Section 2

Structure and Written Expression 2

Time: 25 minutes

This section is designed to test your ability to recognize language structures that are appropriate
in standard written English. The questions in this section belong to two types, each of which has
special directions.

DIRECTIONS: Questions 1-15 are partial sentences. Below each sentence you will see for words or
phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Select the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and blacken the space that contains the
letter for the answer you have chosen. Fill in the space completely.

EXAMPLE I

Drying flowers is the best way ------ them.

A. to preserve
B. by preserving
C. preserve
D. preserved

The sentence should state, “Drying flowers is the best way to preserve them.” Therefore, the
correct answer is (A).

EXAMPLE II

Many American universities ------ as small, private college.

A. begun
B. beginning
C. began
D. for the beginning

The sentence should state, “Many American universities began as small, private college.”
Therefore, the correct answer is (C).

After you read the directions, begin work on the questions.

1. Fort Niagara was built by the French in 1726 2. Soil texture depends on the proportions of
on land ------ the Seneca Indians. clay and sand particles, ------ soil porosity.
A. they buy from A. both alter
B. bought from B. which alter
C. buying from C. where altered
D. was bought from D. although altered

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3. The writers of the realist movement B. fewer than
embraced the notion that art should depict C. as few as
life ------. D. a few
A. accurately and objectively
B. accuracy and objectivity 9. Before Richard Bennett accepted the
C. accurate and objective appointment as the prime minister of
D. accurate objectivity Canada in 1930, he ------ as a lawyer.
A. had achieved a successful
4. A ratio is a comparison of ------ whole or a B. had been achieved successfully
part to another part. C. has achieved success
A. part to the D. had achieved success
B. a part to
C. a part to the 10. Gardeners transplant bushes and flowers by
D. the part to the moving them from one place to ------.
A. other
5. The bones of the elderly are more prone to B. others
fractures and splintering ------ of young C. another
people. D. each other
A. than that
B. than those 11. Museums of natural history are ordinarily ---
C. those than --- by special interest groups created for that
D. that than purpose.
A. owned and operated
6. English and Scottish settlers ------ Belfast as B. they own and operate
a trading post in 1613. C. owning and operating
A. they established D. the owner operates
B. established themselves
C. established 12. A surge in the level of stress ------ the
D. establishing recurrence of nightmares.
A. apparent increase
7. The formulation of economic policies B. apparently increase
necessitates meticulous consideration ------ C. apparently increases
large segments of the population. D. apparent increases
A. because the affect
B. they are affected because 13. Each bowler ------ in each frame, unless a
C. affect them because strike is bowled.
D. because affecting them A. rolling the ball twice
B. the ball is rolled twice
8. Only ------ feathered creatures inhabit the C. rolls the ball twice
Arctic region year round. D. the ball rolls twice
A. fewer

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14. William Hearst had five sons, ------
eventually became executives in the Hearst
newspaper conglomerate.
A. all of them
B. of them all
C. all of whom
D. who of all

15. An axiomatic assumption in physics holds

that all matter has kinetic energy ------
motion and mass.
A. because its
B. because of its
C. because it is
D. because of it
.
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DIRECTIONS: In question 16-40 every sentence has four words or phrases that are underlined.
The four underlined portions of each sentence are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Identify the one
word or phrase that makes the sentence incorrect. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number
of the question and fill in the space that contains the letter for the answer you have chosen. Fill
in the space completely.
EXAMPLE I

Christopher Columbus has sailed from Europe in 1492 and discovered a new land he thought to
A B C D
be India

The sentence should state, “Christopher Columbus sailed from Europe in 1492 and
discovered a new land he thought to be India.” Therefore, you should choose answer (A).

EXAMPLE II

As the roles of people in society change, so does the rules of conduct in certain situations.
A B C D

The sentence should state, “As the roles of people in society change, so do the rules of
conduct in certain situations.” Therefore, you should choose answer (B).

After you read the directions, begin work on the questions.

16. In summer, warm southern air carries moist north to the eastern and central United States.
A B C D

17. Billie Holiday became recognized as the most innovative jazz singer of her day and was
admiration
A B C D
for her vocal range.

18. To raise livestock successfully, farmers must selecting cattle for breeding and apply a dietary
A B C D
regimen.

19. In the 1960s, urban renewal projects cleared land for commerce and offices building.
A B C D

20. In 1868, Sioux leaders signed a treaty preventing whites from traveling through the Sioux
territorial.
A B C
D

21. A number multiplied by zero is zero, and a number multiplied by one is the same as number.
A B C D

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22. Muscles aids in attaching portions of the skeleton to one another and ultimately shape the
torso.
A B C D

23. Thomas More, who fell into disfavor with the king, was a great English author, statesman,
and
A B C
scholars.
D

24. The first microprocessors were fabricated in 1971 for installation in handhold calculators.
A B C D

25. If autistic children form an attachment, it predominantly was to inanimate objects.

A B C D

26. Technology is define as the tools, skills, and methods that are necessary to produce goods.
A B C D

27. Fruit flies do not have to leap to take off because of they become airborne solely by
A B C
wing movement.
D

28. Historians postulate that Eskimos migrated from Alaska to Greenland in two greater
movements.
A B C D

29. Electric wires carry current for lighting and outlets designing for household appliances.
A B C D

30. Troops housing in Fort Bliss, Texas, train to operate aircraft equipment and artillery.
A B C D

31. Charles Kettering patented the first success spark-based starter for automotive vehicles in
1911.
A B C D

32. During the 1700s, public concerts proliferated when composers wrote music for their
audiences
A B C
enjoying.
D

33. The philosophers and artists of ancient Greece and Rome emphasized the study of human as
A B C
fundamental to their doctrine.
D

34. Computer graphics software has infinite applications in a widely array of fields.
A B C D
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35. The planet Mercury rotates slow that any other planet except Venus.
A B C D

36. Van Cliburn he studied piano from 1951 to 1954 and won multiple awards between 1958
and 1960.
A B C D

37. Not only comics show a part of a story but they also convey the complete story.
A B C D

38. How much information can be retained in short-term memory depends almost exclusively
on how
A B C
it arranged.
D

39. When readers contribute funds to private libraries, these readers are used the library without
charge.
A B C
D

40. Diagrams display informations in conspicuous way and vividly show differences and
similarities.
A B C D

► STOP ◄

This is the end of Section 2.

Read the directions for Section 3.

Do not read or work on any other section of the test.
Look at the time now before you begin work on Section 3.
Use exactly 55 minutes to work on Section 3.