MOUNT CARMEL COLLEGE OF CASIGURAN, Inc.

CASIGURAN, AURORA
3204

PEC 9 – THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

Reporter:
Precious Jewel P. Bernal
BSED – 3
Title of Report:
The curriculum during the Philippine republic

CURRICULUM in the PHILIPPINES

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT in the PHILIPPINES
With touches of religion, economic, political and social influences and events that took place in the country
Colonial rules in the Philippines tailored the curriculum to serve colonial goals and objectives
The NEED for CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
What learning objectives are to be included? What philosophical and psychological theories
What will be the bases for the choice of regarding the nature of learners as well as the
objectives? learning process will underpin the organization
Will the choice be based on the learners’ needs of the content?
and interest, or rather on the needs of the Will the choice of methodology be in line with
society? accepted teaching-learning principles?
Will the selection depend on tradition, the nature Will the evaluation procedure be able to measure
of knowledge, or the learners’ characteristics? the learning that is taking place?
The RESULT of LACK of FRAMEWORK
Sari-sari (Hodgepodge) Lakas ng kutob (gutfeel)
Pira-piraso (piemal) Hula-hula (hunches)
Tagpi-tagpi (patchwork) Gaya-gaya (patterned from an existing model)
Sabog(lack of focus) Bahala na (by chance)
Malabo (vague) Patama-tama (non-deliberate)
The AREAS of CONCERN
Cultural Values
Knowledge of Learner
Knowledge of Teaching- Learning Theories and Principles
Body of Knowledge
Cultural Values Visible
Rules •Food •Dress •Language •Music •Dance •Means of Livelihood •Political Behavior •Family •Community
Norms Non-Visible •Philosophy •Beliefs •Value System
KNOWLEDGE of the LEARNER
Program for Decentralized Educational Development (PRODED)-Content Based (not on the learner and the
learning process)
The Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) and Secondary Education Development Program (SEDP) – addresses the
learner and learning process
Problem Based Curriculum •UBD Curriculum

DETERMINANTS of LEARNING in the PHILIPPINES

Use of Electricity Parent’s attitude
Parental Education Geography (Region)
Parent’s perception of academic abilities and School Type
interests of the children Socio Economic status of the family.

Philippine Republic Curriculum

Great experiments in the community school and the use of vernacular in the first two grades of the primary
schools as the medium of instruction were some of them.
An experiment worth mentioning that led to a change in the Philippine Educational Philosophy was that of school
and community collaboration pioneered by Jose V. Aguilar.

Philippine Republic Curriculum

Schools are increasingly using instructional materials that are Philippine-oriented. Memorandum No. 30 1966 sets
the order of priority in the purchase of books for use in the schools were as follows:
Books which are contributions to Phil. Literature
Books on character education and other library materials; and
Library equipment and permanent features
The K to 12 Program
This covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of junior high
school, and two years of senior high school [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop
lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle- level skills development, employment, and
entrepreneurship
UNIVERSAL KINDERGARTEN EDUCATION Kindergarten has now been integrated into the basic education system
to ensure that all grade 1 students are ready for academic learning. MOTHER TONGUE BASED MULTILINGUAL
EDUCATION The mother tongue will be the medium of instruction from kindergarten to grade 3. This includes the
following: Tagalog, Kapampangan, Pangasinense, Iloko, Bikol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Tausug, Maguindanaoan,
Maranao, and Chabacano. Medium of instruction will be English and Filipino starting grade 4.
23. CORE ACADEMIC AREAS The core academic areas include Math; Filipino; English; Araling Panlipunan;
Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao; and Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health (MAPEH). These are based on the College
Readiness Standards of the Commission on Higher Education and are equivalent to the courses offered under the General
Education Curriculum of Higher Education Institutions. Science will be taught in grade 3, but its concepts will be
integrated in other subjects like Health (under MAPEH), Math, and Languages in grades 1 and 2. Edukasyong
Pangtahanan at Pangkabuhayan will be taught starting in grade 4. Technology and Livelihood Education and technical–
vocational specializations, consistent with the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority training
regulations, will start in grade 7.
TVET (Technical Vocational Education & Training) NATIONAL CERTIFICATE After finishing Grade 10, a student
can obtain Certificates of Competency (COC) or a National Certificate Level I (NC I). After finishing a Technical-
Vocational-Livelihood track in Grade 12, a student may obtain a National Certificate Level II (NC II), provided he/she
passes the competency-based assessment of the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). NC I
and NC II improves employability of graduates in fields like Agriculture, Electronics, and Trade SPECIALIZATIONS
The additional two years (grades 11 and 12) or SHS will allow students to choose among academic, technical–vocational,
or sports and arts tracks depending on their interest, the community needs, and the results of their skills assessment. The
SHS will allow mastery of core competencies for lifelong learning and preparedness for work, higher education, middle-
level skills development, or entrepreneurship.
There are 7 Learning Areas under the Core Curriculum.
These are
Languages, Mathematics, Natural Science, and
Literature, Philosophy, Social Sciences.
Communication,
Current content from some General Education subjects is embedded in the SHS curriculum. Each student in Senior High
School can choose among 3 tracks:
Academic; Technical-Vocational-Livelihood; and Sports and Arts.
The Academic track includes 3 strands:
o Accountancy, and Business, Management (ABM);
o Humanities, Education, Social Sciences (HESS); and
o Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM).