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Department of Education
National Capital Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

ENGLISH
Fourth Quarter – Module 1
Distinguish technical terms used in research

Writer: Alvin M. Cipriano

Illustrator: Government Property
Layout Artist: NOT FOR SALE

What I Need to Know

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Hello, Grade 10 learners! In this first module for the 4th grading period, you
will learn how to:
Distinguish technical terms used in research
You can say that you have understood the lesson in this module if you can
already:
1. classify whether a term is related or not related to research;
2. match important technical terms in research with their correct meanings;
and,
3. identify the different important parts of a research paper.

What I Know

On which box do the following terms belong? Sort out the terms whether they
are research or none – research related.

Bibliography Abstract
APA Style Democracy
Poetry et al.
References Citation

Research None -
research

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE 1
Lesson
Distinguishing technical terms used in research
1

What’s In

Hello English language learners! In your previous lesson, you have learned
about the characteristic of the language of research and its purpose. Share what
you have learned by answering the question below.

1. What is the main purpose for writing a research paper?

Answer:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________

What’s New

Search me out! Complete the puzzle by identifying all the research

– related terms correctly.

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE 2
Across Down

3. Explaining phenomena by 1. A research instrument consisting

collecting numerical data that are of a series of questions for the
analysed using mathematically purpose of gathering information
based methods from respondents.
6. A person who voluntarily 2. Involves a descriptive judgment
participates in human subject using concept words instead of
research numbers.
4. A structured conversation where
one participant asks questions, and
the other provides answers.
5. any information that has been
collected, observed, generated, or
created to validate research findings

What Is It

I was just rubbing two

stones together for fun - I
didn’t realize I was
already doing a simple
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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE 3
Ma’am please draw a student
holding two stones.

We have read different pieces of literature in our class and discussed

different forms of writing, such as poetry, short stories, novels, and essays. But,
what about when you need to deliver a bulk amount of factual, in-depth
information on one subject?
The main performance task for the 4th Grading Period is writing your own
research paper. That is why it is important for you to be familiar with the key terms
used in research.
The American Psychological Association a scientific and professional
organization in the United States, also known as APA, has established a standard
by which research papers are structured, as well as how referencing other works
are cited in-text. The APA style is the most commonly used style in research
writing. The main components of the American Psychological Association's research
style are:

Title 1. Your title should be descriptive without being too long. A

general rule of thumb is to not make a title longer than
12 words.

Your title should adequately inform the reader of the

important aspects of your study, which may include
population, the focus of the study, and/or unique
methods.

Let's try and make a title for a study on the effects of

caffeine and no caffeine on button pushing and moving
weight. A title might read, 'The Effects of Caffeine on
Simple Tasks.' So anyone searching for information on
caffeine or simple tasks will come across your study.

Abstract 2. The abstract is a one-paragraph summary of the entire

study. It gives a brief overview of a study so the reader
can quickly determine if they should read the full article
or not.

Your abstract should focus on what is important, such

as the participants, the results, and briefly what the
results mean. Though, not every education paper

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requires an abstract.

Introduction 3. The introduction obviously introduces the topic, but it

also describes the reason for the study and outlines the
basic research in the field. The introduction provides the
main information of the following:

 Background of the study: Which describes the

reason/s for doing the research.
 Statement of the problem: Tells the readers the
problems/questions to be addressed in the
research.
 Significance of the study: Explains why your
research was needed. It’s a justification of the
importance of your work and impact it has on
your research field, its contribution to new
knowledge and how others will benefit from it.

Introductions can be a few paragraphs to a few pages,

depending on how long the article or book may be.

Methodology 4. Methodology discusses the methods the researcher used

during the research.

o Imagine the methods section as a kind of a baking

recipe - it tells you exactly how to replicate your
experiment.
o This details the exact steps you followed, how you
selected participants (the people who voluntarily
participate in the study), and the exact materials
you gave to the participants.
o Did you employ qualitative or quantitative
research methods?
Quantitative research involves a descriptive
judgment using concept words instead of
numbers.

Examples of Qualitative Observations:

 The skin on her hand was smooth and
silky.
 The cake was black with orange frosting.

Qualitative research explains and analyses

phenomena using mathematical concept.

Here are some example of quantitative

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observations:
 A jug of milk holds one gallon.
 The painting is 14 inches wide and 12
inches long.
 The new baby weighs six pounds and five
ounces.
o Did you administer a *questionnaire or *interview
people?
o How did you collect *data?
o Did you utilize other libraries or archives? Etc.
o This is important because science is built on the
idea that experiments can be done over and over
and you will get the same or similar results.
*questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of questions
for the purpose of gathering information from your participants.
*interview is a structured conversation where one participants
asks questions, and the other provides answers.
*data are any information that have been collected, observed,
generated, or created during your research.

Results 5. Results are the findings of your study. Typically this

includes:

o Rewriting your hypothesis (in case the reader

skipped the methods)
o All demographic data to describe your
participants
o Your statistical findings
o Easy to read tables and charts

This section is where you describe in as much detail as

necessary the findings of your study.

Discussion 6. On this section, the researcher:

o interprets and explains their findings
o The researcher covers what the implications of
their findings are and how they apply to their
different possible issues.
There are two major components of the discussion:
o What the research failed to cover on the study and
suggestions for future research studies.
o They then suggest future areas a researcher could
look into and maybe how they might be better
studied.

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References 7. The last major section is the references, which is a list of
all sources cited in the work.

In the references section, you will list in alphabetical

order every place you collected information from:
E.g. articles, websites, and personal correspondences
with experts in the field.
This is to ensure that you are not accused of
plagiarizing or copying another, something that is taken
very seriously in the field.

What’s More

Practice makes progress! Work on the following activities to enhance your

knowledge on key terms used in research.

Activity 1
Identify the terms connected to research described in the following
statements. Write your answer on the space provided in each item.
1. A list of all sources cited in a research work. __________

2. This part contains the interpretation and explanations of the researcher’s

findings. ___________

3. A piece of writing that has been copied from someone else and is presented
as being your own work without properly acknowledging your source.
___________

4. It includes the exact procedures you followed in executing your research.

___________

5. The scientific and professional organization that established a standard by

which research studies are structured, as well as how citation be done.
__________

Activity 2
Choose the best answer for each item.

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1. Which of the following does NOT need to be included in all research papers?
A. Abstract
B. Introduction
C. Body
D. Conclusion

2. What information does NOT need to be on a typical cover page?

A. Title
B. Date
C. Author’s Name
D. References

3. On which part of the research paper does the researcher interpret the
results and implications of the research?
A. Conclusion
B. Summary
C. Discussion
D. Methodology

4. Which of the following does NOT need to be included in all research paper?
A. Abstract
B. Introduction
C. Methodology
D. Conclusion

5. It include the exact procedures the researcher followed in doing the research.
A. Abstract
B. Title
C. Methodology
D. Conclusion

What I Have Learned

In this module, we focused on the key parts of a research paper. Express

what you have learned about the topic of this module by answering these questions.

1. Why is method important in conducting a research?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. Why is it important to cite or mention the different sources of information

(ex: books, websites, people) you have used in your research?
_____________________________________________________________________
___
_____________________________________________________________________
___

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What I Can Do

Below are paragraphs taken from an actual research paper. Try to identify
these parts of a research paper by applying what you have learned about the
technical terms used in research.

1. ______

2. ______

3. ______

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4. ______

5. ______

Assessment
Answer the following questions. Select your answers from the options
provided after each item. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which is NOT a part of a research paper?

a. Conclusion

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b. Dedication
c. References
d. Title

2. Read this selection.

What part of the research paper is the selection above?

a. Introduction c. Methodology
b. Conclusion d. Abstract

3. True or False: Every academic paper requires an abstract.

a. True because an abstract gives the readers a quick overview of the

research.
b. True because an abstract makes a research more credible or
believable.
c. False because only researches conducted by professionals need an
abstract.
d. False because an abstract is hard to write and not everyone can
compose a good abstract for a research.

4. This is where the researcher elaborates his/her findings, and explains

his/her own interpretations. _____________
a. Conclusion
b. Methodology
c. Discussion
d. Abstract

5. ____________ is a careful and detailed study of a specific problem, concern, or

issue employing the scientific method.
a. Experimentation c. Research
b. Survey d. Interview

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Additional Activities

1. APA (American Psychological Association) and MLA (Modern

Language Association) are two of the most widely used citation
formats. Go online and compare the two format using a Venn
diagram.

2. Read about qualitative and quantitative research online and compare

them using another Venn diagram. Write your findings on your
notebook.

References
1. Information about the basic parts of a research paper:
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-major-sections-of-a-research-
study-according-to-apa.html#transcriptHeader
https://wr1ter.com/research-paper

2. Additional definitions:
http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/writing/index.asp?topic=Research
https://www.discoverphds.com/blog/significance-of-the-study#:~:text=The
%20significance%20of%20the%20study%20is%20a%20written
%20statement%20that,others%20will%20benefit%20from%20it.

3. Research sample from the thesis of Ms. Joan Jane M. Balote: MAN AND
NATURE IN SELECTED POEMS OF WILLIAM WORDSWORTH AND
ROBERT FROST, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sta. Mesa,
Manila

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Development Team of the Module

Writer: Alvin M. Cipriano (CISSL)

Editors: Cyril P. Santos (SEHS)

Internal Validator: Janet S. Cajuguiran (EPS – English)

External Validator: PNU Professor
Illustrator: Name (School)
Layout Artist: Name (School)

Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Janet S. Cajuguiran
EPS-English

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

EPS – LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: [email protected]

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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