LONGITUDE

• Part A: Determine the latitude and longitude of each point on the

map.
– Use N or S for latitude
– Use E or W for longitude
• Part B: Plot points W, X, Y, and Z using the given latitude and
longitude.
TIME

1. If it is 11:45AM at Greenwich, calculate:

a. The local time of a place located 21 W.

b. The standard time of a place located 12E.

2. If the longitude of a place A is 12412’ East, determine the standard time

when the local time at A is 4:33 PM.

3. Determine the LOCAL TIME of the following places if the STANDARD TIME is
9:30 AM
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY

1. In a hydrographic survey, a staff gage reading of 9.45m was observed at

the instant the depth of the sounding was 15.13m. The zero mark of the staff
gage is at elevation 124.25m. Find the elevation of the point where the
sounding was made.

2. The area bounded by the water line of a reservoir and the contours with a
contour interval of 2m are as follows.
A1 = 10,250 m2 A2 = 8,350 m2 A3 = 7,750 m2
A4 = 6,900 m2 A5 = 5,250 m2
Calculate the volume of the reservoir using
1. End-Area method
2. Prismoidal formula
OMITTED MEASUREMENT

Type I: Omitted Measurements are in One Side

Case 1: Length and Bearing of One Side Unknown

Type II : Omitted Measurements Involving Two Adjoining Sides

Case 1 : Length of One Side and Bearing of Another Side Unknown

Case 2: Lengths of Two Sides Unknown

Case 3: Bearings of Two Sides Unknown

Type III: Omitted Measurements Involving Two Non-Adjoining Sides

Case 1: Length of One Side and Bearing of Another Side is Unknown

Case 2: Lengths of Two Sides Unknown

Case 3: Bearings of Two Sides Unknown
VOLUME AND AREA APPROXIMATION METHODS

1.) Find the area of a piece of land with an irregular boundary as follows:

The stations are on a straight-line boundary. Find the area of the land in square meters
by:
a. Trapezoidal rule. Ans. 2081.100 m2
b. Simpson’s one-third rule. Ans. 2056.733 m2

2.) Find the area of a piece of land with an irregular boundary is defined as follows:

The stations are on a straight-line boundary. Find the area of the land in square meters
by:
a. Simpson’s one-third rule. Ans. 2289.533 m2
CURVE RANGING

SIMPLE CURVES

1.) A simple curve has a central angle of 36 and a degree of 6.

a. Find the nearest distance from the midpoint of the curve to the point of
intersection of tangents.

b. Compute the distance from the midpoint of the curve to the midpoint of the
long chord joining the point of curvature and point of tangency.

2.) A simple curve has an angle of intersection of 45 , and radius of 200m. The point
of intersection is at STA 2+982.84.
a. Compute the stationing of P.T.
b. Compute the deflection angle of STA 2+937.7 from P.C.

c. Compute the right angle offset from STA 2+937.7 on the curve to tangent
trough P.C.
d. Compute the degree of curve using chord basis.

3.) A curve of a diversion road has a tangent AB with direction due north and tangent
BC bearing N 70 E. Point A is at the P.C. whose stationing is 12+600. The degree
of curve is 5.
a.) Compute the long chord of the curve.

b.) Compute the stationing of point D on the curve along a line joining the
center of the curve which makes an angle of 40 (at E) with the tangent line
passing through the P.C.
c.) What is the length of the line from D to E.

4.) The offset distance of the simple curve from the P.T. to the tangent line passing
through the P.C. is equal to 120.20m. The stationing of P.C. is at 2+540.26. The
simple curve has an angle of intersection of 50.

a.) Compute the degree of curve.

b.) Compute the external distance.
c.) Compute the length of long chord.
COMPOUND CURVES

1.) A compound curve has a common tangent 400m long. The first curve passing
through the P.C. is a 3 curve with a central angle of 35.

a.) Find the length of the second curve if its central angle is 50.

b.) Find the station of P.T. if the P.I. of the compound curve is at STA 10+125.

2.) The long chord from the P.C. to the P.T. of a compound curve is 250m long and
the angles it makes with the tangent passing through P.C. and the tangent passing
through P.T. are 14 & 18, respectively. If the common tangent is parallel to the long
chord.

a.) Find the radius of the first curve.

b.) Find the radius of the second curve.

c.) If the stationing of P.C. is 8+950, find the stationing of P.T.

3.) On a railroad line, two tangents that intersect at station 10+243 so as to form an
angle of 3628’ are to be connected by a compound curve consisting of two simple
curves. The simple curve beginning at P.C. which is at station 10+163 is to be 4 curve
whose degree is based on a 20m chord and is to have a central angle of 17. Using
chord basis.

a.) What should be the radius of the other simple curve that ends at the P.T.?

b.) Compute the stationing at P.C.C.

c.) What is the length of the tangent from the P.I. to the P.T. of the compound
curve?
REVERSE CURVES

1.) Two parallel tangents 10m apart are connected by a reversed curve. The chord
length from the P.C. to the P.T. equals 120m.

a.) Compute the length of tangent with common direction.

b.) Determine the equal radius of the reversed curve.

c.) Compute the stationing of the P.R.C. if the stationing of A at the beginning
of the tangent with common direction is 3+420.

2.) In a railroad layout, the centerline of two parallel tracks are connected with a
reversed curve of unequal radii. The central angle of the first curve is 16 and the
distance between parallel tracks is 27.60m, stationing of the P.C. is 15+420 and the
radius of the second curve is 290m.

a.) Compute the length of the long chord from the P.C. to P.T.

b.) Compute the radius of the first curve.

c.) Compute the stationing of the P.T.

3.) Two tangents converge at an angle of 30. The direction of the second tangent is
due east. The distance of P.C. from the second tangent is 116.50m. The bearing of
the common tangent is S 40 E.

a.) Compute the central angle of the first curve.

b.) If a reversed curve is to connect these two tangents, determine the common
radius of the curve.

c.) Compute the stationing of the P.T. if P.C. is at station 10+620.

4.) Two parallel tangents ae connected by a reverse curve having equal radii of 360m.

a.) If the central angle of the curve is 8 compute the distance between parallel
tangents.

b.) Compute the length of chord from the P.C. to the P.T.

c.) If P.C. is at 3+960.40, what is the stationing of P.T.

SYMMETRICAL PARABOLIC CURVES

1.) A parabolic curve has a descending grade of -0.8% which meets an ascending
grade of 0.4% at station 10+020. The maximum allowable change of grade per 20m
station is 0.15. The elevation at station 10+020 is 240.60m.

a.) What is the length of curve?

b.) Compute the elevation of the lowest point of the curve.

c.). Compute the elevation at station 10+100.

2.) A symmetrical vertical summit curve has tangents of +4% and -2%. The allowable
rate of change of grade is 0.3% per meter station. Stationing and elevation of P.T. is
at 10+020 and 142.63m respectively.

a.) Compute the length of curve.

b.) Compute the distance of the highest point of curve from the P.C.

c.) Compute the elevation of the highest point of curve.

3.) A vertical summit parabolic curve has its P.I. at station 14+750 with elevation of
76.30m. The grade of the back tangent is 3.4% and forward tangent of -4.8%. If the
length of curve is 300m.

a.) Compute the location of the vertical curve turning point P.I.

b.) Compute the elevation of the vertical curve turning point in meters.

c.) Compute the stationing of the vertical curve turning point.

4.) A descending grade of 4.2% intersects an ascending grade of 3% at station 12+325

at elevation 14.2m. These two grades are to be connected by a 260m vertical parabolic
curve. A reinforced concrete culvert pipe with overall diameter of 105cm is to be
constructed with its top 30cm below the subgrade. What will be the invert elevation of
the culvert?
UNSYMMETRICAL PARABOLIC CURVES

1.) An unsymmetrical parabolic curve has a forward tangent of -8% and a back tangent
of +5%. The length of curve on the left side of the curve is 40m long while that of the
right side is 60m long. The P.C. is at station 6+780 and has an elevation of 110m. An
outcrop is found at station 6+800 has an elevation of 108.40m.

a.) Compute the height of fill needed to cover the outcrop.

b.) Compute the elevation of the curve at station 6+820.

c). Compute the elevation of the highest point of the curve.

2.) A forward tangent having a slope of -4% intersects the back tangent having a slope
+7% at point V at stations 8+300 having an elevation of 230m. It is required to connect
the two tangents with an unsymmetrical parabolic curve that shall pass through point
A on the curve having an elevation of 227.57m at station 6+270. The length of curve
is 60m on the side of the back tangent.

a.). Determine the length of the curve on the side of the forward tangent.

b.) Determine the stationing of the highest point of the curve.

c.) Determine the elevation of the highest point of the curve.

EARTHWORKS

1.)Given the cross section notes of an earthwork between station 10+100 to 10+200.

Assume both stations to have same side slope and width of the base.

1. Compute the side slope of both sections.

2. Compute the value of x at station 10+200 if it has a cross sectional area of

14.64𝑚2.

3. Compute the volume between stations 10+100 and 10+200 using end area
method with prismoidal correction.

2.) In a certain portion of road to be constructed the following data were taken.

Base for cut = 9m Side slopes = 1:1

Base for fill = 8m Side slopes = 1.5:1
1. Compute the area of station 1+040
2. Find the area of station 1+100
3. Determine the difference in volume of cut and fill.

3.) The center height of the road at STA 7+110 is 2m fill while at station 7+160 it is
1.2m cut. From STA 7+110 to the other station the ground makes a uniform slope of
4.8%.

1. Compute the slope of the new road.

2. Find the distance in meters from station 7+110 in which the fill is extended.

3. Compute the stationing of the point where the fill is extended.