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Science Chapter - (Reaching The Age of Adolescence) Class 8

The document discusses changes that occur during adolescence due to hormones. It defines adolescence as the period from puberty to adulthood, around ages 11-19. Hormones secreted by endocrine glands cause physical changes like growth spurts and development of secondary sex characteristics. Females begin menstruation, when the uterine lining is shed monthly. Common changes in both sexes include acne and growth of body hair. Sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen support sexual development. A balanced diet is important to support the body's rapid growth during this stage.

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Khushi Kumari class 9 adm 664
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426 views

Science Chapter - (Reaching The Age of Adolescence) Class 8

The document discusses changes that occur during adolescence due to hormones. It defines adolescence as the period from puberty to adulthood, around ages 11-19. Hormones secreted by endocrine glands cause physical changes like growth spurts and development of secondary sex characteristics. Females begin menstruation, when the uterine lining is shed monthly. Common changes in both sexes include acne and growth of body hair. Sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen support sexual development. A balanced diet is important to support the body's rapid growth during this stage.

Uploaded by

Khushi Kumari class 9 adm 664
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Science chapter-(reaching the age

of adolescence)
Solutions by quanta learning
academy
1. What is the term used for chemical
secretions of endocrine glands responsible for
changes taking place in the body?
Soln:The chemical substance secreted by the
endocrine glands is called Hormones.
Hormones are responsible for the changes
taking place in the body.
2. Define adolescence.
Soln:The time period which comes between the
beginning of adulthood and puberty is called
Adolescence. In this time period, the body
undergoes different changes alongside
reproductive maturity. It starts somewhat at the
age of 11 and ends at the age of 18 or19. This
period of adolescence may differ from person
to person.
3. What is menstruation? Explain
Soln:The process of shedding of the uterine
lining on a regular monthly basis is called
menstruation. It starts at puberty and in the
reproductive cycle of the female body. The
uterus prepares itself to receive a fertilized egg
on every month. Due to this the inner lining of
the uterus become thick and is supplied with
blood to nourish the embryo. If the egg is not
fertilized, then the lining of the uterus breaks
down and get released in the form of blood
through the vagina. The time period for this is
about 2 to 8 days every month. This monthly
cycle is known as the menstrual cycle.
4. List changes in the body that take place at
puberty
Soln:The changes that take place at the time of
puberty are as follows:
a) The height and weight of the body will
suddenly increase
b) The hair seems to appear in the areas such
as legs, hands, face and underarms
c) In female, the enlargement of the ovary takes
place and starts producing matured eggs and
on the other hand in males, the testis grows
and starts producing sperms
d) In males, the shoulder broadens and chest
becomes wide, whereas in females the region
below the waist becomes wider.
e) Acne seems to appear because of the
excessive secretion of the oil from the skin.
f) In boys, the larynx becomes prominent under
the influence of hormones, the vocal cord
becomes longer and thicker resulting in a
hoarse voice.
5. Prepare a Table having two columns
depicting names of endocrine glands and
hormones secreted by them.
Soln:
Endocrine Hormones
Glands

Testis Testosterones

Ovary Oestrogen

Pituitary Growth
hormone

Adrenal Adrenalin

Thyroid Thyroxin

Pancreas Insulin

6. What are sex hormones? Why are they


named so? State their function
Soln:The chemical substances produced by
the sex organs are called sex hormones. For
example, in females, the sex hormones
produced by the ovary is called oestrogen and
in males, the sex hormones produced by the
testis is called testosterone.
Some of the functions performed by the sex
hormones:
Oestrogen: This hormone is responsible for
the development of secondary sexual
characters in females like enlargement of
breasts, development of female reproductive
organs, etc.
Testosterone: this hormone brings the
secondary sex character in boys such as the
growth of beard, the voice becomes hoarse,
development of the reproductive organs etc.
7. Choose the correct option.
(a) Adolescents should be careful about what
they eat, because
(i) proper diet develops their brains.
(ii) proper diet is needed for the rapid growth
taking place in their body.
(iii) adolescents feel hungry all the time.
(iv) taste buds are well developed in teenagers.
(b) Reproductive age in women starts when
their
(i) menstruation starts.
(ii) breasts start developing.
(iii) body weight increases.
(iv) height increases.
(c) The right meal for adolescents consists of
(i) chips, noodles, coke.
(ii) chapati, dal, vegetables.
(iii) rice, noodles and burger.
(iv) vegetable cutlets, chips and lemon drink.
Soln:a) (ii) proper diet is needed for the rapid
growth taking place in their body.
b) (iii) body weight increases.
c) (ii) chapati, dal, vegetables.
8. Word game :
Use the clues to work out the words.
Across
3. Protruding voice box in boys
4. Glands without ducts
7. Endocrine gland attached to brain
8. Secretion of endocrine glands
9. Pancreatic hormone
10. Female hormone
Down
1. Male hormone
2. Secretes thyroxine
3. Another term for teenage
5. Hormone reaches here through blood stream
6. Voice box
7. Term for changes at adolescence

Soln:
Across
1. Adam’s apple
2. Endocrine
3. Pituitary
4. Hormone
5. Insulin
6. Estrogen
Down
1. Testosterone
2. Thyroid
3. Adolescence
4. Target site
5. Larynx
6. Puberty

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