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Earth and Life Science: Natural Processes and Hazard

This document summarizes different types of natural hazards including geologic, hydrometeorological, and marine or coastal processes. It describes several specific geologic hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. It also discusses various hydrometeorological hazards like monsoons, tropical cyclones, floods, and their monitoring and warning systems in the Philippines. Key agencies that monitor these hazards are identified, including PHIVOLCS for seismic activity, PAGASA for weather conditions, and NOAH for hazard assessments.

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Trisha Mae Corpuz
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164 views

Earth and Life Science: Natural Processes and Hazard

This document summarizes different types of natural hazards including geologic, hydrometeorological, and marine or coastal processes. It describes several specific geologic hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. It also discusses various hydrometeorological hazards like monsoons, tropical cyclones, floods, and their monitoring and warning systems in the Philippines. Key agencies that monitor these hazards are identified, including PHIVOLCS for seismic activity, PAGASA for weather conditions, and NOAH for hazard assessments.

Uploaded by

Trisha Mae Corpuz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

Natural Processes and Hazard


 Natural Hazard – naturally occurring event or
phenomenon that may cause threat to the environment
and its living components.

a. Geologic – natural phenomenon occurring beneath


the Earth and underground.
b. Hydrometeorological – natural phenomenon
occurring within the Earth’s atmosphere.
c. Marine or Coastal Processes – are natural processes
which occurs to large bodies of water.

 Natural Disaster – any natural hazard that already


caused fatality and damage to property.
 Hazard Mitigation - are set of preventive measures to
minimize the risk of an impending natural hazard. It is
the prevention of the natural hazard to become a
natural disaster (disaster readiness and risk reduction )

GEOLOGIC HAZARD

- Due to the movement of plates and local concentration of


geologic heating
- earthquakes, volcanic eruption, and tsunamis

A. Earthquakes
PHILVOLCS – Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology
o Monitors all seismic and volcanic activities in the
country.

Pacific Ring of Fire – arc within the Earth where in it


is being surrounded by many volcanoes. (e.g. Chile,
Indonesia, Philippines)

EARTHQUAKE RISK LOCATIONS (refer to your book


page 77 )

B. Landslides
 The downward movement of soil or ground from a
slope that may cause damage to the residence at the
foot of the mountain or hill.
EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
C. Volcanic Eruptions - expulsion of volcanic
materials (ashes, lava, magma, rocks) from a volcano.
D.Tsunami - the movement of big waves on the
neighboring land areas brought by the shaking of
oceanic crust or any seismic activity near a large body
of water.

HYDROMETEOROLIGAL HAZARD

Monsoon – prevalent winds located within the tropics.


The consistent reversal of wind pattern or wind system
generated by large weather system affecting large
areas over a period of time.

a. HABAGAT- southwest monsoon, occurs within the


month of May and to October.
Brings heavy rain in the Philippines.
b. AMIHAN – northeast monsoon, occurs within the
months of November to February.
Tropical Cyclone - locally known as bagyo, common due to our
location within the earth’s typhoon belt.
PAGASA – Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical
Services Administrarion
Agency which monitors athnospheric condition in the Philippines.
Philippine Area of Responsibility – an area which is inside the
country’s jurisdiction.
Tropical Cyclones and Wind Speeds
TYPE Sustained wind near the
center
Tropical Depression 30 – 60 km/h
Tropical Storm 61 – 88 km/h
Severe Tropical Storm 89 – 117 km/h
Typhoon 118 – 219 km/h
Super Typhoon Faster than 220 km/h
PUBLIC STORM WARNING SYSTEM
PSWS # 1 – 30 – 60 km/h within 36 hours
PSWS # 2 – 61 – 100 km/h within 24 hours
PSWS # 3 – 101 – 185 km/h within 18 hours
PSWS # 4 – 186 – 220 km/h within 12 hours
PSWS # 5 - faster than 220 km/h within 12 hours
*** Notice the relationship of the within speed and its
duration

DepEd guidelines for class suspension:


EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
PSWS # 1 – All classes in kindergarten are
suspended
PSWS # 2 - All classes in elementary and high
school are suspended
PSWS # 3 and higher – All classes in all levels,
including college and graduate schools are
suspended

COLOR CODED WARNING SYSTEM FOR FLOODS


RED WARNING – more than 30 mm of rain (within 1 hr and
expected to continue within the next 2 hrs)
Serious flooding expected in low lying areas. RESPONSE:
EVACUATE
ORANGE WARNING – 15 -30 mm of intense rain (within 1 hr and
expected to continue within the next 2 hrs). Flood is threatening
RESPONSE: ALERT FOR POSSIBLE EVACUATION
YELLOW WARNING – 7.5 – 15 mm (heavy) rain (within 1 hr and
expected to continue within the next 2 hrs) Flooding is possible
RESPONSE: MONITOR THE WEATHER CONDITION
The Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards (NOAH) of
Department Of Science and Technology (DOST)

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