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Online Quiz Management Systems

The Online Quiz Management System (OQMS) is a web-based application designed to automate the process of conducting quizzes and assessments, enhancing efficiency and accessibility for both educators and learners. Key features include user authentication, quiz management, automatic scoring, and performance tracking, making it suitable for educational institutions and online learning platforms. The project report details the system's objectives, technologies used, and its structured design, aiming to minimize manual intervention and improve the overall quiz experience.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views

Online Quiz Management Systems

The Online Quiz Management System (OQMS) is a web-based application designed to automate the process of conducting quizzes and assessments, enhancing efficiency and accessibility for both educators and learners. Key features include user authentication, quiz management, automatic scoring, and performance tracking, making it suitable for educational institutions and online learning platforms. The project report details the system's objectives, technologies used, and its structured design, aiming to minimize manual intervention and improve the overall quiz experience.

Uploaded by

23urcs107
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ONLINE QUIZ

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
R AAKASH (REG.NO:953723104001)
K HARI KRISHNA(REG.NO:953723104040)
M AKASH PANDIYAN (REG.NO:953723104008)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree


of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

AAA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY


SIVAKASI
ANNA UNIVERSITY:: CHENNAI 600 025 MAY
2025
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “ONLINE QUIZ


MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” is the Bonafide work of
“R AAKASH (REG.NO:953723104001), K HARI KRISHNA
REG.NO:953723104040) ,M AKASH PANDIYAN
(REG.NO:953723104008) Who carried out the project work
under my supervision. Certified further that to the best of my
knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of any
other thesis or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or
award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other
candidate.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Dr. J. Hemalatha, M.E., Ph.D., Ms. K. Anuradha, M.E.,
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISIOR
Professor Assistant Professor
Computer Science & Engineering Computer Science & Engineering
AAA College of Engg. & Tech., AAA College of Engg. & Tech., Sivakasi - 626
005 Sivakasi - 626 005
Virudhunagar District Virudhunagar District
Submitted for the project viva-voce examination to be held on

ii
EXTERNAL EXAMINAR

ii
INTERNAL EXAMINAR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we praise and thank “The Almighty”, the lord of
all creations, who by his abundant grace has sustained us and helped us to
work on this project successfully.
We really find unique pleasure and immense gratitude in thanking our
respected management members, who is the backbone of our college.
A deep bouquet of thanks to respected Principal Dr. M. Sekar, M.E.,
Ph.D., for having provided the facilities required for our project.
We sincerely thank our Head of the Department Dr. J. Hemalatha,
M.E., Ph.D., Professor & Head, Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, for her guidance and support throughout the project.
We extremely thank our project coordinator Ms. K. Anuradha, M.E.,
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
who inspired us and supported us throughout the project.
We also thank our guide Ms. K. Anuradha, M.E., Assistant
Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering for her
valuable guidance and it is great privilege to express our gratitude to her.

We extend our heartfelt thanks and profound gratitude to all the


faculty members of Computer Science and Engineering department for their
kind help during our project work.
We also thank our parents and our friends who had been
providing us with constant support during the course of the project work

iii
ABSTRACT

The Online Quiz Management System (OQMS) is a


streamline and dynamic web-based application developed to
automate and manage process of conducting quizzes and
assessments. It acts as a digital platform designed to simplify the
creation, administration, and evaluation of quizzes for students and
learners. The primary objective of the system is to minimize manual
intervention, reduce errors in evaluation, and enhance the
accessibility and efficiency of conducting tests. The system enables
the creation of multiple-choice questions, categorization by topic or
difficulty level, and automatic score calculation upon submission.
Key features include user authentication, question randomization,
time-bound quizzes, score tracking, and a leaderboard for
competitive assessment. It supports storing and retrieving user
scores, ensuring accurate performance records and enabling
academic monitoring over time. By automating the entire quiz
process the system reduces administrative workload and provides a
scalable solution suitable for schools, colleges, universities, and
online learning platforms. The OQMS offers role-based functionality,
allowing administrators to manage questions and results, while users
can participate in quizzes and view their performance.

iv
PAGE NO
iv
vi
vii
S.NO

1
TABLE OF CONTENT 2

TITLE 2
1. ABSTRACT 2
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 3
LIST OF FIGURES 5
INTRODUCTION 6
1.1 Overview
1.2 Aim 7
1.3 Description 7
1.4 Technologies used
1.5 Languages used 8
1.6 Key features 9
2. 1.7 Modules used
LITERATURE REVIEW 10
2.1 Existing system 10
2.2 Proposed system
3.
SYSTEM DESIGN 11
3.1 System Architecture 12
3.2 Description
SYSTEM REQUIREMENT 17
4.
4.1 Hardware Requirement 18
4.2 Software Requirement 23
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
5. 5.1 System environment
RESULTS

6. CONCLUSION

7. 7.1 conclusion
APPENDIX
REFERENCES

v
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
HTML - HyperText Markup Language

CSS - Cascading Style Sheets

JS - JavaScript

PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor

SQL - Structured Query Language

DBMS - Database Management System

UI - User Interface

UX - User Experience

HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol

XAMPP - Cross-platform Apache, MySQL, PHP, Perl

IDE - Integrated Development Environment


CRUD - Create, Read, Update, Delete

vi
LIST OF FIGURES PAGE NO

TITLE 8

MODULES USED IN THIS SYSTEM 12

LOGIN PAGE FOR GETTING USER ID 13

QUESTIONS WHICH USER NEED TO ANSWER

VIEWING LEADERBOARD FOR PERFORMANCE 14

ANALYSIS 15

16

FIG NO

3.1

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4
6.5 IMPLEMENTING SQL QUERIES IN PHPMYADMIN

VIEWING DATABASE IN PHPMYADMIN

vii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 OVERVIEW

An Online Quiz Management System (OQMS) is a web-based


application designed to conduct, manage, and automate online quizzes and
assessments. It simplifies the process of quiz creation, question
management, score evaluation, and performance tracking for both
educators and learners. Traditional quiz methods involved manual question
distribution, paper-based assessments, and time- consuming evaluation.
OQMS digitizes this entire workflow, offering a fast, efficient, and scalable
solution. The system typically includes functionalities like user
registration, quiz creation, randomization of questions, automatic scoring,
and real-time leaderboard generation. It can be implemented in schools,
colleges, training institutes,and online learning platforms to conduct
academic assessments and practice tests effectively. By automating the
quiz process, OQMS reduces manual effort, eliminates evaluation errors,
and improves the experience for both administrators and users.

1
1.2 AIM

To develop an Online Quiz Management System that


provides a flexible and interactive platform for users to take
quizzes, and for administrators to manage quiz content and results
efficiently using database-driven web technologies.

1.3 DESCRIPTION

1. User Registration and Login: Users can register with their


email and password, and log in to access quiz functionality.
2. Quiz Management: Administrators can add, update, and
delete quizzes, including question, options, and correct answers.
3. Borrowing Management: Users can take quizzes with a set
number of questions, and scores are calculated automatically on
submission.
4. Score Tracking and Leaderboard: User scores are stored in
the database, and a leaderboard displays top scores in real time.

1.4 TECHNOLOGIES USED

1. Front-end: HTML, CSS, JavaScript


2. Back-end: PHP (or other server-side programming
language)
3. Database: MySQL (or other relational database
management system)

2
1.5 LANGUAGES USED

1. HTML/CSS/JavaScript: Used for developing the front-


end interface, ensuring responsive and interactive user experiences.
2. Python (Optional): Can be used with frameworks like
Flask or Django for backend logic if a more flexible environment is
desired.
3. PHP: A widely used server-side scripting language for
building dynamic quiz functionality and integrating with MySQL.
4. MySQL: A relational database used to store quiz questions,
user credentials, and quiz results securely and efficiently.

1.5.1 PHP

PHP is a popular server-side scripting language known for its


simplicity and versatility. It allows developers to create dynamic web
applications by embedding PHP code within HTML. With its vast
array of libraries and frameworks, PHP provides a robust foundation
for developing the online shopping system. It enables seamless
integration with databases, facilitates data processing, and supports
various web-related tasks, such as form handling, session
management, and user authentication.

3
1.5.2 SQL

SQL is a standard language used for managing relational


databases. It provides a powerful and efficient way to interact with
data stored in tables. Using SQL queries, developers can create,
retrieve, update, and delete records, define relationships between
tables, and optimize database operations. SQL ensures data integrity,
enables efficient data retrieval through joins, and offers advanced
features such as views, triggers, and stored procedures, allowing for
complex data manipulation and management.

1.5.3 HTML/CSS

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the fundamental


language for creating the structure and content of web pages. It
provides a set of tags and attributes to define elements such as
headings, paragraphs, links, images, and forms. CSS (Cascading
Style Sheets) complements HTML by controlling the visual
presentation of web pages, including layout, colors, fonts, and
animations. HTML and CSS work together to create an engaging and
visually appealing user interface for the online shopping system.

1.5.4 JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript is a versatile programming language primarily


used for adding interactivity to web pages. It runs on the client-side,
allowing developers to manipulate page elements, handle events,
validate user input, and make asynchronous requests to servers.
JavaScript enhances the user experience of the online shopping
system by enabling dynamic content updates, form validation, and
interactive features such as image sliders, dropdown menus, and
product filtering.

4
1.5.5 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

JavaScript is a versatile programming language primarily


used for adding interactivity to web pages. It runs on the client-side,
allowing developers to manipulate page elements, handle events,
validate user input, and make asynchronous requests to servers.
JavaScript enhances the user experience of the online shopping
system by enabling dynamic content updates, form validation, and
interactive features such as image sliders, dropdown menus, and
product filtering.
A DBMS is software that manages databases, enabling users to
store, retrieve, and manipulate data efficiently. It acts as an
intermediary between users and the database, ensuring data integrity,
security, and accessibility.

1.6 KEY FEATURES

1. Data Storage: Organizes and stores data in a structured


manner.

2. Data Retrieval: Allows users to query and retrieve data using


languages like SQL.
3. Data Integrity: Ensures data accuracy and consistency through
constraints and validation rules.
4. Security: Provides access control and protection against
unauthorized access.
5. Backup and Recovery: Supports data backup and recovery
mechanisms to prevent data loss.
5

1.7 MODULES USED

1. User Authentication Module Handles user registration and login. Ensures


role-based access (Admin/Student).

2. Quiz Management Module Allows admin to create, update, and delete


quizzes. Define quiz titles, questions, options, and correct answers.

3. Question Bank Module Stores all quiz questions in an organized format.


Supports multiple question types (MCQs, true/false, etc.).

4. Quiz Participation Module Enables users to participate in quizzes.


Manages quiz timers and question navigation.

5. Result Evaluation Module Calculates scores based on user answers.


Displays results immediately or stores them for later review.

6. Result & Report Module Allows users and admin to view performance
reports. Admin can generate quiz statistics and student performance
analytics.

7. Database Management Module Handles storage and retrieval of all


system data using SQL/MySQL. Ensures data integrity and relational
consistency.

8. Admin Dashboard Module Centralized control panel for managing


quizzes, users, and reports. Provides insights and controls for system-
wide operations.
6
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 EXISTING SYSTEM

Manual Quiz Process: Traditional quiz/exam systems are paper-


based, requiring significant time and effort for question preparation,
distribution, evaluation, and result declaration.

Common Issues: Time-consuming evaluations, High chances of


human error, Lack of instant feedback, Risk of paper loss or damage,
No centralized data management.

2.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Automated Quiz Management: The Online Quiz Management


System provides a digital platform where administrators/instructors can
create, manage, and evaluate quizzes efficiently.

Core Features: User registration and authentication, Quiz creation


with different question types (MCQs, true/false, etc.), Timed quizzes with
automatic submission, Real-time result calculation and feedback, Admin
dashboard for managing users, questions and scores.

7
CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DESIGN
3.1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Figure 3.1 Modules Used in this System


8

3.2 DESCRIPTION

The flowchart for the Online Quiz Management System illustrates the
complete workflow of the application, beginning from the user's entry point
and ending with system logout. Initially, users access the system through a
login interface, where they are required to enter their credentials.

The system validates the login information and determines the user
role—either as an administrator or a student. Based on the role, the user is
directed to the appropriate module. If the user is an admin, they are
redirected to the admin dashboard where they can perform tasks such as
adding new quiz questions, modifying or deleting existing ones, and viewing
quiz results and user performance reports.

On the other hand, if the user is a student, they are taken to the quiz
interface, where they can select and participate in available quizzes. The quiz
interface typically includes a time limit and multiple-choice questions. After
completing the quiz, the student submits their responses, and the system
instantly evaluates the answers using a predefined answer key stored in the
database.

The score is calculated and can be displayed to the user immediately.


Additionally, the system may update a leaderboard to showcase top
performers. Finally, the user has the option to log out or exit the system,
completing the process flow. This structured sequence ensures a smooth and
automated experience for both administrators and participants.
9
CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

1. PROCESSOR(CPU): Intel Core i5


2. RAM (MEMORY): 16 GB
3. HARD DISK(STORAGE): 512 GB SSD 15.6”
4. MONITOR: FHD 144HZ
5. KEYBOARD & MOUSE: Standard
6. INTERNET: Broadband connection for hosting / use

4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

1. OPERATING SYSTEM: Windows 11


2. FRONT-END TECHNOLOGIES: HTML, CSS, JavaScript
3. BACK-END TECHNOLOGIES: PHP
4. DATABASE: SQL
5. WEB SERVER: XAMPP / Apache / MySQL
6. BROWSER: Chrome / Firefox / Edge 7. CODE EDITOR: VS Code

10
CHAPTER 5
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

5.1 SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT

The Online Quiz Management System operates within a well-defined


system environment that facilitates both development and execution of the
application. The development is primarily conducted on Windows 10/11
operating systems using Visual Studio Code (VS Code) as the preferred code
editor, providing support for HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP.

The system utilizes the XAMPP server stack, which includes Apache
for hosting the application, MySQL for managing the backend database, and PHP
for handling server-side logic. The database is managed through phpMyAdmin,
offering a user-friendly interface for creating tables and running queries.

The application’s frontend is built using HTML5, CSS3, and


JavaScript to ensure responsive and interactive user interfaces. During runtime,
the system is accessed through modern web browsers such as Google Chrome,
Mozilla Firefox, or Microsoft Edge.

The application is hosted locally on localhost, allowing for testing


and usage without requiring an internet connection. This environment ensures
efficient development, smooth execution, real-time data interaction, and
scalability for future enhancements.

11
Figure 6.2 Questions Which User Need to Answer

Figure 1.3 showcases the question page in the Online Quiz Management
System is the core component where users interact with the quiz content. After
successful login, users are redirected to this page to take the quiz. It displays a
set of questions, typically multiple-choice, pulled dynamically from the database.
Each question is presented with four options, from which the user can select one
as their answer. The page is designed with a clean and responsive layout to ensure
ease of use across devices. A timer is often included to enforce time-bound
quizzes, creating a more exam-like experience. The logic behind the page may
include automatic progression to the next question, or users may be allowed to
navigate between questions freely. Once all answers are selected, users can
submit the quiz using a "Submit" button. On submission, the system evaluates
the responses in real time, calculates the score based on predefined correct
answers, and stores the result in the database for leaderboard tracking or result
analysis. The question page ensures fair assessment, smooth user interaction, and
instant performance feedback.

13
Figure 6.3 Viewing Leaderboard for performance Analysis

Figure 1.4 showcases the leaderboard page in the Online Quiz Management
System is designed to display the performance rankings of users based on their
quiz scores. After a user submits their quiz, their name and score are stored in
the database and reflected on this page in real time. The leaderboard typically
lists users in descending order of their scores, highlighting top performers at the
top of the table. It may also include additional information such as submission
time or rank position. This page not only adds a competitive element to the quiz
system but also provides transparency and motivation for users to improve their
performance. The leaderboard is dynamically generated using data fetched from
the backend database, often through AJAX or fetch API calls, and rendered using
HTML and JavaScript. It plays a vital role in educational and training
environments where tracking user progress and recognizing achievement is
essential. The page is designed to be visually clean, easy to read, and responsive,
making it accessible across various devices.

14
Figure 6.4 Implementing SQL Queries in phpMyAdmin

Figure 1.5 showcases Viewing database queries in phpMyAdmin is


an essential part of managing and verifying the backend functionality of the
Online Quiz Management System. phpMyAdmin provides a graphical
interface for interacting with the MySQL database, allowing developers or
administrators to run SQL queries, inspect table structures, and view stored
data without using the command line. In the context of the quiz system,
phpMyAdmin can be used to view entries in the scores table, which stores
each user's name, score, and the timestamp of their quiz submission. By
accessing the “Browse” tab within a selected table, users can visually inspect
all the rows of data-useful for checking whether quiz results are being
properly recorded.
15

Figure 6.5 Viewing Database in phpMyAdmin

Figure 1.6 showcases Viewing the database in phpMyAdmin provides a


clear and user-friendly way to manage and inspect the backend structure and
data of the Online Quiz Management System. Once logged into
phpMyAdmin through a local server environment like XAMPP, users can
view a list of all available databases on the left sidebar. By clicking on the
relevant database (e.g., quiz_app), users can see all the tables associated with
the application, such as scores or users. Within a table, the "Browse" tab
allows users to view stored records in a tabular format. This is especially
useful for verifying whether user scores, usernames, and quiz timestamps
are being stored correctly after quiz submission. The "Structure" tab
provides details about each column in the table, such as data types, keys, and
constraints, helping developers understand how data is organized and
validated.
16

CHAPTER 7

CONCLUSION

7.1 CONCLUSION

The Online Quiz Management System has been


successfully developed to provide an efficient and interactive platform
for conducting quizzes digitally. By implementing DBMS concepts
and integrating web technologies, the system enables seamless quiz
creation, participation, and evaluation.

It not only reduces manual work but also enhances


user engagement and performance tracking. The project effectively
demonstrates the use of dynamic web development and database
connectivity in building real-time applications for educational
purposes.
17

APPENDIX
#HTML & CSS FOR LOGIN PAGE

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Login form</title>
<style>
.pro1{ border:10px; padding:80px;
margin: auto; text-align:center;
background-
color:rgb(230,230,230);
height:100%; width: 190px; border-
radius: 50px; flex:1;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgb(243,3,3);
}
#submit{ background-color:
aqua; width: 159px;
}
#sv{ background-color:
white;
color: firebrick;
}
#h4{
color:blue;
}
#lb{
width:200px;
height:200px;
} html,body{
height:280px;
18
margin:0;
display:flex; flex-
direction:column;
margin-top: 30px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body bgcolor="black">
<div class="pro1">
<table align="center" valign="middle">
<tr>
<h2 style="color:darkred;"
align=center><u>Login</u></h2>
<td>
<div bgcolor="black">
<form>
<label id="lb">Gmail Id</label>
<input id="sv" type="email"
name="username" placeholder="Enter
Gmail"><br><br>
<label id="lb">PASSWORD</label>
<input id="sv" type="password"
name="password" placeholder="Enter
Password"><br><br>
<input align=center id="submit"
type="button" value="Login"
onclick="loginRedirect()">
</form>
</div>
</table>
</div>
<script> function
loginRedirect(){ const
username=document.querySelector('input[name="user
name"]').value;
if(username.trim()===""){ alert("Please
enter your Gmail ID"); return;
}
19

21
localStorage.setItem("quiz_user",username);
window.location.href="index.html";
</script>
</body>
</html>

#HTML & CSS FOR QUIZ PAGE

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Online Quiz App</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="quiz-container" id="quiz">
<h2 id="question">Question text</h2>
<ul>
<li><button class="option-btn"
onclick="selectAnswer(this)"></button></li>
<li><button class="option-btn"
onclick="selectAnswer(this)"></button></li>
<li><button class="option-btn"
onclick="selectAnswer(this)"></button></li>
<li><button class="option-btn"
onclick="selectAnswer(this)"></button></li>
</ul>
<button id="nextBtn"
onclick="nextQuestion()">Next</button>
<div id="result" class="hide">
<h3>Your score: <span
id="score"></span></h3>

23
</div>
20
<button style="background-color: yellow;"
onclick="window.location.href='leaderboard.html
'"
>View Leaderboard</button>
</div>
<script src="script.js"> const
user=localStorage.getItem("quiz_user");
if(!user){
window.location.href="login.html";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

#USING SQL FOR QUIZ LEADERBOARD

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS quiz_app;


USE quiz_app;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS scores ( id INT
AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, username
VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, score INT NOT NULL,
created_at timestamp default
current_timestamp
);

#PHP FOR GETTING QUIZ SCORES


<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'quiz_app';
$user = 'root';
$pass = '';
$conn = new mysqli($host, $user, $pass, $db);
if ($conn->connect_error) { die("Connection
failed: " . $conn-
>connect_error);
}
$sql = "SELECT username, score FROM scores ORDER
25
BY score DESC, created_at ASC LIMIT 10";
$result = $conn->query($sql);
$scores = [];
while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
$scores[] = $row;
}
echo json_encode($scores);
$conn->close();
?>

#PHP FOR SAVING QUIZ SCORES

<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'quiz_app';
$user = 'root';
$pass = '';
$conn = new mysqli($host, $user, $pass, $db);
if ($conn->connect_error) { die("Connection
failed: " . $conn-
>connect_error);
} $data =
json_decode(file_get_contents("php://input")
);
$username = $conn->real_escape_string($data-
>username);
$score = intval($data->score);
$sql = "INSERT INTO scores (username, score)
VALUES ('$username', $score)"; if ($conn-
>query($sql) === TRUE) { echo
json_encode(["message" => "Score saved
successfully"]);
} else { echo json_encode(["message" =>
"Error: " .
$conn->error]);
}

27
$conn->close();
?>
REFERENCES

1. MDN Web Docs – https://developer.mozilla.org


MDN Web Docs provided in-depth technical documentation and browser
compatibility details that were essential for writing standards-compliant code.
It was used extensively to understand DOM manipulation, local storage, form
validation, and best practices in structuring and styling modern web
applications using CSS Grid and Flexbox.

2. MySQL Documentation – https://dev.mysql.com/doc/


The MySQL official documentation was critical in setting up the backend
database. It offered comprehensive guidance on creating databases and
tables, writing optimized SQL queries, managing primary keys and foreign
keys, and ensuring data integrity. This helped in structuring the quiz_app
database and designing the scores table effectively.

3. PHP Manual – https://www.php.net/manual/en/


The PHP Manual was instrumental in building the server-side logic of the
system.
It provided accurate syntax and usage examples for database connection,
handling POST requests, and working with JSON data. Additionally, it was
helpful in implementing session management and securing form submissions.

4. Stack Overflow – https://stackoverflow.com


Stack Overflow acted as a valuable tsroubleshooting resource throughout the
project. It offered practical solutions to real-world coding errors and provided
insight into common development challenges. Issues such as fetch API errors,
CORS problems, and form submission bugs were resolved through answers
and discussions found on the platform.
29

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