PASSIVE VOICE

(CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG)
I. Bị động thông thường:

Tenses Active Passive

Simple Present S+V+O S + be + V3/ed+ by O

Present Continuous S + am/ is/ are + V-ing + O S + am/ is/ are + being + V3/ed + by O

Present Perfect S + has/ have +V3/ed + O S + has/ have + been + V3/ed + by O

Simple Past S + V2/ed + O S + was/ were + V3/ed + by O

Past Continuous S + was/ were + V-ing + O S + was/ were + being + V3/ed + by O

Past Perfect S + had + V3/ed + O S + had + been + V3/ed + by O

Simple Future S + will/ shall + V + O S + will + be + V3/ed + by O

Future Perfect S + will/ shall + have + V3/ed + O S + will + have + been + V3/ed + by O

Be + going to S + to be + going to + V + O S + to be + going to + be V3/ed + by O

Model Verbs S + model verb + V + O S + model verb + be +V3/ed + by + O

II. Bị đô ̣ng với những đô ̣ng từ có 2 tân ngữ
Mô ̣t số đông từ được theo sau nó bởi hai tân ngữ như give, lend, send, show, buy, make, get,… thì ta sẽ có 2
câu bị đô ̣ng.
S + V + O 1 + O2
→ Dùng O1: O1 + be + V3/ed +O2
→ Dùng O2: O2 + be + V3/ed + to O1

Ví dụ 1: I gave him an apple. (Tôi đã cho anh ấy một quả táo.)

      O1      O2
➤ He was given an apple by me. (Anh ta đã được tôi trao cho một quả táo)
➤ An apple was given to him. (Một quả táo đã được trao cho anh ta.)
Ví dụ 2: He sends his relative a letter. 
➤ His relative was sent a letter.
➤ A letter was sent to his relative (by him)

III. Các thể bị động

1. Bị động 2 mệnh đề (bị động câu tường thuật):
Các động từ tường thuật gồm: assume, believe, claim, consider, expect, feel, find, know, report, say, …
S1 + V1 + THAT + S2 + V2
→ It + (be) + V3/ed + (that) + S2 + V2
→ S2 + (be) + V3/ed + to V / to be V3/ed (khi V1= V2)
to have V3/ed / to have been V3/ed (khi V1 ≠ V2)

2. Bị động nhờ vả

1
S+ have + O1 + V0 + O2 → S + have + O2 + V3/ed + by O1
S + get + O1 + to V + O2 → S + get + O2 + V3/ed + by O1

3. To V → to be V3/ed , V-ing → being V3/ed

4. S + make + O + V0 → S + be + made + to V
let → allowed

R LƯU Ý:
1. S + BE + V3/ed + nơi chốn + BY + thời gian
2. Chủ từ là đại từ nhân xưng (I, You, He,…), đại từ bất định (everything, nobody, someone,…) thì
không cần by O

2
Bài tập áp dụng
EXERCISE 1: Change the following sentences to the passive form
1) The waiter brings me this dish.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
2) Our friends send these postcards to us.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
3) Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
4) Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
5) I must have the dentist check my teeth.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
6) They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
7) They are going to buy a new apartment next year.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
8) The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
9) The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
10) He recommends that we should stay at the city center.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
11) The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
12) How many languages do they speak in Canada?
→ ______________________________________________________________.
13) They keep this room tidy all the time.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
14) Anne had had a friend type her composition.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
15) They moved the fridge into the living room.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
16) He told me that his football team had played well last season.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
17) Have you sent the christmas cards to your family?
→ ______________________________________________________________.
18) We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
19) She often gets the technician to maintain the heater.
→ ______________________________________________________________.
20) She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
→ ______________________________________________________________.

EXERCISE 2: Put the right verbs in bracket

1. Holland (say) ______________ to be one of the prettiest countries in Europe.
2. I hate (tell) ________________________ lies.
3. My television (deliver) ______________ tomorrow.
4. I expected (invite) _______________ to the party, but I wasn’t.
5. Their telephone (install) ______________ yesterday.
6. A plan is offered (make) ______________.
7. Teachers ought (pay) _________________ a higher salary.
8. Mrs. Johnna wasn’t used to (drink) _________________ tea at 7 a. m. morming.
9. Joe denied (invole) _________________ in the robbery when policeman asked

3
10. Hotel rooms must (vacate) ______________ by 12 noon.
11. The villa (sell) ______________ by public auction next week.
12. She hopes her home (build) ______________ by the end of July.
13. Cole got many photographs (take) ___________ while he on his honeymoon.
14. Heartbreak House (write) __________________ by George Bernard Shaw.
15. The murderer was believed (die) _______________ last night.
16. My car (respray) ____________________ at the moment.
17. Hopefully, she (promote) ___________________ next month.
18. The pupies suggested (take) ______________ home by Carol and Bill .
19. The wedding reception must (book) ______________ a month before the wedding.
20. A lecture (give) ______________ in the main hall at the moment.
21. They said they had gone (persuade) ______________ for the application.
22. He managed to climb over the wall without (see) _________________.
23. Her ankle (hurt) ______________ when she fell down.
24. Football decided (play) _____________ at this weekend.
25. She thinks her car (steal) ______________ by someone she knows.
26. The apartment (redecorate) ______________ last week.
27. The man is rumored (kill) _______________ his wife
28. I hate (lie) ______________ to my friends.
29. I had my bike (repair) _______________ by him.
30. Your free gift (send) ______________ to you in the next few days.
31. Human bones (find) ______________ by archaeologists yesterday.
32. It supposed (bring) _________________ at home before 9 p.m.
33. We get our house (look) ______________ after whem we are on business.
34. New York (say) ______________ to be one of the most dangerous cities in the world.
35. He is thought (break) ______________ into her house.

EXERCISE 3: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.

1. They spent a lot of money on food and clothes.
A. A lot of money on food were spent B. A lot of money was spent on food and clothes
C. A lot of money were spent on food and clothes D. Money was spent a lot on food and clothes
2. The restaurant serves seafood every Monday.
A. Seafood is served every Monday. B. Seafood was served every Monday.
C. Seafood are served every Monday. D. Seafood were served every Monday.
3. Mary informed the police of the news.
A. The police was informed of the news. B. The news was informed of the police.
C. The police were informed of the news. D. The police of the news was informed by Mary.
4. The ambulance is taking the boy to hospital.
A. To the hospital is the boy being taken. B. The boy is being taking to hospital.
C. The boy is being taken to hospital. D. The boy is taken to hospital.
5. The engineers will construct a bridge over this house.
A. This house will be constructed over a bridge. B. A bridge will be constructed over this house.
C. This house will be being constructed over a bridge. D. A bridge will be being constructed over this
house.
6. Someone has stolen his gun.
A. His gun has been stolen. B. His gun has stolen.
C. He has been stolen the gun. D. The gun has been stolen him.
7. We have to tell Mary about our change in plans.
A. Mary has to be told about our change in plans. B. Our change in plans should be told for Mary.
C. Mary is told about our change in plans. D. Our change in plans is told to Mary.
8. We thought you were serious when you said you were leaving. You were thought _______when you said
you were leaving.
A. to have been serious B. to being serious C. to be serious D. to have been seriously
9. The directors have fired those lazy clerks .
A. Those lazy clerks have been fired. B. Those lazy clerks has been fired.

4
C. Those lazy clerks had been fired. D. Those lazy clerks were fired.
10. They didn’t explain anything about that.
A. Nothing was explained about that. B. That wasn’t explained anything by them.
C. Anything wasn’t explained about that. D. Something wasn’t explained about that.
11. They showed his photograph on television.
A. On television they have his photograph shown. B. His photograph was shown on television.
C. His photograph is being shown on television. D. The television was shown his photograph.
12. We must find this killer.
A. This killer we must find. B. This killer is found.
C. This killer be found. D. This killer must be found.
13. They signed the contract at lunchtime.
A. They were signed the contract at lunchtime. B. At lunchtime the contract were signed
C. The contract at lunchtime was signed. D. The contract was signed at lunchtime.
14. Someone ought to do something about it.
A. Something about it ought to be done. B. Someone ought to be done about it.
C. Something ought to be done about it. D. It ought to be done something by someone.
15. People should send their complaints to the head office.
A. Their complaints were sent to the head office. B. The head office was sent their complaints.
C. Their complaints should be sent to the head office. D. The head office should be sent complaints.
16. People don’t use this road very often.
A. This road don’t be used very often. B. This road is not used very often.
C. This road is used not very often. D. This road is not often used.
17. Miller has taken a lot of photographs.
A. Photographs have been taken by Miller. B. Photographs have been taken a lot of by Miller.
C. A lot of photographs were taken by Miller. D. A lot of photographs have been taken by Miller.
18. The teacher gave us two very difficult exercises.
A. We were given two very difficult exercises. B. Two very difficult exercises were given to the teacher.
C. Two very difficult exercises were given to us. D. Both (A) and (C) are correct.
19. They said that he was all right.
A. He said he was all right. B. They were said him was all right.
C. He was said he was all right. D. He was said to be all right.
20. The lawyer is interviewing the witness.
A. The witness is interviewed B. The witness is being interviewed
C. The lawyer is interviewed D. The lawyer is being interviewed
21. They are taking photographs of the event.
A. The event was taken photographs. B. The event is taken photographs.
C. Photographs are taken of the event. D. Photographs of the event are being taken.
22. How do people learn languages?
A. How are languages learned? B. How are languages learned by people?
C. How languages are learned? D. Languages are learned how?
23. Nobody told me that George was ill.
A. I was told that George wasn't ill. B. I wasn't told that George was ill.
C. George wasn't told to be ill. D. George was told not to be ill.
24. His colleagues gave him a present when he retired.
A. He was given a present when he retired.
B. A present was given by his colleagues when he retired.
C. He was given a present by his colleagues when he retired.
D. A present was given him when he retired.
25. We will send you the results as soon as they are ready.
A. You will be sent the results as soon as they are ready.
B. You will be sent the results as soon as they are ready by us.
C. The results will be sent you by us as soon as they are ready.
D. The results will be sent you as soon as they are ready by us.