performances may be affected by many contributing factors including the

perception and acceptance of the public towards them.

Law enforcement is a system by which some members of a society act in

an organized manner to enforce the law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating,

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or punishing people who violate the rules and norms governing that said society

(Hess & Orthmann, 2012). It is most frequently implemented by those who directly

engage in patrols or surveillance to dissuade and discover criminal activity, and

those who investigate crimes and apprehend offenders, a task typically carried out

by the police.

The fact that law enforcement is implemented by people, it is implied that

all law enforcers need to know the impact and evaluate their job performances to

the community they are serving with and moreover to sustain it.

The police are human beings and are employees too, whom of which

experience satisfaction levels in their jobs which are found to be factors that are

directly related to an employee’s performance.

As of the time of writing, there were no available comparative studies

regarding the satisfaction levels of law enforcers globally. However, since there is

a proven correlation between performance and job satisfaction, a list of the top

performing police organization provides insight.

In the Philippines, various studies regarding the job satisfaction levels of

police officers were done scoping varying jurisdictions. All of which conclude that

the police officers were satisfied.

Job satisfaction is a multi-defined term. However, it is best described as “a

pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one's job or

job experiences” especially to the performance of law enforcers in a specific

community. There are numerous factors affecting satisfaction. Such factors

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include enforcement of law, crime and detection and prevention, investigation and

taking offenders to the court, and other various factors.

In the past 40 years, researchers have interested in police officers’

behaviors and attitudes. Although policing literature has been different studies

about crime and traditional policing issues, there is little research about officers’

performance based on the perception of the community. It is imperative to be

aware of the feedback from the community on the things to maintain and to be

improved. Basically, community is the prime partner of law enforcers to make their

job possible and productive.

Therefore, this study explores whether police officers engaged community-

policing programs would have a negative or positive effect on their job satisfaction

in the community policing agencies. The study examines the satisfaction level of

the different members of the community on the job performance of police officers

assigned in Parang, Marikina

Setting of the Study

This study will be conducted in Gomez St. and P. Burgos St. in Brgy.

Parang, Marikina, the community under Eastern Police District. The divisible

perceptions of the community on the performance of the law enforcers in this time

of pandemic created different issues on favoritism and irregularities from the

barangay and the cryptic posts and negative comments were among the reasons

why we need to know the satisfaction level of our community on the job
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performance of police officers in Marikina. The respondents are the residents of

Barangay Parang, Marikina.

Figure: 1. Gomez Street and P. Burgos Street, Parang, Marikina City

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Theoretical Framework

Adams' Equity Theory calls for a fair balance to be struck between an

employee's inputs (hard work, skill level, acceptance, enthusiasm, and so on) and

an employee's outputs (salary, benefits, intangibles such as recognition, and so

on).

In the said study, the satisfaction of the community as the input has a

greater contribution to the job performance of the police officers.

According to the theory, finding this fair balance serves to ensure a strong

and productive relationship is achieved in the community, with the overall result

being contented, motivated police officers.

Adams' Equity Theory is named for John Stacey Adams, a workplace and

behavioral psychologist, who developed his job motivation theory in 1963. Much

like many of the more prevalent theories of motivation (such as Maslow's Hierarchy

of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory), Adams' Equity Theory

acknowledges that subtle and variable factors affect an employee's assessment

and perception of their relationship with their work and their employer.

The theory is built-on the belief that employees become de-motivated, both

in relation to their job and the one they serving with, if they feel as though they are

appreciated, police officers can be expected to respond to in different ways,

including de-motivation (generally to the extent the employee perceives the

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disparity between the inputs and the outputs exist), reduced effort, becoming

disgruntled, or, in more extreme cases, perhaps even disruptive.

Conceptual Framework

To further emphasize, the conceptual model which will guide the study following

the Input-Process-Output (I-P-O) is presented in Figure 2.

1. The Input contains the Community’s Level of Satisfaction in terms of:

Enforcement of Law, Maintenance of Peace and Order, Internal Security and

Public Safety; Prevention and Solution of Crimes; Community Support;

Competence and Discipline of the Police Officers in Parang, Marikina.

2. The Process shows how the input will be evaluated through the evaluation of

survey questionnaire and interview, treatment of Data, presentation, analysis,

and interpretation of data.

3. The Output is the proposed action plan or suggested activities that will improve

the level of satisfaction on the job performance of police officers in Parang,

Marikina.
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INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Level of
Satisfaction in
terms of:
Patrol Operations,
1. Evaluate the
Law Enforcement
input through
Operations,
-survey
Internal Security
questionnaire
Operations,
-interview
Public Safety Proposed
2. Statistical
Operations, Action
Treatment of
Special Police Plan/Program
data
Operations,
3. Presentation,
Investigation
Analysis, and
Operations,
Interpretation
Police Community
of data.
Operations, and
Competence and
Discipline

FEEDBACK

Figure: 2. Input-Process-Output System of the Research Study.

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Statement of the Problem

This study will determine the level of satisfaction on the job performance of

Police Officers of residents of Gomez St. and residents of P. Burgos St., Brgy.

Parang Marikina during COVID 19- Pandemic.

Specifically, the study will answer the following questions:

1. What is the Level of Satisfaction of the community on the Job

Performance of Police Officers in terms of:

1.1 Patrol Operations

1.2 Law Enforcement Operations

1.3 Internal Security Operations

1.4 Public Safety Operations

1.5 Special Police operations

1.6 Investigation Operations

1.7 Police Community Operations

1.8 Competence and Discipline

2. Is there a significant difference between the assessment of the two (2)

groups of respondents in the level of satisfaction on the job performance

of police officers in-charge in the community?

3. Based on the findings of study, what are the recommendations and

action plan can be proposed?

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Hypothesis

There is no significant difference in the level of satisfaction on job

performance of police officers in charge in the community.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The scope of this study will cover the level of satisfaction of the residents

on the job performance of Police Officers in Gomez St. and P. Burgos St., Parang

Marikina of only during the COVID-19 pandemic, SY 2020-2021. Furthermore, the

job performance mentioned in this study is based on the New PNP Modernization

Law. A total of 70 respondents, 35 respondents in each street, will participate in

this study.

Significance of the Study

This study will hopefully be beneficial to the following:

Barangay Officials. They will value their role as one of the partners in law

enforcement and to continuously supporting the PNP.

Parents. This will give them an assurance that PNP is the law enforcement

body that provides welfare and safety to their children.

Police Officers. The results of this study will give them insights and

baseline information regarding to their performance from the grassroots to the

leading members of the community. This will serve an eye-opener for improvement

and sustainable practice of the law enforcement.

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Professors. The results of this study will help them to identify and

understand skills and knowledge to include in their curriculum. They may be able

to adapt and apply in their daily teaching and learning activities the different job

performance of a law enforcers and the expectations of the community.

Students. They will be familiarized with the different duties and functions of

law enforcers as their future job and likewise know the contributing factors that

may affect them.

Definition of Terms

To have a clear understanding of this study, the following terms are

operationally and theoretically defined:

Job Performance refers to the ability employee able to achieve, attains,

and accomplish the organizational goals (Ismail, Suh-Suh, Ajis, & Dollah, 2009).

The job performance is a very essential part which plays an important role in

achieving organizational goals (Kappagoda, Othman, Zainul, & Alwis, 2014; Wang,

Yen, & Liu, 2015).

Level of Satisfaction is the perceived level of pleasure and

contentment derived from individual performance. Satisfaction, in addition to

values and competence, is the motivating force for occupational behavior. Meaning

is the importance or significance an individual identifies within an occupation.

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Pandemic is a disease outbreak that spans several countries and affects

many people. Pandemics are most often caused by viruses, like Coronavirus

Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can easily spread from person to person.

Police Officers a generic term for law enforcers under Philippine National

Police.

Patrol Operations is the most basic police function and known as the

backbone of policing.

Law Enforcement Operations include service of warrant of arrest,

implementation of search warrant, enforcement of visitorial powers of the Chiefs

of Police, and other anti-criminality operations.

Police Community Relations the establishment of connection between

the police and the community in order to forge partnership and strengthen

collaboration and linkages for a common good.

Internal Security Operations include counterterrorism operations and

similar operations against other threat groups that are conducted to ensure internal

security.

Public Safety Operations include critical incident management

procedures, search, rescue and retrieval operations, hostage situation, civil

disturbance management operation, management of health hazards and other

operations that promote public safety.

Special Police Operations include high-risk checkpoint and roadblock

operation, police assistance in the implementation of order from the court and other
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quasi-judicial bodies, security to major and special events, aircraft hijacking

operations, visit, board, search and seizure of marine vessels, and similar police

operations that are conducted by police units with specialized training on the

peculiarity of the mission or purpose.

Investigation Operations include investigation of crime or incident, Scene

of the Crime Operations (SOCO), administrative investigation and other

investigative work necessary to determine facts and circumstances for filing cases

criminally or administratively.
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Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter is a presentation of literature, articles and studies which have

relevance to the current study. A review of related literature and studies gives the

researcher a thorough grasp of the problem and a deeper understanding regarding

the role of criminology educators in the quality of criminology graduates that will

produce by the learning institution.

Foreign Literature

Pelfrey (2017) explained the importance and role of satisfaction with work

police officers in community policing and traditional motorized patrol assignments

were surveyed regarding policing style, the perceived importance of various tasks,

and time allocation, the impacts of assignment at the officer level, community

policing, the influence of job satisfaction on work, and rural law enforcement.

Although generalizing findings derived from several police agencies to other

agencies should be done with caution, the findings are potentially important to

agency decision makers regarding assignment and implementation of community

policing.

Braga (2016) presented contrasting perspectives on eight major innovations

in American policing developed over the course of the 1980s and 1990s. In

response to rising crime rates and growing public dissatisfaction, police

departments needed to improve their performance and innovation provided the

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opportunity to make these improvements. These innovations included community

policing, “broken windows” policing, problem-oriented policing, “pulling levers”

policing, third-party policing, hot spots policing, CompStat, and evidence-based

policing. These strategies represented fundamental changes to the business of

policing. However, as many police scholars and executives point out, improving

police performance through innovation is often not straightforward.

Schafer (2019) examined how police believe they are perceived by the

public and how the perceived image affects the officers’ job satisfaction. The study

population in this research was derived from sworn police officers from a large

metropolitan police agency in the Midwest, USA. Data were collected using a self‐

administered survey questionnaire. It was found that overall police officers believe

they are perceived less favorably by the community. It was also found that officers’

perceived image in most non‐enforcement situations was significantly related to

their job satisfaction.

Surveys a police department in a medium‐sized Canadian city to investigate

ethnocentrism and role orientation, in particular the officer’s role as crime fighter

rather than service provider. Finds that respondents view crime fighting to be more

socially significant and personally satisfying than other activities and that they

perceived this as having the highest degree of public support. Notes that an

adherence by officers to the crime fighting role may tend to keep officers alienated

from the community, thus causing increasing role conflict as North America

embraces more fully the service delivery model. Taylor (2016)

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Enhancing overall police performance remains a critical goal and objective

for law enforcement leadership, political leaders, and denizens. For this reason,

research that explores how an organizational work environment and organizational

policies. Helfers (2020)

Local Literature

Press release of PNP (2019) implements mechanisms of peace and order

which has the primary task of ensuring that peace and order prevail in the

community and the municipality in general. Peace and order in local communities

translates to a sense of a shared feeling of security among the citizens. People

who have this sense of security are more likely to participate in community

activities that aim to improve the livelihood and well-being of all. In this sense, the

maintenance of peace and order is part of the foundation for genuine, community-

based development. From the emerging findings of study, it is therefore concluded

that the PNP members are performing their functions in maintaining peace and

order in the community. The positive responses of the residents are a reflection

that the PNP have efficiently provided the services as mandated in their functions

as peacekeepers. It is recommended that the Philippine National Police should

sustain its outstanding performance and further capacitate itself to provide swift

response to emergency cases in the community.

Turnover intention is the most prevalent issue nowadays in every

organization. It is widely understood that recognizing and dealing with antecedents

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of turnover intentions is a good way to reduce real turnover. The purpose of this

study was to investigate the relationships of leadership behavior and job

satisfaction as predictors of the turnover intention of Radiologic Technologists

working in academic institutions in Region XI, Philippines. (Sedillo, 2021)

Aliusman et al. (2018) entails lateral movements in the assignment and

tasks of personnel in the organization. Primary among those who experience

lateral movements in the organization in the form of reassignment are policemen.

Reassignment is a commonplace occurrence in the police force which allows for

seven things: filling of gaps in police coverage in certain areas, enrichment of

experience for the police officer, consideration of requests from parties (personnel,

family, police leadership, government officials, etc.), maintenance of vigor,

security, promotions, and sometimes a form of sanction for unsatisfactory

performance or certain behaviors. There was no significant relationship for all five

motivation factors to motivation and job performance on After Activity Reports.

Proximity to resources and personal ties were addressed as points for

consideration but the greater acceptance of the practice allowed for mitigating

behavior among the participants. According to the results presented, they see

reassignment as an opportunity to grow and perform better. In general, the Police

Commissioned Officers of Lanao del Sur in the Philippines perceive reassignment

as a positive practice which enhances their motivation and job performance.

Job satisfaction among employees is important for police organizations.

Low job satisfaction may result in poor organizational commitment, unsatisfactory

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job performance, and absenteeism. Job satisfaction is impacted by demographic

factors and characteristics of the work environment. The study illuminates the

similarities and differences in organizational dynamics impacting job satisfaction in

police organizations underline the relevance of the theory across countries and

cultures. (Kumar, 2020)

Zhang et. al. (2020) the “informed citizen” thesis to public confidence in the

police in the Philippines is a topic that has surprisingly received little research

attention. Confidence in the Philippine police has gradually improved from 2002 to

2014. Regression analysis found that citizens with more education and more

Internet usage displayed lower levels of confidence in the Philippine police. In

addition, interaction effects between education and political interests, with

education having a stronger connection to confidence in the police among those

with greater political interests. Our findings support the informed citizen thesis and

shed new light on the study of confidence in the Philippine police.

Foreign Studies

Job Satisfaction is recognized in industrial and organizational as a condition

for successful job performance and constructs in the industrial or organizational

via the relationship between individual and organizational outcomes. (Shmailan,

2016). Ching, et. al (2019) found certain that police officers should pay more

attention to another variable (such as job stress, organizational commitment, and

HRM practices) to enhance and improve job performance in the police officers.
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According to Tatmini (2016) police officers engaged community policing

programs would have a negative or positive effect on their job satisfaction. As

results indicate, that community policing has an overwhelmingly positive effect.

Moreover, findings suggest community policing officers endorse community

policing and problem oriented policing implementations, engage in these

appointments regularly, and believe that community policing is a valuable strategy.

They feel more significant than others feel.

According to the study conducted by Chikeleze et al. (2021) the recent

police killings of unarmed African Americans in the United States and the

subsequent protests and demonstrations against police brutality have resulted in

more focus on the importance of collaborative relationships between law

enforcement agencies and their communities. This quantitative correlational

research study was conducted in one southern United States police department

that incorporated a servant leadership philosophy, including its leaders being

publicly heralded for their servant leadership practices that positively impacted its

relationship with its community. The study examined if a relationship existed

between perceived servant leadership of law enforcement leaders and line police

officers’ job satisfaction. Results indicated a statistically significant relationship

between servant leadership and employee job satisfaction of the police officers in

the department.

In addition, paint a picture of embeddedness that is neither entirely rosy nor

entirely bleak. Embeddedness comes with a specific tradeoff between

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engagement from socially proximate citizens and backlash from those who remain

unconnected. We address 30 the existing ambiguity of police embeddedness, with

some countries viewing embedded law enforcement as a panacea and others

viewing citizen-police connections as the cause of corruption, by pointing out the

inconsistency between individual-level social proximity and community-level

embeddedness. By considering how embeddedness impacts unconnected

individuals, we clarify the choices policymakers must grapple with when

determining whether the benefits of embeddedness outweigh the costs in their

specific policy domain. Relating to public safety, policymakers must consider the

specific social context in which officers serve, and especially the extent to which

local threats to public safety are driven by simple information flows versus disputes

between citizens, and the extent to which increased embeddedness further

marginalizes important segments of the population. Nanes (2021)

Local Studies

Angadanan Police Station (2017) showed that both respondents on their

assessment are usually on the activities of Police Community Relation on the

aspect of patrol the beat, organized and mobilized people, area visit and house

visit, while in the assessment of the respondent on the Police Interaction with the

people in the community is also Usually. Both respondents also agreed that the

Performance of the Police Officers in Relation to their Community Relation is Very

Satisfactory. Results further revealed that there is no significant difference

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between the assessment of the PNP Personnel and the Barangay Officials on the

Performance of the Police Personnel in Relation to their Community Relation. The

Policemen encountered serious problems in their roles and responsibility in

community relations in the following aspects: Lack of cooperation among residents

in crime prevention, Residents do not report while crime is in progress, Residents

do not show hospitality while conducting house visits, Insufficient supervision and

monitoring from barangay officials when conducting area visits.

Zalsos, et. al (2021) revealed that senior citizens practiced the wearing of

personal protective equipment and hand hygiene to a high extent while social

distancing and disinfecting were only done to a moderate extent during enhanced

community quarantine. They showed positive attitudes as regards the

implementation of the enhanced community quarantine, specifically on self-

isolation and following barangay rules and regulations; were positive in terms of

food/medical assistance and home quarantine but were ambivalent in terms of no

family income. No significant associations were established between the

respondents’ demographic profile and the extent to which the health care

measures were practiced.

Sumad-on (2021) showed that the overall level of satisfaction of the

stakeholders of a graduate school in terms of the 7Ps of the marketing mix is high,

with the product as the highest rating and price as the lowest. A significant

difference was found in the level of satisfaction of the stakeholders when they are

grouped according to the designation, academic program, family's average

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monthly income, and employment. The findings showed that the graduate school

in the Catholic university offered good quality graduate education, has qualified

and competent professors, has an accessible location, and has effective policies

and procedures that exceed the expectations of the stakeholders.

According to the study of Cueto, et. al (2017) the Office of the President,

the Senate, and the Congress may try to re-evaluate and analyze possible

compensation increases for the PNP employees and, through coordinating with

Pag-IBIG, be able to come up with satisfactory housing benefit programs. The

Chief of Police may strive to acquire facilities and modern equipment which would

help increase productivity and improve overall working conditions for all personnel.

The Chief of Police would benefit from conducting timely and relevant team

building activities leading to stronger camaraderie among employees. The Office

of the President, the Senate, and the Congress may consider appropriating budget

for specialized training programs amongst the ranks of the PNP.

According to the study conducted by Haim et. al (2021) these personal ties

present a double-edged sword for the delivery of public safety. As police officers

become more embedded in the communities they serve, unconnected citizens

become less satisfied with the services they provide. Given that even the

communities with the most-embedded police officers contain a substantial number

of citizens with weak personal ties to officers, this heterogeneous effect degrades

public safety provision. Embeddedness undermines officers’ claims of impartiality,

impeding their ability to arbitrate disputes between citizens who might fear that
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their lack of personal connections will lead officers to favor the opposing party.

Consequently, we find that communities in which the police are more embedded

experience significantly higher rates of family feuds and disputes between

neighbors. At best, police’s inability to resolve these disputes informally shifts the

burden to the courts, a costly and inefficient outcome for both citizens and the

state. Unfortunately, at least in the communities we study, the more likely outcome

is that the disputes fester and escalate, potentially leading to long-lasting conflicts.

Relevance of the Reviewed Literature and Studies to the Present Study

The foreign literatures made by Pelfrey (2017), Braga (2016), Schafer

(2019), and Helfers (2020) were related to the present study because they

revealed the negative and positive effects of job performance of law enforcers in

the field of their work and within the perspective of different members of the

community.

The local literatures written by Sedillo (2021), Aliusman (2018), Kumar

(2020), Zhang, et. al (2020) and the statement from the Philippine National Police

highlighted the connection and contributing factors such as behavior, confidence,

reassignment to the level of performance of policemen which is a concern of this

study.

The foreign studies made by Shmailan (2016), Ching (2019), Tatmini

(2016), Chikeleze (2021), and Nanes (2021) tell us that the unconnected citizens

have less satisfying perspective to the job performance of law enforces, hence,
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

the organization need to innovate things like programs and projects on how to fill

this gap.

On the other hand, some of the local studies made by Angadanan (2021),

Zalson (2021), Sumadon (2021), Cueto (2017), and Haim (2021) were related to

the present study in such a way that their findings revealed the satisfaction level

of different community members on the performance of law enforcers in their

respective local community.

The above-mentioned literatures and studies show that every program and

project made by different law enforcement agencies has its effects from their

organization and to the community where their services are likely most needed,

however, the delivery channels and modes have incurred uncertainties that are

inevitable especially in this time of pandemic. This will be a great challenge to all

the men in uniform on how to reconnect their goals to the grassroots up to the

upper group of the society.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Chapter 3

Research Method and Procedure

This chapter presents the method and procedure that will be utilized in the

conduct of the study on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of law

enforcers in the field of their work and within the perspective of different members

of the community. This also include the research method that will be employed,

the sample and sampling technique, the description of the respondents of the

study, the validation of the instruments, the data gathering procedure and the

statistical treatment of data.

Research Method

The study will use the Descriptive Method in gathering the necessary data

on the perspective of the job performance of police operations in the study.

Aquino (2000) describes Descriptive Research as a fact-finding

methodology with adequate interpretation. He also added that this method is

something more beyond just data gathering and believes that the discussion of

true data re up to the level of adequate interpretation.

Population and Sampling Scheme

The study utilized purposive sampling method. Purposive sample was used

to determine the target population of those to be involved in the study.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

The respondents of the study were composed of residents in Gomez St.

and P. Burgos St., Brgy. Parang, Marikina.

Respondents of the Study

Table 1

Respondents of the Study

GROUPS OF SAMPLE SIZE PERCENTAGE

RESPONDENTS
Gomez St. Residents 35 50%
P. Burgos St. Residents 35 50%
Total 70 100%

Table 1 presents the distribution of the respondents of the study. There are

35 or 50% respondents from Gomez St. and 35 or 50% respondents from P.

Burgos St., Brgy. Parang, Marikina, a total of 70 respondents.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Profile of the Respondents

Table 2

Distribution of Respondents According to Age

Age Group Gomez St. Respondents P. Burgos Respondents

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
16-20 yrs. old 5 14.3% 4 11.4%
21-25 yrs. old 10 28.6% 22 62.9%
26-30 yrs. old 7 20.0% 6 17.1%
31-35 yrs. old 3 8.6% 2 5.7%
36-40 yrs. old 3 8.6% 1 2.9%
41 yrs. old and above 7 20.0% - -
Total 35 100.00% 35 100.00%

Table 2 presents the distribution of the respondents of the study according

to age. There are 35 respondents from Gomez Street and 35 respondents from P.

Burgos Street.

On the part of respondents in Gomez Street, Brgy. Parang Marikina, the

age group of 21-25 years old got the highest frequency with 10 or 28.6%; followed

by age group 26-30 years old and 41 years old above with the same frequency of

7 or 20%; 16-20 years old with frequency of 5 or 14.3%; and 31-35 years old and

36-40 years old with the same frequency of 3 or 8.6% respectively.

On the part of respondents in P. Burgos Street, Brgy. Parang Marikina, the

age group of 21-25 years old got the highest frequency with 22 or 62.9%; followed

by age group 26-30 years old with frequency 6 or 17.1%; 16-20 years old with
27
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

frequency 4 or 11.4%; 31-35 years old with frequency 2 or 5.7%; and 36-40 years

old and above with frequency 1 or 2.9% respectively.

Table 3

Distribution of Respondents According to Sex

Sex Gomez St. Respondents P. Burgos Respondents

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

Male 17 48.57% 24 68.57%

Female 18 51.43% 11 31.43%

Total 35 100.00% 35 100.00%

Table 3 presents the distribution of the respondents of the study according

to sex. There are 35 respondents from Gomez Street and 35 respondents from P.

Burgos Street.

On the part of respondents in Gomez Street, Brgy. Parang Marikina, it

showed that majority of the respondents are female with a frequency of 18 or

51.43% while males have a frequency of 17 or 48.57% respectively.

On the part of respondents in P. Burgos Street, Brgy. Parang, Marikina, it

showed that majority of the respondents are male with a frequency of 24 or 68.57%

while females have a frequency of 11 or 31.43% respectively.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 4

Distribution of Respondents According to Civil Status

Civil Status Gomez St. Respondents P. Burgos St.

Respondents
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

Single 20 57.14% 3 8.57%

Married 1 2.86% 32 91.43%

Widowed 14 40.00% - -

Total 35 100.00% 35 100.00%

Table 4 presents the distribution of the respondents of the study according

to civil status. There are 35 respondents from Gomez Street and 35 respondents

from P. Burgos Street.

On the part of respondents in Gomez Street, Brgy. Parang Marikina, it

showed that majority of the respondents are single with a frequency of 20 or

57.14%; followed by married with a frequency of 14 or 40%; and widowed with a

frequency of 1 or 2.86% respectively.

On the part of respondents in P. Burgos Street, Brgy. Parang, Marikina, it

showed that majority of the respondents are married with a frequency of 32 or

91.43% while single have a frequency of 3 or 8.57% respectively.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 5

Distribution of Respondents According to Educational Attainment

Highest Educational Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Attainment Respondents Respondents

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

High School Graduate 17 48.57% 20 57.14%

College Graduate 15 42.86% 14 40.00%

Master’s Degree 3 8.57% 1 2.86%

Total 35 100.00% 35 100.00%

Table 5 presents the distribution of the respondents of the study according

to highest educational attainment. There are 35 respondents from Gomez Street

and 35 respondents from P. Burgos Street.

On the part of respondents in Gomez Street, Brgy. Parang Marikina, it

showed that majority of the respondents are high school graduate with a frequency

of 17 or 48.57%; followed by college graduate with a frequency of 15 or 42.86%;

and master’s degree with a frequency of 3 or 8.57% respectively.

On the part of respondents in P. Burgos Street, Brgy. Parang, Marikina, it

showed that majority of the respondents are high school graduate with a frequency

of 20 or 57.14%; followed by college graduate with a frequency of 14 or 40; and

master’s degree with a frequency of 1 or 2.86% respectively.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Research Instrument

The study utilized a self-structured survey questionnaire which consists of

the following parts:

Part 1. This covered the demographic profile of respondents to identify their

individual differences from one another.

Part 2. This covered the assessment on the level of satisfaction of the job

performance of police officers in the community.

Validation of Instrument

The researcher will ask the validation of the questionnaire of his research

adviser, research professor, and the research officer of PCCR Research

Committee. Those entries, as well as the terminologies, that do not pass the

criteria for validation were subjected for revision or modification or even removal

from the research instrument. After the validation and approval of the research

instrument, survey questionnaire will be reproduced and distributed and answered

by the selected respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher will utilize the following steps in gathering of data:

1. Conduct of interview;

2. Develop survey questionnaire;

3. Distribution of survey questionnaire;

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

4. Collection of data;

5. Statistical treatment;

6. Presentation;

7. Analysis;

8. Interpretation; and

9. Tabular and graphical presentation

Statistical Treatment of Data

In the analysis of data that were gathered from the respondents, the study

utilized the following statistical tools:

The following statistical tools were used in the study:

1. Frequency. It is the actual response to a specific item/question in the

questionnaire where the respondent ticks his choice.

2. Percentage. This was used as descriptive statistics or something that

describes a part of the whole.

Formula:

𝑓
%= 𝑥100
𝑛

Where:

f = frequency

n = total number of samples

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

3. Weighted Mean. This was used to get the average frequency of the

responses in each weighted item.

Formula:

∑𝑓𝑥
𝑥̅ =
∑𝑛

Where:

̅ = Mean
𝒙

∑𝒇𝒙 = Sum of the observations

∑𝒏 = Total number of observations

4. T-Test. This was used to determine the significant difference of the

means of the two groups.

Formula:

𝑑
𝑡=
𝑠12 𝑠22
√
𝑛1 + 𝑛2

Where:

𝑡 = T-Test

𝑑 = Mean difference

𝑠 2 = Variance

𝑛 = Number of samples
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Interpretation of the Weighted Mean

Option Scale Descriptive Equivalent Symbol

4 3.26 – 4.00 Very Satisfied VS

3 2.51 – 3.25 Satisfied S

2 1.76 – 2.50 Dissatisfied D

1 1.00 – 1.75 Very Dissatisfied VD

34
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

CHAPTER 4

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

This Chapter deals with the findings of the study according to the following

sequence: (1) What is the demographic profile of respondents; (2) What is the

Level of Satisfaction of the community on the Job Performance of Police Officers;

(3) Is there any significant difference in the level of satisfaction on the job

performance of police officers in-charge in the community; (4) Based on the

findings of study, what action plan or program can be proposed.

It presents the tabulated information of the gathered data. It includes the

analysis as well as the interpretation of the results.

Sub-Problem no.1

Respondents’ assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

terms of Patrol Operations, Law Enforcement Operations, Internal Security

Operations, Public Safety Operations, Special Police Operations,

Investigation Operations, Police Community Relations, and Competence and

Discipline.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 6

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Patrol Operations

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. Police officers observe
defensive driving and follow 3.66 VS 3.06 S 3.36 VS
traffic rules and regulations.
2. Police officers establish
good rapport with people on
your beat and be familiar with 3.60 VS 3.11 S 3.36 VS
all the people in the
community.
3. Police officers
knowledgeable of all
3.63 VS 3.43 VS 3.53 VS
conditions, events, and details
of places on their beat.
4. Police officers keep under
close observation actions of
juveniles, troublemakers/
agitators and the mentally 3.63 VS 3.23 S 3.43 VS
ill/retarded persons and report
information to the concerned
agency for appropriate action.
5. Police officers responding to
police assistance related to
highly infectious diseases,
immediately inform the
3.51 VS 3.29 VS 3.40 VS
barangay concerned and the
Station TOC for the
observance of the health
standard protocol.
TOTAL 3.60 VS 3.22 S 3.41 VS

Table 6 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of police officers

in terms of Patrol Operations.

36
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.43, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.60 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of very satisfied is “Police officers observe defensive driving and

follow traffic rules and regulations” with the mean of 3.66, followed by “Police

officers knowledgeable of all conditions, events, and details of places on their

beat”, “Police officers keep under close observation actions of juveniles,

troublemakers/ agitators and the mentally ill/retarded persons and report

information to the concerned agency for appropriate action”, “Police officers

establish good rapport with people on your beat and be familiar with all the people

in the community”, and “Police officers responding to police assistance related to

highly infectious diseases, immediately inform the barangay concerned and the

Station TOC for the observance of the health standard protocol” have an

assessment of very satisfied, with the mean scores of 3.63, 3.63, 3.60, and 3.51

respectively.

On the part of residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.22 and

verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “Police officers knowledgeable of all conditions,

events, and details of places on their beat” with the mean of 3.53, followed by

“Police officers knowledgeable of all conditions, events, and details of places on

their beat”, “Police officers responding to police assistance related to highly

37
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

infectious diseases, immediately inform the barangay concerned and the Station

TOC for the observance of the health standard protocol”, “Police officers keep

under close observation actions of juveniles, troublemakers/ agitators and the

mentally ill/retarded persons and report information to the concerned agency for

appropriate action”, “Police officers establish good rapport with people on your

beat and be familiar with all the people in the community”, and “Police officers

observe defensive driving and follow traffic rules and regulations” have

assessments of Very Satisfied and Satisfied, with the mean scores of 3.43, 3.29,

3.23, 3.11, and 3.09 respectively.

38
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 7

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Law Enforcement Operations

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. The police officer stops a
person when there is valid
reason to believe, based on
3.60 VS 3.29 VS 3.45 VS
experiences and the
circumstances that a criminal
activity may be afoot.
2. A police officers perform
body frisking if the person has
been stopped with valid reason
to believe that he/she carries 3.63 VS 3.20 S 3.41 VS
weapon/s and poses a threat to
the police officer’s or another
person’s safety.
3. Checkpoints are established
to enforce laws, rules, and
regulations, and when there is 3.69 VS 3.29 VS 3.46 VS
a need to arrest a criminal or
fugitive from justice.
4. All arrests are made based
on valid warrant of arrest
issued by a judge, except in 3.60 VS 3.29 S 3.45 VS
instances where the law allows
warrantless arrest.
5. Search warrant is issued
based on probable cause in
connection with the offense to
be determined personally by
3.74 VS 3.34 VS 3.54 VS
the judge after examination
under oath or affirmation of the
complainant and the witnesses
presented.
TOTAL 3.65 VS 3.28 VS 3.47 VS
39
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 7 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in terms of Law Enforcement Operations.

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.47, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.65 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “Search warrant is issued based on probable

cause in connection with the offense to be determined personally by the judge after

examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses

presented” with the mean of 3.74 and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied,

followed by “Checkpoints are established to enforce laws, rules, and regulations,

and when there is a need to arrest a criminal or fugitive from justice”, “A police

officers perform body frisking if the person has been stopped with valid reason to

believe that he/she carries weapon/s and poses a threat to the police officer’s or

another person’s safety”, “The police officer stops a person when there is valid

reason to believe, based on experiences and the circumstances that a criminal

activity may be afoot” and “All arrests are made based on valid warrant of arrest

issued by a judge, except in instances where the law allows warrantless arrest”

have an assessment of Very Satisfied, with the mean of 3.69, 3.63, 3.60, and 3.60

respectively.
40
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

On the part of the residents of P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.28

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “Search warrant is issued based on probable

cause in connection with the offense to be determined personally by the judge after

examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses

presented” with the mean of 3.54, followed by “Checkpoints are established to

enforce laws, rules, and regulations, and when there is a need to arrest a criminal

or fugitive from justice”, “The police officer stops a person when there is valid

reason to believe, based on experiences and the circumstances that a criminal

activity may be afoot”, “All arrests are made based on valid warrant of arrest issued

by a judge, except in instances where the law allows warrantless arrest”, and “A

police officers perform body frisking if the person has been stopped with valid

reason to believe that he/she carries weapon/s and poses a threat to the police

officer’s or another person’s safety” have the assessments of Very Satisfied and

Satisfied, with the mean scores of 3.34, 3.29, 3.29, and 3.20 respectively.
41
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 8

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Internal Security Operations

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. The PNP take the lead
role in the conduct of law
enforcement operations
against Terrorist Groups
and other threats to
national security to
3.71 VS 3.29 VS 3.50 VS
include but not limited to
the service of warrant of
arrest, implementation of
search warrant,
entrapment, and hot
pursuit.
2. Police officers conduct
community organization
and mobilization activities
to encourage the
3.63 VS 3.20 S 3.42 VS
community to
immediately report the
presence and plans of
Terrorist Groups.
3. Police officers conduct
of security survey and
3.66 VS 3.26 VS 3.46 VS
inspection to assess
defense viability.
TOTAL 3.67 VS 3.25 S 3.46 VS

Table 8 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in terms of Internal Security Operations.

42
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.46, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.67 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “The PNP take the lead role in the conduct of law

enforcement operations against Terrorist Groups and other threats to national

security to include but not limited to the service of warrant of arrest, implementation

of search warrant, entrapment, and hot pursuit” with the mean of 3.71, followed by

“Police officers conduct of security survey and inspection to assess defense

viability” and “Police officers conduct community organization and mobilization

activities to encourage the community to immediately report the presence and

plans of Terrorist Groups” have an assessment of Very Satisfied, with the mean of

3.66 and 3.63 respectively.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.25

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “The PNP take the lead role in the conduct of law

enforcement operations against Terrorist Groups and other threats to national

security to include but not limited to the service of warrant of arrest, implementation

of search warrant, entrapment, and hot pursuit” with the mean of 3.29, followed by

“Police officers conduct of security survey and inspection to assess defense

viability” and “Police officers conduct community organization and mobilization

activities to encourage the community to immediately report the presence and

43
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

plans of Terrorist Groups” have the assessments of Very Satisfied and Satisfied,

with the mean of 3.26 and 3.20 respectively.

Table 9

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Public Safety Operations

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. In the event of natural
calamity and disaster, the PNP
act as the first responder in the
affected area to provide area
security and support in the 3.71 VS 3.31 VS 3.51 VS
conduct of search, rescue, and
retrieval operations to be
spearheaded by the area
DRRMCs.
2. Manage and incident that
could be resolved by ordinary
police response without the 3.66 VS 3.31 VS 3.49 VS
involvement of the Crisis
Management Committee (CMC).
3. The PNP provides assistance
when requested by the leaders
or organizers for maintenance of
peace and order or to ensure
3.60 VS 3.34 VS 3.47 VS
the safety of those participating
in the public assemblies held in
freedom parks or on private
property.
4. Police officers in situations
where the victims are directly
exposed to a non-contagious
health hazard as assessed by
3.60 VS 3.40 VS 3.50 VS
authorities, immediately
evacuate them to a safe area
while waiting for the emergency
responders.
TOTAL 3.64 VS 3.34 VS 3.49 VS
44
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 9 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in terms of Public Safety Operations.

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.49, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.64 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “In the event of natural calamity and disaster, the

PNP act as the first responder in the affected area to provide area security and

support in the conduct of search, rescue, and retrieval operations to be

spearheaded by the area DRRMCs” with the mean of 3.71, followed by “Manage

and incident that could be resolved by ordinary police response without the

involvement of the Crisis Management Committee (CMC)”, “The PNP provides

assistance when requested by the leaders or organizers for maintenance of peace

and order or to ensure the safety of those participating in the public assemblies

held in freedom parks or on private property”, and “Police officers in situations

where the victims are directly exposed to a non-contagious health hazard as

assessed by authorities, immediately evacuate them to a safe area while waiting

for the emergency responders” have an assessment of Very Satisfied, with the

mean scores of 3.66, 3.60, and 3.60 respectively.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.34

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest
45
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

assessment of Very Satisfied is “Police officers in situations where the victims are

directly exposed to a non-contagious health hazard as assessed by authorities,

immediately evacuate them to a safe area while waiting for the emergency

responders” with the mean of 3.40, followed by “The PNP provides assistance

when requested by the leaders or organizers for maintenance of peace and order

or to ensure the safety of those participating in the public assemblies held in

freedom parks or on private property”, “In the event of natural calamity and

disaster, the PNP act as the first responder in the affected area to provide area

security and support in the conduct of search, rescue, and retrieval operations to

be spearheaded by the area DRRMCs”, and “Manage and incident that could be

resolved by ordinary police response without the involvement of the Crisis

Management Committee (CMC)” have and assessment of Very Satisfied, with the

mean scores of 3.34, 3.31, and 3.31 respectively.

Table 10

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Special Police Operations
Gomez St. P. Burgos St.
Indicators TOTAL
Respondent Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. Police officers ensuring safety
and security to attain the desired 3.63 VS 3.23 S 3.43 VS
objectives of the major event.
2. Plans and coordinate with
LGU in securing the very
important persons (VVIPS) and
3.71 VS 2.83 S 3.27 VS
political figures who are
potential targets of terrorists,
criminals, and protest actions.
TOTAL 3.67 VS 3.03 S 3.35 VS
46
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 10 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in terms of Special Police Operations.

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.35, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfactory.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.67 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “Plans and coordinate with LGU in securing the

very important persons (VVIPS) and political figures who are potential targets of

terrorists, criminals, and protest actions” with the mean of 3.71 and followed by

“Police officers ensuring safety and security to attain the desired objectives of the

major event” with the mean of 3.63.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.03

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator obtained the highest

assessment of Satisfied is “Police officers ensuring safety and security to attain

the desired objectives of the major event” with the mean of 3.23 and followed by

“Plans and coordinate with LGU in securing the very important persons (VVIPS)

and political figures who are potential targets of terrorists, criminals, and protest

actions” with the mean of 2.83.

47
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 11

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Investigation Operations

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. Police officers assess
whether the situation still poses
3.60 VS 3.29 VS 3.45 VS
imminent danger and call for
back up if necessary.
2. Police officers assume full
control and responsibility over
the crime scene and conduct
inquiry into the incident. If
3.63 VS 3.29 VS 3.46 VS
necessary, the Investigator on
Case (IOC) may extend the
search outside of the crime
scene.
3. Police officers respond upon
request through the Operations
Center and after the
Investigator on Case (IOC) has 3.60 VS 3.09 S 3.35 VS
already made the proper
assessment of the crime
scene.
TOTAL 3.61 VS 3.22 S 3.42 VS

Table 11 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in terms of Investigation Operations.

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.42, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.61 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest
48
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

assessment of Very Satisfied is “Police officers assume full control and

responsibility over the crime scene and conduct inquiry into the incident. If

necessary, the Investigator on Case (IOC) may extend the search outside of the

crime scene” with the mean of 3.63, followed by “Police officers assess whether

the situation still poses imminent danger and call for back up if necessary” and

“Police officers respond upon request through the Operations Center and after the

Investigator on Case (IOC) has already made the proper assessment of the crime

scene” has an assessment of Very Satisfied and with the same mean score of

3.60.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.22

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicators that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied are “Police officers assess whether the situation still

poses imminent danger and call for back up if necessary” and “Police officers

assume full control and responsibility over the crime scene and conduct inquiry

into the incident. If necessary, the Investigator on Case (IOC) may extend the

search outside of the crime scene” with the same mean of 3.29 and followed by

“Police officers respond upon request through the Operations Center and after the

Investigator on Case (IOC) has already made the proper assessment of the crime

scene” has an assessment of Satisfied, with the mean score of 3.09.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 12

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Police Community Relations

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. All personnel endeavor to
manifest a character that enables
him/ her to win the hearts and
3.71 VS 3.23 S 3.47 VS
minds of the community and strive
to establish and maintain a good
relationship with them.
2. Police Community Relations
(PCR) activities aim towards
addressing the various concerns
on peace and order and public
safety in the community. The 3.69 VS 3.26 VS 3.48 VS
proper conduct of Police
Community Relations (PCR)
activities is essential in maintaining
a positive public perception.
3. The community are well
informed about the PNP
community-based programs and 3.57 VS 3.26 VS 3.42 VS
activities to gain support and
address information gaps.
4. The PNP awareness,
organization and mobilization
efforts take into consideration the 3.63 VS 3.31 VS 3.47 VS
prevailing situation in the
community.
TOTAL 3.65 VS 3.27 VS 3.46 VS

Table 12 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in terms of Police Community Relations.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.46, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.65 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “All personnel endeavor to manifest a character

that enables him/ her to win the hearts and minds of the community and strive to

establish and maintain a good relationship with them” with the mean of 3.71,

followed by “Police Community Relations (PCR) activities aim towards addressing

the various concerns on peace and order and public safety in the community. The

proper conduct of Police Community Relations (PCR) activities is essential in

maintaining a positive public perception”, “The PNP awareness, organization and

mobilization efforts take into consideration the prevailing situation in the

community”, and “The community are well informed about the PNP community-

based programs and activities to gain support and address information gaps” has

an assessment of Very Satisfied, with the mean scores of 3.69, 3.63, and 3.57

respectively.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.27

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “The PNP awareness, organization and

mobilization efforts take into consideration the prevailing situation in the

community” with the mean of 3.31, followed by “Police Community Relations (PCR)

activities aim towards addressing the various concerns on peace and order and
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

public safety in the community. The proper conduct of Police Community Relations

(PCR) activities is essential in maintaining a positive public perception”, “The

community are well informed about the PNP community-based programs and

activities to gain support and address information gaps”, and “All personnel

endeavor to manifest a character that enables him/ her to win the hearts and minds

of the community and strive to establish and maintain a good relationship with

them” has the assessments of Very Satisfied and Satisfied, with the mean scores

3.26, 3.26, and 3.23 respectively.

Table 13

Respondents’ Assessment on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Terms of Competence and Disciplines

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. Handles the challenges
3.69 VS 3.37 VS 3.53 VS
behind the profession.
2. Models the profession in a
3.63 VS 3.17 S 3.40 VS
positive way.
3. Separates the personal life
3.63 VS 3.14 S 3.39 VS
from.
4. Embodies the vision and
3.69 VS 3.14 S 3.39 VS
mission of the organization.
TOTAL 3.66 VS 3.21 S 3.44 VS
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 13 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in terms of Competence and Discipline.

As shown in the table, the overall mean of the two groups of respondents is

3.44, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.66 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicators that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied are “Handles the challenges behind the profession”

and “Embodies the vision and mission of the organization” with the same mean of

3.69 and then followed by “Models the profession in a positive way” and “Separates

the personal life from” has an assessment of Very Satisfied, with the same mean

scores of 3.63.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.21

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

assessment of Very Satisfied is “Handles the challenges behind the profession”

with the mean of 3.37, followed by “Models the profession in a positive way”,

“Separates the personal life from”, and “Embodies the vision and mission of the

organization” has an assessment of Satisfied, with the mean scores of 3.17, 3.14,

and 3.14 respectively.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 14

Comparative Assessment of the Two Groups of Respondents on the Level

of Satisfaction on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in Parang,

Marikina in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic

Gomez St. P. Burgos St.

Indicators TOTAL
Respondents Respondents
WM VI WM VI WM VI
1. Patrol Operations 3.60 VS 3.22 S 3.41 VS
2. Law Enforcement
3.65 VS 3.28 VS 3.47 VS
Operations
3. Internal Security
3.67 VS 3.25 S 3.46 VS
Operations
4. Public Safety Operations 3.64 VS 3.34 VS 3.49 VS
5. Special Police Operations 3.67 VS 3.03 S 3.35 VS
6. Investigation Operations 3.61 VS 3.22 S 3.42 VS
7. Police Community
3.65 VS 3.27 S 3.46 VS
Relations
8. Competence and
3.66 VS 3.21 VS 3.44 VS
Discipline
TOTAL 3.64 VS 3.23 S 3.44 VS

Table 14 shows the comparative assessment of the two groups of

respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police

officers in Parang, Marikina in the time of COVID-19 Pandemic.

The overall assessment of the two groups of respondents has a grand mean

of 3.44, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

The residents of Gomez Street have the highest assessment with the grand

mean of 3.64, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied, followed by the residents of

P. Burgos Street with the grand mean of 3.23, verbally interpreted as Satisfied.

Sub-Problem no. 2

Test of significant difference between the assessment of two (2) groups of

respondents in the level of satisfaction on the job performance of the police officers

in Parang, Marikina in the time of COVID-19 Pandemic.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Table 15

Test of Significant Difference between the Assessment of the Two (2)

Groups of Respondents in the Level of Satisfaction on the Job
Performance of the Police Officers in Parang, Marikina
T-
T-
Mean Mean Mean Compu
INDICATORS -ted
Tabular Interpretation Decision
N1 N2 Diff
Value Value
1. Patrol Not Accept
3.60 3.22 0.38 0.14 1.99
Operations significant Ho
2. Law
Enforcement Not Accept
3.65 3.28 0.37 0.13 1.99
significant Ho
Operations
3. Internal
Security Not Accept
3.67 3.25 0.42 0.17 1.99
significant Ho
Operations
4. Public
Safety Not Accept
3.64 3.34 0.30 0.11 1.99
significant Ho
Operations
5. Special
Police Not Accept
3.67 3.03 0.64 0.23 1.99
significant Ho
Operations
6.Investigation Not Accept
3.61 3.22 0.39 0.14 1.99
Operations significant Ho
7. Police
Community Not Accept
3.65 3.27 0.38 0.19 1.99
significant Ho
Relations
8.Competence Not Accept
3.66 3.21 0.45 0.16 1.99
and Discipline significant Ho

Table 15 introduced the test of significant difference on the assessment of

the two (2) groups of respondents on the level of satisfaction on the job

performance of the police officers in Parang, Marikina in the Time of COVID-19

Pandemic.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

In terms of Patrol Operations, the T computed value of 0.14 is less than

the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of significance.

Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the assessment

of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.

In terms of Law Enforcement Operations, the T computed value of 0.13

is less than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of

significance. Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the

assessment of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.

In terms of Internal Security Operations, the T computed value of 0.17 is

less than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of

significance. Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the

assessment of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.

In terms of Public Safety Operations, the T computed value of 0.11 is less

than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of

significance. Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the

assessment of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.

In terms of Special Police Operations, the T computed value of 0.23 is

less than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of

significance. Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the

assessment of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.

In terms of Investigation Operations, the T computed value of 0.14 is less

than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

significance. Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the

assessment of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.

In terms of Police Community Relations, the T computed value of 0.19 is

less than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of

significance. Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the

assessment of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.

In terms of Competence and Discipline, the T computed value of 0.16 is

less than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70 degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of

significance. Hence, the results shows that there is no significant difference in the

assessment of the two groups respondents and the null hypothesis is accepted.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions, and

recommendations proposed by the researchers.

The main objective of this study is to assess the level of satisfaction on the

job performance of the police officers in Parang, Marikina in the time of COVID-19

Pandemic.

Particularly, it seeks to answer the following sub-problems:

1. What is the Level of Satisfaction of the community on the Job

Performance of Police Officers in terms of:

1.1 Patrol Operations

1.2 Law Enforcement Operations

1.3 Internal Security Operations

1.4 Public Safety Operations

1.5 Special Police operations

1.6 Investigation Operations

1.7 Police Community Operations

1.8 Competence and Discipline

2. Is there a significant difference between the assessment of the two (2)

groups of respondents in the level of satisfaction on the job performance

of police officers in-charge in the community?

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

3. Based on the findings of study, what are the recommendations and

action plan can be proposed?

Summary of Findings

After a thorough research process, the researchers arrive at the following

findings:

1. Level of Satisfaction on the Job Performance of the Police Officers in

Parang, Marikina

In terms of Patrol Operations, the overall mean of the two groups of

respondents is 3.41, verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.60

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.66 is “Police officers observe defensive driving and follow traffic rules

and regulations”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest mean of 3.51 is “Police

officers responding to police assistance related to highly infectious diseases,

immediately inform the barangay concerned and the Station TOC for the

observance of the health standard protocol”.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.22

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest mean

of 3.43 is “Police officers knowledgeable of all conditions, events, and details of

places on their beat”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest mean of 3.06 is

“Police officers observe defensive driving and follow traffic rules and regulations”.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
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In terms of Law Enforcement Operations, the overall mean is 3.47,

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.65

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.74 is “Search warrant is issued based on probable cause in connection

with the offense to be determined personally by the judge after examination under

oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses presented”, and the two

(2) indicators that obtained the lowest mean of 3.60 are “The police officer stops a

person when there is valid reason to believe, based on experiences and the

circumstances that a criminal activity may be afoot” and “All arrests are made

based on valid warrant of arrest issued by a judge, except in instances where the

law allows warrantless arrest”.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.28

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.34 is “Search warrant is issued based on probable cause in connection

with the offense to be determined personally by the judge after examination under

oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses presented”, and indicator

that obtained the lowest mean of 3.20 is “A police officers perform body frisking if

the person has been stopped with valid reason to believe that he/she carries

weapon/s and poses a threat to the police officer’s or another person’s safety”.

In terms of Internal Security Operations, the overall mean is 3.46 and

verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

On the part of the residents in P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.67

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.71 is “The PNP take the lead role in the conduct of law enforcement

operations against Terrorist Groups and other threats to national security to include

but not limited to the service of warrant of arrest, implementation of search warrant,

entrapment, and hot pursuit”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest mean of

3.63 is “Police officers conduct community organization and mobilization activities

to encourage the community to immediately report the presence and plans of

Terrorist Groups”.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.25

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest mean

of 3.29 is “The PNP take the lead role in the conduct of law enforcement operations

against Terrorist Groups and other threats to national security to include but not

limited to the service of warrant of arrest, implementation of search warrant,

entrapment, and hot pursuit”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest mean of

3.20 is “Police officers conduct community organization and mobilization activities

to encourage the community to immediately report the presence and plans of

Terrorist Groups”.

In terms of Public Safety Operations, the overall mean is 3.49 and verbally

interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.64

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest
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641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

mean of 3.71 is “In the event of natural calamity and disaster, the PNP act as the

first responder in the affected area to provide area security and support in the

conduct of search, rescue, and retrieval operations to be spearheaded by the area

DRRMCs”, and the two (2) indicators that obtained the lowest mean of 3.60 are

“The PNP provides assistance when requested by the leaders or organizers for

maintenance of peace and order or to ensure the safety of those participating in

the public assemblies held in freedom parks or on private property” and “Police

officers in situations where the victims are directly exposed to a non-contagious

health hazard as assessed by authorities, immediately evacuate them to a safe

area while waiting for the emergency responders”.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.34

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.40 is “Police officers in situations where the victims are directly exposed

to a non-contagious health hazard as assessed by authorities, immediately

evacuate them to a safe area while waiting for the emergency responders”, and

the two (2) indicators that obtained the lowest mean of 3.31 are “In the event of

natural calamity and disaster, the PNP act as the first responder in the affected

area to provide area security and support in the conduct of search, rescue, and

retrieval operations to be spearheaded by the area DRRMCs” and “Manage and

incident that could be resolved by ordinary police response without the involvement

of the Crisis Management Committee (CMC)”.

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641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

In terms of Special Police Operations, the overall mean is 3.35, verbally

interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.67

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.71 is “Plans and coordinate with LGU in securing the very important

persons (VVIPS) and political figures who are potential targets of terrorists,

criminals, and protest actions”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest mean of

3.63 is “Police officers ensuring safety and security to attain the desired objectives

of the major event”.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.03

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest mean

of 3.23 is “Police officers ensuring safety and security to attain the desired

objectives of the major event”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest mean of

2.83 is “Plans and coordinate with LGU in securing the very important persons

(VVIPS) and political figures who are potential targets of terrorists, criminals, and

protest actions”.

In terms of Investigation Operations, the overall mean is 3.42, verbally

interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.61

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.63 is “Police officers assume full control and responsibility over the

crime scene and conduct inquiry into the incident. If necessary, the Investigator on
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Case (IOC) may extend the search outside of the crime scene”, and the two (2)

indicators that obtained the lowest mean of 3.60 are “Police officers assess

whether the situation still poses imminent danger and call for back up if necessary”

and “Police officers respond upon request through the Operations Center and after

the Investigator on Case (IOC) has already made the proper assessment of the

crime scene”.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.22

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The two (2) indicators that obtained the

highest mean of 3.29 are “Police officers assess whether the situation still poses

imminent danger and call for back up if necessary” and “Police officers assume full

control and responsibility over the crime scene and conduct inquiry into the

incident. If necessary, the Investigator on Case (IOC) may extend the search

outside of the crime scene”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest mean of

3.09 is “Police officers respond upon request through the Operations Center and

after the Investigator on Case (IOC) has already made the proper assessment of

the crime scene”.

In terms of Police Community Relations, the overall mean is 3.46, verbally

interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents in P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.65

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.71 is “All personnel endeavor to manifest a character that enables him/

her to win the hearts and minds of the community and strive to establish and
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

maintain a good relationship with them”, and the indicator that obtained the lowest

mean of 3.57 is “The community are well informed about the PNP community-

based programs and activities to gain support and address information gaps”.

On the part of the residents in P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.27

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest

mean of 3.31 is “The PNP awareness, organization and mobilization efforts take

into consideration the prevailing situation in the community”, and the indicator that

obtained the lowest mean of 3.23 is “All personnel endeavor to manifest a

character that enables him/ her to win the hearts and minds of the community and

strive to establish and maintain a good relationship with them”.

In terms of Competence and Discipline, the overall mean is 3.44, verbally

interpreted as Very Satisfied.

On the part of the residents of P. Gomez Street, the overall mean is 3.66

and verbally interpreted as Very Satisfied. The two (2) indicators that obtained the

highest mean of 3.69 are “Handles the challenges behind the profession” and

“Embodies the vision and mission of the organization”, and the two (2) indicators

that obtained the lowest mean of 3.63 are “Models the profession in a positive way”

and “Separates the personal life from”.

On the part of the residents of P. Burgos Street, the overall mean is 3.21

and verbally interpreted as Satisfied. The indicator that obtained the highest mean

of 3.37 is “Handles the challenges behind the profession”, and the two (2)
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

indicators that obtained the lowest mean of 3.14 are “Separates the personal life

from” and “Embodies the vision and mission of the organization”.

2. Test of Significant Difference on the Assessment of Two (2) Groups of

Respondents on the Level of Satisfactory on the Job Performance of the

Police Officers in Parang, Marikina.

The T computed value of 0.14, 0.13, 0.17, 0.11, 0.23, 0.14, 0.19, and 0.16

for the variables (1) Patrol Operations; (2) Law Enforcement Operations; (3)

Internal Security Operations; (4) Public Safety Operations; (5) Special Police

Operations; (6) Investigation Operations; (7) Police Community Relations; and (8)

Competence and Discipline, is lesser than the T tabular value of 1.99, with 70

degrees of freedom at 0.05 level of significance. Thus, the results show that there

is no significant difference in the assessment of the two (2) groups of respondents

and the null hypothesis is accepted.

Conclusions

The following conclusions were drawn from the study.

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn:

1. The assessment of the two (2) groups of respondents on the level

satisfaction on the job performance of the police officers in Parang,

Marikina in the time of COVID-19 Pandemic is Very Satisfied.

2. The eight (8) variables as to Patrol Operations, Law Enforcement

Operations, Internal Security Operations, Public Safety Operations,

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Special Police Operations, Investigation Operations, Police Community

Relations, and Competence and Discipline has no significant difference

as assessed by the two (2) groups of respondents.

3. The proposed action plan must be implemented.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Proposed Action Plan

Objective Strategies/Activities Timeline

1. Collaborative - Organizing seminars and orientations in Long-
Engagement community to develop closer interaction term
specially during PCR Month or Police
Community Relations Month which happens
every July. This helps the community to have a
more specific and clear instruction about crime
prevention.
- Seminar/orientations that helps community to
understand the root of crime and intervene early
to reduce victimization. Seminars about
performing first aid.
2. Consistent - Annual distribution of assessment evaluation to Year-long
Community community about the performance of police / Long
Evaluation officers Term
- Barangay officials should install an isolated box
where residents can drop their assessments
- Compiling citizen complaints in every month
- Take necessary actions about the complaints
3. Well-trained - Provide trainings/orientations to barangay Once
and Effective police (tanod) about proper and clear every 3
Partner instructions in dealing with crimes within the months
(Barangay community.
Police)
4. Trusted - Building the skills of existing officers to Long-
Relationship strengthen engagement with individuals and term
with Police groups through orientation, including answering
Service questions and providing useful information.
- If necessary, less visibility of uniforms when
engaging with public since uniforms can be
experienced as a relationship barrier.
- More genuine communication with individuals-
less of an attitude of distrust, authority, and
power.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

Researchers based some of the proposed action plan on the indicators that

got the lowest mean or satisfied, as its verbal interpretation. This action plan aims

to guide or help the community and police officers in-charge to maintain their best

practices and improve their engagement and performances. The proposed

activities are targeted to do in long term for its consistency.

Recommendations

The following recommendations were drawn based on the result of the

study.

1. The barangay officials and law enforcement agency should collaborate

to develop more activities or strategies to improve relationships, greater

community engagement, and cooperation.

2. The barangay officials and law enforcement agency should implement

the proposed action plan to maintain the notably high level of service

satisfaction on the job performance of police officers of the community.

3. The researchers encourage more research studies should be

concluded in the same area to update the satisfaction level of the

community on the job performances of police officers.

4. The researchers encourage similar studies to include other areas by the

present study.
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and Sustainable Development Review, 2(2), 1-15. DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31098/tsdr.v2i2.44

WORKING, T. I. O. R. T. LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR AND JOB SATISFACTION

AS PREDICTORS OF TURNOVER INTENTION OF RADIOLOGIC

TECHNOLOGISTS WORKING IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS IN

REGION XI, PHILIPPINES. DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.33070.02885

B. Public Document

Zhang, T. H., Sun, J., & Cao, L. (2021). Education, Internet Use, and Confidence

in the Police: Testing the “Informed Citizen” Thesis in the Philippines.

Asian Journal of Criminology, 16(2), 165-182.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11417-020-09323-2

C. Public/Government Documents

Philippine National Police (2021). REVISED PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES. Directorate for Operations. Quezon

City, Philippines.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

APPENDIX ‘A’

Letter of Request to Dean, College of Criminal Justice

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

APPENDIX ‘B’

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

THE SATISFACTION LEVEL OF COMMUNITY ON THE

JOB PERFORMANCE OF POLICE OFFICERS IN

PARANG, MARIKINA DURING PANDEMIC

Dear Respondent:

This questionnaire seeks to gather the satisfaction level of community on

the job performance of police officers during pandemic.

In this regard, the researcher is requesting for your outmost cooperation

and support by answering the questions objectively and honestly as possible.

Rest assured that your answer will be treated with confidentiality.

Directions: Please put a check (/) mark on the space provided that best describe

your answer.

Part. I DEMOGRAPIC PROFILE

___ Resident of Gomez St. ___ Resident P. Burgos St.

1. Name: (Optional) ______________________________________

2. Age Group

____ 16 – 20 Years Old ____ 31-35 Years Old

____ 21- 25 Years Old ____ 36 – 40 Years Old

____ 26 – 30 Years Old ____ 41 and above Years Old

3. Sex

____ Male _____ Female

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

4. Civil Status

____ Single

____ Married

____ Widowed

5. Highest Educational Attainment

____ Elementary Graduate

____ High School Graduate

____ College Degree

____ Master’s degree

____ Doctoral Degree

____ Other, pls. specify _______

Part. II LEVEL OF SATISFACTION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE

POLICE OFFICERS

Directions: Please put a check (/) mark on the box that corresponds the level of

your satisfaction on the performance of police officers in Marikina. Use the scale

and description below.

Rating Interpretation

4 Very Satisfied (VS)

3 Satisfied (S)

2 Dissatisfied (D)

1 Very Dissatisfied (VD)

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

A. Patrol Operations 4 3 2 1

1. Police officers observe defensive driving and follow

traffic rules and regulations.

2. Police officers establish good rapport with people on

your beat and be familiar with all the people in the

community.

3. Police officers knowledgeable of all conditions,

events, and details of places on their beat.

4. Police officers keep under close observation actions

of juveniles, troublemakers/ agitators and the

mentally ill/retarded persons and report information

to the concerned agency for appropriate action.

5. Police officers responding to police assistance

related to highly infectious diseases, immediately

inform the barangay concerned and the Station TOC

for the observance of the health standard protocol.

B. Law Enforcement Operations 4 3 2 1

1. The police officer stops a person when there is valid

reason to believe, based on experiences and the

circumstances that a criminal activity may be afoot

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

2. A police officer performs body frisking if the person

has been stopped with valid reason to believe that

he/she carries weapon/s and poses a threat to the

police officer’s or another person’s safety.

3. Checkpoints are established to enforce laws, rules,

and regulations, and when there is a need to arrest a

criminal or fugitive from justice.

4. All arrests are made based on valid warrant of arrest

issued by a judge, except in instances where the law

allows warrantless arrest.

5. Search warrant is issued based on probable cause in

connection with the offense to be determined

personally by the judge after examination under oath

or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses

presented.

C. Internal Security Operations 4 3 2 1

1. The PNP take the lead role in the conduct of law

enforcement operations against Terrorist Groups

and other threats to national security to include but

not limited to the service of warrant of arrest,

implementation of search warrant, entrapment, and

hot pursuit.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

2. Police officers conduct community organization and

mobilization activities to encourage the community to

immediately report the presence and plans of

Terrorist Groups;

3. Police officers conduct of security survey and

inspection to assess defense viability.

D. Public Safety Operations 4 3 2 1

1. In the event of natural calamity and disaster, the PNP

act as the first responder in the affected area to

provide area security and support in the conduct of

search, rescue and retrieval operations to be

spearheaded by the area DRRMCs.

2. Manage and incident that could be resolved by

ordinary police response without the involvement of

the Crisis Management Committee (CMC).

3. The PNP provide assistance when requested by the

leaders or organizers for maintenance of peace and

order or to ensure the safety of those participating in

the public assemblies held in freedom parks or on

private property.

4. Police officers in situations where the victims are

directly exposed to a non-contagious health hazard

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

as assessed by authorities, immediately evacuate

them to a safe area while waiting for the emergency

responders.

E. Special Police Operations 4 3 2 1

1. Police officers ensuring safety and security to attain

the desired objectives of the major event.

2. Plans and coordinate with LGU in securing the very

very important persons (VVIPS) and political figures

who are potential targets of terrorists, criminals, and

protest actions.

F. Investigation Operations

1. Police officers assess whether the situation still

poses imminent danger and call for back up if

necessary.

2. Police officers assume full control and responsibility

over the crime scene and conduct inquiry into the

incident. If necessary, the Investigator on Case (IOC)

may extend the search outside of the crime scene.

3. Police officers respond upon request through the

Operations Center and after the Investigator on Case

(IOC) has already made the proper assessment of

the crime scene.

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

G. Police Community Relations 4 3 2 1

1. All personnel endeavor to manifest a character that

enables him/ her to win the hearts and minds of the

community and strive to establish and maintain a

good relationship with them.

2. Police Community Relations (PCR) activities aim

towards addressing the various concerns on peace

and order and public safety in the community. The

proper conduct of Police Community Relations

(PCR) activities is essential in maintaining a positive

public perception.

3. The community are well informed about the PNP

community-based programs and activities to gain

support and address information gaps;

4. The PNP awareness, organization and mobilization

efforts take into consideration the prevailing situation

in the community.

H. Competence and Discipline 4 3 2 1

1. Handles the challenges behind the profession.

2. Models the profession in a positive way.

3. Separates the personal life from

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

4. Embodies the vision and mission of the

organization.

Other, please specify

________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________.
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

APPENDIX ‘C’

PHOTO REPORT

• Gomez Street, Brgy. Parang Marikina

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila
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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

• P. Burgos Street, Brgy. Parang Marikina

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PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

CURRICULUM VITAE

Pantoja, Raphael Luis L.

Marikina City
[email protected]
om
09276682554

Educational Attainment Personal Information

Tertiary Education Date of Birth: January 16, 1999
School: Philippine College of Age: 23 years old
Criminology
Height: 5’8
Address: 641 Sales St. Sta. Cruz,
Manila Weight: 69 kg
Degree: B.S. Criminology Nationality: Filipino
School Year: 2018 – present
Religion: Roman Catholic
Senior High School Sex: Male
School: Technological Institute of the Civil Status: Single
Philippines
Occupation: N/A
Address: 938 Aurora Blvd., Cubao,
Quezon City
School Year: 2016 – 2018

Secondary Education
School: Berean Cross Point
International
Address: 34 Gen Ordonez Ave.,
Marikina
School Year: 2012 – 2016

Primary Education
School: Marist School Marikina
Address:
School Year: 2006 – 2012
1
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

CURRICULUM VITAE

Pascua, Patrick Joseph N.

Caloocan City
[email protected]
09498964543

Educational Attainment Personal Information

Tertiary Education Date of Birth: April 11, 1999
School: Philippine College of Age: 23 years old
Criminology
Address: 641 Sales St. Sta. Cruz, Height: 5’11
Manila Weight: 60 kg
Degree: B.S. Criminology Nationality: Filipino
School Year: 2018 – present
Religion: Roman Catholic
Senior High School Sex: Male
School: Metro Manila College Civil Status: Single
Address: Jordan Plaines Sub.,
Occupation: N/A
Novaliches, Quezon City
School Year: 2016 – 2018

Secondary Education
School: Holy Rosary College
Foundation
Address: Fr. Hofstee St., Tala,
Caloocan
School Year: 2012 – 2016

Primary Education
School: Holy Rosary College
Foundation
Address: Fr. Hofstee St., Tala,
Caloocan
School Year: 2006 – 2012
1
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

CURRICULUM VITAE

Matandac, Mylene G.
Makati City
[email protected]
09959878670

Educational Attainment Personal Information

Tertiary Education Date of Birth: May 19, 2000
School: Philippine College of Age: 22 years old
Criminology
Address: 641 Sales St. Sta. Cruz, Height: 5’5
Manila Weight: 70 kg
Degree: B.S. Criminology Nationality: Filipino
School Year: 2018 – present
Religion: Roman Catholic
Senior High School Sex: Female
School: Arellano University Civil Status: Single
Address: Taft Avenue. Pasay City
Occupation: N/A
School Year: 2016 – 2018

Secondary Education
School: San Isidro High School
Address: Borneo St. Makati City
School Year: 2012 – 2016

Primary Education
School: Hen.Pio Del Pilar
Elementary School
Address: 5560 P. Binay St., Makati
City
School Year: 2006 – 2012
1
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

CURRICULUM VITAE

Gilvizon, Bernard Alec Q.

Manila
[email protected]
09068745839

Educational Attainment
Tertiary Education Dagat-Dagatan, Caloocan City
School: Philippine College of School Year: 2011-2015
Criminology
Address: 641 Sales St. Sta. Cruz, School: General Emilio Aguinaldo
Manila National High School
Degree: B.S. Criminology Address: Imus, 4103 Cavite
School Year: 2019 – present School Year: 2009 – 2011

School: National College of Science Primary Education

and Technology School: Buhay na Tubig Elementary
Address: Amafel Bldg., Aguinaldo School
Hi-way Address: Buhay na Tubig St, Imus,
4114 Dasmariñas, Philippines Cavite
Degree: B.S. Criminology School Year: 2003 – 2009
School Year: 2018 – 2019
Personal Information
School: Cavite State University Imus
Address: LTO Compound, Palico 4, Date of Birth: June 01, 1997
Imus City, Cavite City Age: 24 years old
Degree: B.S. Computer Science Height: 5’8
School Year: 2015 – 2016 Weight: 84 kg
Nationality: Filipino
Secondary Education Religion: Iglesia ni Cristo
School: Macario B. Asistio Sr. High Sex: Male
School Civil Status: Single
Address: Pampano Street, Barangay Occupation: Delivery Rider
14,
1
PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
641 Sales Street sta. Cruz, Manila

CURRICULUM VITAE

Abuyog, Domingo Jr. C.

Caloocan City
[email protected]
09666252239

Educational Attainment Personal Information

Tertiary Education Date of Birth: November 1, 1997
School: Philippine College of Age: 23 years old
Criminology
Height: 5’6
Address: 641 Sales St. Sta. Cruz, Manila
Degree: B.S. Criminology Weight: 67 kg
School Year: 2018 – present Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Secondary Education
School: Florentino Torres High School Sex: Male
Address: 173-174 Tondo III, Civil Status: Single
Juan Luna St., Tondo. Manila Occupation: N/A
School Year: 2010 – 2014

Primary Education
School: Francisco Benitez
Elementary School
Address: 134 Solis St., Tondo, Manila
School Year: 2004 – 2010