Community Health Planning

Answers

1. What is the primary goal of planning in the context of community

health interventions?

A. To avoid setting priorities and address all health concerns simultaneously.

B. To determine which identified health concerns require more immediate

consideration.
C. To immediately implement solutions to all identified health concerns.

D. To create a comprehensive list of all possible health interventions.

Answer: To determine which identified health concerns require more

immediate consideration. (B)
Effective planning helps prioritize health concerns based on their urgency and
impact, ensuring that resources are allocated efficiently.

2. According to WHO criteria, which factor is essential when setting

priorities in community health?

A. The significance of the problem and community awareness.

B. The preferences of healthcare providers.

C. The ease of implementing interventions.

D. The number of complaints received from community members.

Answer: The significance of the problem and community awareness. (A)

WHO criteria emphasize the importance of addressing significant health
problems that the community is also aware of to ensure relevance and
engagement.
3. When formulating goals and objectives for community health
interventions, what does the acronym SMART represent?

A. Strategic, methodical, adaptable, realistic, and tested.

B. Simple, manageable, achievable, relevant, and timely.

C. Specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound.

D. Sustainable, meaningful, applicable, repeatable, and transparent.

Answer: Specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound. (C)

SMART goals ensure that objectives are well-defined, trackable, and realistic
within a specific timeframe, enhancing the likelihood of success.

4. What should a group consider when deciding on community

interventions?

A. The reasons behind people's health behavior and strategies to address

underlying causes.
B. The intervention that has worked in a similar community.

C. The intervention that is cheapest to implement.

D. The interventions preferred by external funding agencies.

Answer: The reasons behind people's health behavior and strategies to

address underlying causes. (A)
Effective community interventions should be tailored to address the specific
reasons behind health behaviors, ensuring relevance and effectiveness.
5. In the context of implementing community health interventions,
what is the role of a nurse?

A. To directly implement all planned interventions without assistance.

B. To facilitate the process rather than directly implement the planned

interventions.

C. To independently assess and revise intervention plans.

D. To delegate tasks to community health workers.

Answer: To facilitate the process rather than directly implement the

planned interventions. (B)
Nurses play a crucial role in facilitating community health interventions by
providing guidance and support to the community.

6. What does community organizing (CO) primarily aim to do?

A. To instill and reinforce self-confidence in people's collective strength and

capabilities.

B. To provide direct services to resolve community problems.

C. To manage the distribution of resources within a community.

D. To implement government-mandated health programs.

Answer: To instill and reinforce self-confidence in people's collective

strength and capabilities. (A)
Community organizing focuses on empowering community members to
recognize and utilize their own strengths to address their problems.
7. Which of the following is a goal of community organizing?

A. To develop a self-reliant community.

B. To minimize community involvement in decision-making.

C. To enforce strict adherence to external guidelines.

D. To create dependency on external resources.

Answer: To develop a self-reliant community. (A)

A key goal of community organizing is to foster self-reliance, enabling

communities to address their needs independently.

8. Which principle is central to community organizing?

A. Centralized decision-making.

B. Resource dependency.

C. Top-down implementation.

D. People-centered approach.

Answer: People-centered approach. (D)

Community organizing is firmly rooted in the belief that people are the means
and ends of development, emphasizing empowerment at the community level.

9. What is a key aspect of the 'participative' principle in community

organizing?

A. The participation of the community in the entire process, from

assessment to evaluation.

B. The delegation of tasks to external experts.

C. The exclusive involvement of community leaders.

D. The reliance on pre-determined solutions.

Answer: The participation of the community in the entire process, from

assessment to evaluation. (A)

Community organizing thrives on community input at every stage to ensure that

the interventions are relevant, appropriate, and sustainable.
10. Why is the 'democratic' principle important in community
organizing?

A. It streamlines decision-making through hierarchical structures.

B. It allows a select few to make decisions for the community.

C. It empowers the majority to recognize, analyze, and articulate their

aspirations.
D. It centralizes power within the organizing body.

Answer: It empowers the majority to recognize, analyze, and articulate

their aspirations. (C)

The democratic principle ensures equal participation and voice for all members,
facilitating collective problem-solving and empowerment.

11. What does the 'developmental' principle in community

organizing aim to achieve?

A. Changing current undesirable conditions through community-led

initiatives.

B. Maintaining the status quo.

C. Focusing solely on short-term gains.

D. Imposing external changes on the community.

Answer: Changing current undesirable conditions through community-led

initiatives. (A)

The developmental principle focuses on long-term, sustainable changes driven

by the community’s aspirations and collective efforts.
12. Why is community organizing considered 'process-oriented'?

A. Because it focuses on following rigid procedures regardless of community

needs.

B. Because organizers can achieve goals quickly by cutting corners.

C. Because it prioritizes immediate results over long-term empowerment.

D. Because its goals of empowerment and development are achieved

through a structured process of change.

Answer: Because its goals of empowerment and development are achieved

through a structured process of change. (D)
Community organizing’s process-oriented nature ensures that goals are reached
through systematic and community-driven steps.

13. During the 'pre-entry' phase of community organizing, what is a

key task for the organizer?

A. Implementing interventions immediately.

B. Choosing a community for partnership and preparing for engagement.

C. Assuming leadership roles within the community.

D. Dictating the goals of community activities.

Answer: Choosing a community for partnership and preparing for

engagement. (B)
Preparation and community selection during the pre-entry phase are essential
for successful and appropriate interventions.
14. What should an organizer prioritize during the 'entry phase' of
community organizing?

A. Immediately implementing solutions.

B. Formalizing the start of the organizing process and getting to know the
community.
C. Enforcing strict rules and regulations.

D. Isolating themselves from community dynamics.

Answer: Formalizing the start of the organizing process and getting to

know the community. (B)

The entry phase focuses on building trust and understanding, which forms the
foundation for effective collaboration and community engagement.

15. What does 'pakikipamuhay' refer to in the context of community

integration?

A. A technique for enforcing strict community rules.

B. A strategy for avoiding community involvement.

C. A method of isolating community members.

D. Integration with the people by establishing rapport and sharing their

experiences.

Answer: Integration with the people by establishing rapport and sharing

their experiences. (D)
'Pakikipamuhay' emphasizes the importance of building strong relationships by
immersing oneself in the community’s daily life and experiences.
16. According to Manalili (1990), which integration style involves an
organizer visiting the community as per the schedule but failing to
transcend the 'guest' status?

A. Immersed style.

B. Boarder style.

C. Now you see, now you don't style.

D. Elitist style.

Answer: Now you see, now you don't style. (C)

The 'Now you see, now you don't' style refers to superficial engagement without
genuine integration into the community.

17. Which of the following activities is essential in community

integration?

A. Avoiding direct involvement in community life.

B. Isolating oneself to observe objectively.

C. Participating in social activities and lending a hand in household chores.

D. Enforcing pre-determined rules and guidelines.

Answer: Participating in social activities and lending a hand in household

chores. (C)
Active participation and involvement in daily life are crucial for building trust
and understanding within the community.
18. What is the purpose of 'social analysis' in community
organizing?

A. To impose external values on the community.

B. To gain an extensive understanding of community conditions and

determine the root cause of problems.
C. To avoid addressing complex problems.

D. To maintain the status quo.

Answer: To gain an extensive understanding of community conditions and

determine the root cause of problems. (B)
Social analysis is critical for identifying and addressing the underlying issues
affecting a community, ensuring effective and sustainable interventions.

19. Which aspect is considered when identifying potential leaders in

a community?

A. Their willingness to enforce strict rules.

B. Their expression of belief in the need to change the current undesirable

situation.
C. Their individual wealth and status.

D. Their ability to avoid community involvement.

Answer: Their expression of belief in the need to change the current

undesirable situation. (B)

Identifying leaders who are committed to change and have the community's
trust is crucial for successful community organizing.
20. What is the main goal of 'Core Group Formation' in community
organizing?

A. To ensure the presence of external experts.

B. To centralize decision-making.

C. To maintain a hierarchical structure.

D. To bring together advanced indigenous leaders identified during

preliminary social investigation stages.

Answer: To bring together advanced indigenous leaders identified during

preliminary social investigation stages. (D)

Core group formation empowers community members to steer their

development, ensuring local ownership and sustainability.

21. What should a community organization possess if it decides to

formalize?

A. A strict adherence to external guidelines.

B. A hierarchical structure with limited community input.

C. A reliance on external funding and resources.

D. An organizational name and structure, and a set of officers recognized by

the community.

Answer: An organizational name and structure, and a set of officers

recognized by the community. (D)
Formalization helps the community take ownership and sustain their initiatives,
promoting self-governance and continuous development.
22. What does the 'Action/Mobilization Phase' in community
organizing primarily involve?

A. Implementing the community's planned programs and projects to

address identified issues.
B. Avoiding community involvement.

C. Maintaining the status quo.

D. Enforcing strict rules and regulations.

Answer: Implementing the community's planned programs and projects to

address identified issues. (A)
The Action/Mobilization phase marks the practical implementation of
community-driven solutions, addressing the identified needs and concerns.

23. During the 'Evaluation Phase,' what key questions should be

asked?

A. Did we prepare well, go to the right person, overestimate our strengths

and what did we learn?
B. Did we rely solely on external resources?

C. Did we avoid community involvement?

D. Did we maintain strict rules and regulations?

Answer: Did we prepare well, go to the right person, overestimate our

strengths and what did we learn? (A)
Thoughtful evaluation helps refine strategies, build on successes, and promote
accountability, ensuring continuous improvement.
24. What indicates 'Readiness for Exit' during the 'Exit and
Expansion Phase' of community organizing?

A. Internal conflicts and lack of progress.

B. High levels of dependency on external support.

C. Attainment of the set goals and demonstration of the capacity to lead the
community in dealing with common issues.
D. Achieving short-term gains only.

Answer: Attainment of the set goals and demonstration of the capacity to

lead the community in dealing with common issues. (C)

Readiness for Exit signifies the community’s self-sufficiency and sustainable

development, which is the ultimate goal of community organizing.

25. What is the primary purpose of Community Organizing

Participatory Action Research (COPAR)?

A. To impose external solutions on the community.

B. To promote community development through participatory action,

systematically analyzing the situation, planning a solution, and
implementing it.

C. To centralize power within the organizing body.

D. To promote dependency on external resources.

Answer: To promote community development through participatory action,

systematically analyzing the situation, planning a solution, and
implementing it. (B)
COPAR is designed to empower community members to take control of their
development through collaborative research and problem-solving.
26. When Monitoring and Evaluating Community Health Programs
Implemented, what aspects might evaluation approaches focus on?

A. Top-down management

B. Cost Reduction

C. Structure, process, and outcome

D. Implementation speed

Answer: Structure, process, and outcome (C)

Evaluating the structure, process, and outcome of a health program considers
the resources available, how the program is carried out, and what results are
achieved.

27. What does 'Structure Evaluation' involve when Monitoring and

Evaluating Community Health Programs?

A. Examining a community's financial status.

B. Looking into the manpower and physical resources of the agency

responsible for community health interventions.
C. Analyzing how a policy affects a community.

D. Ignoring the effects of government intervention.

Answer: Looking into the manpower and physical resources of the agency
responsible for community health interventions. (B)
To properly asses the structure and efficacy of a Community Health Program, it
is important to understand the resources committed to it.
28. What is the emphasis of Process Evaluation?

A. Highlighting what actions were not performed in a plan.

B. Examining the manner by which assessment, diagnosis, planning,

implementation and evaluation were undertaken
C. Discoveries a community has made.

D. Analyzing community intervention effects.

Answer: Examining the manner by which assessment, diagnosis, planning,

implementation and evaluation were undertaken (B)

Process evaluation allows for insight into the practical and strategic aspects of
Community Health Program assessment.

29. Which of the following options is the most accurate description

of Outcome Evaluation?

A. Ignoring how Community Health Programs operate.

B. Determining the degree of attainment of goals and objectives.

C. Accurately planning for future projects.

D. Managing to stay under-budget.

Answer: Determining the degree of attainment of goals and objectives. (B)

Outcome evaluation provides a review of Community Health programs at their
conclusion, an important step for future planning.
30. In what way does Formative Evaluation improve Community
Health Programs?

A. Giving more power to the program leaders.

B. Judgement made about effectiveness of nursing interventions as they are

implemented.
C. Judgements about intervention performance.

D. Through consistent intervention.

Answer: Judgement made about effectiveness of nursing interventions as

they are implemented. (B)

Formative evaluation contributes to improvements on a Community Health

initiative by refining strategic objectives.

31. What is the purpose of Summative Evaluation?

A. Taking actions that are not aligned with the community.

B. Ignoring feedback from the community.

C. Determining the end results of family nursing care.

D. Improving nursing implementation.

Answer: Determining the end results of family nursing care. (C)

Summative Evaluation is the process of determining the results and impact of
Community Health Programs.
32. How do Family Health Records contribute to a strong
Community Health Program?

A. Creates a sense of togetherness.

B. Encourages family participation.

C. Improves service.

D. All records, which relate to members of the family should be placed in a

single family folder, giving a picture of the total services.

Answer: All records, which relate to members of the family should be

placed in a single family folder, giving a picture of the total services. (D)
Utilizing a system like Family Health Records improves overall effectivity in
services that Community Health Programs provide.

33. How does an effective 'Community Profile contribute to

Community Health Programs'?

A. Promotes new relationships.

B. Creates a summary of baseline conditions and trends in a community and

study area which establishes the context for projet decision making.
C. Does not contribute.

D. Creates a new sense of self.

Answer: Creates a summary of baseline conditions and trends in a

community and study area which establishes the context for projet decision
making. (B)
An understanding of a community's history, trends and conditions allows for
appropriate and relevant decision making when creating a Community Health
Program.
34. Within Community Profiles, in what forms can information be
collected?

A. Primary sources like comprehensive plans, and secondary sources such as

interviews.
B. Inaccurate accounting.

C. Deceiving and/or vague accounting.

D. Primary sources such as interviews or field surveys, and secondary

sources such as comprehensive plans or newspaper articles.

Answer: Primary sources such as interviews or field surveys, and secondary

sources such as comprehensive plans or newspaper articles. (D)
Appropriate information gathering is important when building a Community
Profile so that Community Health Programs remain relevant.

35. Which of the following examples is NOT a result of Community

Organizing?

A. Inadequate Excreta Disposal

B. Community Organization

C. Built Environment

D. Food Safety Sanitation

Answer: Inadequate Excreta Disposal (A)

Community mobilization should create structure and safety so that the people
are protected, and the environment is clean.
36. What is a primary objective of Community Integration regarding
Lifestyle?

A. Isolating community members.

B. To get to know the people's leaders

C. Centralizing the needs of individuals.

D. Maintaining a cultural superiority.

Answer: To get to know the people's leaders (B)

A complete perspective on a Community Health Program involves

acknowledging the people's leaders and consulting them.

37. Select the statement that is most accurate.

A. Working hard is all you need to build a Community Profile

B. Building alliances with community partners empowers the marginalized

and encourages people focused change.
C. Goal that are easy to obtain do not require community engagement.

D. Working hard is all you need to enact change in a Community Health

Program.

Answer: Building alliances with community partners empowers the

marginalized and encourages people focused change. (B)
Networking helps connect people to achieve a common desire, to highlight and
address issues.