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DRE2143 Chapter 2 - Rectifier - Part II

This document summarizes key topics from Chapter 2 of a power electronics textbook. It discusses uncontrolled full-wave rectifiers including center-tapped and full-bridge rectifier configurations. It also covers fully-controlled bridge rectifiers, describing their operation in discontinuous and continuous conduction modes. Several examples are provided to illustrate calculating currents, voltages, power and power factor for rectifier circuits with resistive and RL loads.

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zulaikha efendi
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15 views

DRE2143 Chapter 2 - Rectifier - Part II

This document summarizes key topics from Chapter 2 of a power electronics textbook. It discusses uncontrolled full-wave rectifiers including center-tapped and full-bridge rectifier configurations. It also covers fully-controlled bridge rectifiers, describing their operation in discontinuous and continuous conduction modes. Several examples are provided to illustrate calculating currents, voltages, power and power factor for rectifier circuits with resistive and RL loads.

Uploaded by

zulaikha efendi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DRE2143

Power
Electronics
Chapter 2
AC to DC Conversion (Rectifier)
Part II
2.3 Uncontrolled Full-Wave Rectifiers
2.3.1 Center-Tapped Rectifier
2.3.2 Full-Bridge Rectifier R-Load
2.3.3 Full-Bridge Rectifier RL-Load

Topics 2.4 Fully-Controlled Bridge Rectifier R-Load

Covered 2.4.1 Discontinuous Conduction Mode


2.4.2 Continuous Conduction Mode
Chapter 2: AC to DC Conversion DRE2143 by bbh997_0066 2
Overview Full-Wave Rectifiers

The objective of full wave rectifier is to produce a voltage or current


which is purely dc or has some specified dc component.

While the purpose of full wave rectifier is basically the same as that of
half-wave rectifier, full wave rectifier have some fundamental
advantages.

The output of the full wave rectifier has inherently less ripple than
half wave rectifier.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Power Electronics DRE2143 by bbh997_0066 3


Full-Wave Rectifiers

• Can be as
• Bridge rectifier
• Center-tapped transformer

• Center-tapped rectifier
requires center-tap
transformer. Bridge does not.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Power Electronics DRE2143 by bbh997_0066 4


Full-Wave Rectifiers
• Center tap requires only two diodes,
compared to four for bridge.
• Hence, per half-cycle only one
diode volt-drop is experienced.
Conduction losses is half of bridge
• However, the diodes ratings for
center-tapped is twice than bridge

Chapter 1: Introduction to Power Electronics DRE2143 by bbh997_0066 5


2.3.1 Center-Tap Full-
Wave Rectifier
Center-Tapped Rectifier

❑ The center-
tapped
transformer has
electrical
isolation
❑ Suitable for low
voltage, high
current
applications
2.3.2 Bridge Full-
Wave Rectifier

R-Load
Full-Bridge Rectifier

❑ The lower peak


diode voltage in
the bridge
rectifier makes it
more suitable for
high voltage
applications
10
Bridge Rectifier R-Load

 The voltage across a  The dc component of the


resistive load for the bridge output voltage is the
rectifier average value, and load
current is simply the voltage
divided by resistance.

DRE2143 by
bbh997_0066
Chapter 2: AC to DC Conversion
11
Bridge Rectifier R-Load

 Power absorbed by the load  The source current for the


resistor can be determined full-wave rectifier with a
from 𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
2 𝑅, where 𝐼
𝑟𝑚𝑠 resistive load is a sinusoid
for the full-wave rectified which is in phase with the
current waveform is the same voltage, so the power factor
as for an un-rectified sine is pf=1.
wave

DRE2143 by
bbh997_0066
Chapter 2: AC to DC Conversion
Example #1

 A single-phase full-wave bridge rectifier


has a resistive load of 18  and an ac
source of 120-Vrms. Determine the
average, peak, and rms currents in the
load and in each diode.
Example #1
Example #2

 A single-phase bridge rectifier has an RL


load with R =15 and L =60 mH. The ac
source is vs =100 sin (377t) V. Determine
the average and rms currents in the load
and in each diode.
Example #2
2.3.3 Bridge Full-
Wave Rectifier

RL-Load
Bridge Rectifier RL-Load

In practice, most loads are


inductive to a certain
extent and the load current
depends on the values of R
and L.
Bridge Rectifier RL-Load

 For an R-L load, the method of  Using Fourier Series:


analysis is similar to the half-
wave rectifier with the
freewheeling diode
 After a transient that occurs  where the DC:
during start-up, the load
current Io reaches a periodic
steady-state condition  Harmonics:
 In some applications, the load
inductance may be relatively
 The DC current:
large or made large by adding
external inductance.
Example #3

 A bridge rectifier has an ac source with Vm=100 V at 60 Hz and a


series RL load with R=10 and L =10mH.
a) Determine the average current in the load.
b) Estimate the peak-to-peak variation in load current based on the first ac
term in the Fourier series.
c) Determine the power absorbed by the load and the power factor of
the circuit.
d) Determine the average and rms currents in the diodes.
Solution Example #3
2.4.1 Bridge Full-
Wave Rectifier

Controlled R-Load
Controlled Full-Wave rectifier

 A versatile method of
controlling the output of a
full-wave rectifier is to
substitute controlled switches
such as SCRs for the diodes.
 Output is controlled by
adjusting the delay angle of
each SCR, resulting in an
output voltage which is
adjustable over a limited
range.
Controlled Full-Wave rectifier
Example #5

 A controlled full-wave bridge rectifier has a source of 120 Vrms at


60Hz, R = 10 , L = 20mH,  = 60 ͦ and  = 216 ͦ. Determine
a) an expression for load current and mode of current,
b) the average load current, and
c) the power absorbed by the load
Solution Example #5
Controlled RL load: Continuous
Current Mode

 If the load is still positive at  The condition for


𝜔𝑡 = 𝛼 + 𝜋 when gate signals continuous current mode is
are applied to S3& S4 while
S1&S2 are off.
Controlled RL load: Continuous
Current Mode

 A method for determining


the output voltage and
current for the continuous-
current case is to use the
Fourier series;
Example #6

 A controlled full-wave bridge rectifier has a source of 120 Vrms at


60 Hz, an RL load where R =10 and L =100 mH. The delay
angle  = 60 ͦ.
a) Verify that the load current is continuous.
b) Determine the dc (average) component of the current.
c) Determine the power absorbed by the load.
Solution Example #6
End of
Chapter 2
Part II

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