LAW ENFORECEMENT

ADMINISTRATION
POLICE PATROL

Prepared by: Frederick R. Icaro, R.C.

QUESTION NO. 1
It is the movement or conveying of persons and
goods from one location to another.

a. Transportation
b. Land Transportation
c. Traffic
d. Traffic Management
QUESTION NO. 2
From what French word was the word patrol
originated?
a. patrolle
b. Patrouiller
c. Patroulier
d. patrolluier
Question No. 3
It is the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles
either powered by combustion system or animal drawn,
from one place to another for the purpose of travel.

a. Transportation
b. Traffic
c. Traffic Way
d. Traffic Management
QUESTION NO. 4
It deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of
traffic laws and rules and regulations. The action taken by the
police, such as arresting, issuing traffic citation ticket, and
giving warning to the erring drivers for the purpose of
deterring and discouraging and/or to preventing such
violation.
a. Traffic Education
b. Traffic Engineering
c. Traffic Enforcement
d. Traffic Dissemination
QUESTION NO. 5
A fixed point or location to which an officer is
assigned for duty
a. Beat
b. Post
c. Sector
d. Area
QUESTION NO. 6
The most expensive type of patrol and is
restricted to small areas and used to deal with
special situation.
a. Motorcycle Patrol
b. Horse Patrol
c. Aircraft Patrol
d. Foot Patrol
QUESTION NO. 7
From what German word was the word patrol
derived from?
a. Patroiulle
b. Patrolluei
c. Patrolle
d. Patroieulle
QUESTION NO. 8
The hierarchy of police officers working towards
a common goal that is to safeguard the
community
a. Patrol Organization
b. Patrol Force Organization
c. Patrol Management
d. Patrol System Organization
QUESTION NO. 9
Also known as “caution signs” These sign have
equilateral triangular shape with one side
horizontal and having red borders.
a. Danger Warning Signs
b. Regulatory Sign
c. Prohibition Sign
d. Distress Signal Sign
QUESTION NO. 10
When was the first automobile patrol was first
introduced in Manila?
a. May 7 , 1954
b. May 10, 1954
c. May 15, 1954
d. May 17, 1954
TIMES UP!
QUESTION NO. 1
It is the movement or conveying of persons and
goods from one location to another.

a. Transportation
b. Land Transportation
c. Traffic
d. Traffic Management
QUESTION NO. 1
It is the movement or conveying of persons and
goods from one location to another.

a. Transportation
b. Land Transportation
c. Traffic
d. Traffic Management
QUESTION NO. 2
From what French word was the word patrol
originated?
a. patrolle
b. Patrouiller
c. Patroulier
d. patrolluier
QUESTION NO. 2
From what French word was the word patrol
originated?
a. patrolle
b. Patrouiller
c. Patroulier
d. patrolluier
Question No. 3
It is the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles
either powered by combustion system or animal drawn,
from one place to another for the purpose of travel.

a. Transportation
b. Traffic
c. Traffic Way
d. Traffic Management
Question No. 3
It is the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles
either powered by combustion system or animal drawn,
from one place to another for the purpose of travel.

a. Transportation
b. Traffic
c. Traffic Way
d. Traffic Management
QUESTION NO. 4
It deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of
traffic laws and rules and regulations. The action taken by the
police, such as arresting, issuing traffic citation ticket, and
giving warning to the erring drivers for the purpose of
deterring and discouraging and/or to preventing such
violation.
a. Traffic Education
b. Traffic Engineering
c. Traffic Enforcement
d. Traffic Dissemination
QUESTION NO. 4
It deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of
traffic laws and rules and regulations. The action taken by the
police, such as arresting, issuing traffic citation ticket, and
giving warning to the erring drivers for the purpose of
deterring and discouraging and/or to preventing such
violation.
a. Traffic Education
b. Traffic Engineering
c. Traffic Enforcement
d. Traffic Dissemination
QUESTION NO. 5
A fixed point or location to which an officer is
assigned for duty
a. Beat
b. Post
c. Sector
d. Area
QUESTION NO. 5
A fixed point or location to which an officer is
assigned for duty
a. Beat
b. Post
c. Sector
d. Area
QUESTION NO. 6
The most expensive type of patrol and is
restricted to small areas and used to deal with
special situation.
a. Motorcycle Patrol
b. Horse Patrol
c. Aircraft Patrol
d. Foot Patrol
QUESTION NO. 6
The most expensive type of patrol and is
restricted to small areas and used to deal with
special situation.
a. Motorcycle Patrol
b. Horse Patrol
c. Aircraft Patrol
d. Foot Patrol
QUESTION NO. 7
From what German word was the word patrol
derived from?
a. Patroiulle
b. Patrolluei
c. Patrolle
d. Patroieulle
QUESTION NO. 7
From what German word was the word patrol
derived from?
a. Patroiulle
b. Patrolluei
c. Patrolle
d. Patroieulle
QUESTION NO. 8
The hierarchy of police officers working towards
a common goal that is to safeguard the
community
a. Patrol Organization
b. Patrol Force Organization
c. Patrol Management
d. Patrol System Organization
QUESTION NO. 8
The hierarchy of police officers working towards
a common goal that is to safeguard the
community
a. Patrol Organization
b. Patrol Force Organization
c. Patrol Management
d. Patrol System Organization
QUESTION NO. 9
Also known as “caution signs” These sign have
equilateral triangular shape with one side
horizontal and having red borders.
a. Danger Warning Signs
b. Regulatory Sign
c. Prohibition Sign
d. Distress Signal Sign
QUESTION NO. 9
Also known as “caution signs” These sign have
equilateral triangular shape with one side
horizontal and having red borders.
a. Danger Warning Signs
b. Regulatory Sign
c. Prohibition Sign
d. Distress Signal Sign
When was the first automobile patrol was first
introduced in Manila?
a. May 7 , 1954
b. May 10, 1954
c. May 15, 1954
d. May 17, 1954
QUESTION NO. 10
When was the first automobile patrol was first
introduced in Manila?
a. May 7 , 1954
b. May 10, 1954
c. May 15, 1954
d. May 17, 1954
Part 1

TRAFFIC AND
TRANSPORTATION
DOTC
• DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND
COMMUNICATIONS
• Created by virtue Executive Order No. 125
• LARGEST BRANCH OF EXECUTIVE
DEPARTMENT
Transportation
is the movement or conveying of
persons and goods from one
location to another.
Traffic
Refers to the movement of persons, goods
and vehicles either powered by animals or
animal drawn vehicles, or by combustion
system from one place to another for the
purpose of safe travel.
The word traffic originates
from a Greco-Roman word
“TRAFICO” with reference to the
movement of people that dates
back from the dawns of history,
from the domesticated horse
drawn wheels to horseless
carriage.
The Romans claimed that traffic
came from “Trafalgar Square”
which is the the hub-center of
commerce and culture in the
heart of London.
Arrival of Cars
“Calesa” was the original mode of
transportation in the Philippines
during the Spanish colonization but
in 1909 the first ever car arrived in
Manila through one George Richard.
Traffic Management

Is the process of planning, organizing,

directing, supervising, t traffic affairs.

- The overall affairs in ensuring that traffic

system is duly manage.
DEFINITIONS
• Traffic Accident – an accident involving travel transportation on a
traffic way.
 
• Motor Vehicle Accident – is any event that results in unintended
injury or property damage attributable directly or indirectly to the
action of a motor vehicle or its load.
 
• Motor Vehicle _ is every device which is self-propelled and every
vehicle which is propelled by electric power obtained from
overhead trolley wires, but not operated upon rails.
 
DEFINITIONS
• Traffic Way – is the entire width between boundary lines of every way or place of
which any part is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular traffic as a
matter of right or custom.
 
• Key Event – an event on the road which characterizes the manner of occurrence of a
motor vehicle traffic accident.
 
• Debris – is the accumulation of broken parts of vehicles rubbish, dust and other
materials left at the scene of the accident by a collision.
 
• Skid Marks – are signs left on the roadway by tires which are not free to rotate, usually
because brakes are applied strongly and the wheels locked?
 
• Scuff Marks – one signs left on the road by tires that are sliding or scrubbing while the
wheel is still turning.
 
 
Pillars or 5E’s of Traffic Management:

• Education is the process of

giving training and travel and
practice in the actual
application of traffic safety
knowledge.
 
Traffic Education is the “Crowning Jewel of Traffic
Management”
• A. Schools (Public and Private)
 
• 1. Elementary Education:
• 2. Secondary
• 3. Higher Education:
Offer and conduct courses to private and public agencies and persons,
stressing traffic safety subjects.
 
• B. Public Information Programs
  - Responsibilities rest on all agencies who have any function relating to
traffic.
 
• C. Citizen Support Groups/ Non Government Organization
Pillars or 5E’s of Traffic Management:

• Enforcement is the action taken by

the police, such as arresting, issuing
traffic citation ticket, and giving
warning to the erring drivers for the
purpose of deterring and
discouraging and/or to preventing
such violation.
 
R.A. 4136 ( June 20, 1964)
• Land Transportation and Traffic Code.”
• Amended Revised Motor Vehicle Law
(Act. 3992)
• Law containing rules and regulations
governing the registration of motor
vehicles, operation or motor vehicles and
traffic rules and regulations
Enforcement

Land Transportation Office (LTO) :

Primary Government Agency
charged of enforcing the
provisions of R.A. 4136
Land Transportation Franchising and
Regulatory Board (LTFRB)

To prescribed and regulate transport

routes; grant, deny, suspend or
cancel land transport franchises;
prescribe and/or adjust transport
fares
- Created by virtue of E.O. 202
Metro Manila Development Authority
(MMDA)
Set the policies concerning traffic in Metro
Manila and shall coordinate and regulate the
implementation of all programs and project
concerning traffic management.

- Created under Republic Act No. 7924

• Police Traffic Law Enforcement – The part of traffic
enforcement performed by the police and other
agencies with police power including deterrent to
law violation created by the presence of uniformed
police officer and their special equipment, special
assistance to court and prosecutors and incidental
service to highway users.

• Court Traffic Law Enforcement – The part of traffic

law enforcement performed by the court by
adjudication and penalization.
 
The “MAJOR ELEMENTS” in the Traffic
Enforcement System
 
• 1. Enforcement System – consist of the legislation, police, court and penalties.
Legislation defines and specifies correct (or incorrect) road user behavior. The
police, court and to a lesser extent traffic authorities are charged with the
responsibility of ensuring that these laws are adhered to.

• 2. Road Users – include pedestrians, pedal cyclist, drivers and passengers. The road
users system can be defined in term of knowledge, skill, attitude and
characteristics, such as age, sex health, road experience, etc. These factors affect
road user behavior which is controlled favorably by the enforcement system.

• 3. Traffic System – consist of the entire road and vehicle complex. The road user
exhibits certain behavioral patterns which lead to inefficiencies in the traffic
system. These inefficiencies can be measured in term of congested flow and
accidents.
KINDS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDETS
 
• Motor Vehicle traffic accident – is any motor vehicle accident occurring on
a traffic way. E.g. ordinary collision between automobiles on a highway.

• Motor Vehicle non-traffic accident – is any motor vehicle accident which

occurs entirely in any place other than a traffic way e. g. accident on a
private driveway.

• Non-Motor vehicle traffic accident – is any accident occurring on a traffic

way involving persons using the traffic way or travel or transportation, but
not involving a motor vehicle in motion, e. g. pedestrian and cyclist in a
traffic way.
 
Kinds of Enforcement Actions
• 1. Traffic Arrest – is an enforcement action which
consist of taking a person into custody for the
purpose of holding or detaining him to answer a
charge of law violation before a court. Arrest is made
when the;
• a. Offense committed is serious.
• b. Detection is necessary to avoid continued
violation.
• c. There is reasonable doubt that the violator will
not appear in court.
Kinds of Enforcement Actions
2. Traffic Citation – is made of having violator
appear in court without physical arrest. The
issuance of citation is the most common
enforcement action by the police. His is an
efficient system since majority of violators
with minor offenses are punish promptly by
paying their fine at an administrative body
with court appearance.
Kinds of Enforcement Actions
3. Traffic Warning – is an enforcement action
which does not contemplate possible
assessment of penalty by the court or
otherwise as a result of warning alone.
a. Visual Warning
b. Verbal Warning
c. Written Warning
Pillars or 5E’s of Traffic Management:

• Engineering is the science of measuring

traffic and travel, the study of the basic
laws relative to the traffic flow and
generation, and the application of this
knowledge to the professional practice of
planning, and the operating traffic
systems to achieve safe and efficient
movement of persons and goods.
Department of Public Works and Highways
(DPWH):
• They have the responsibility for determining traffic flow
patterns, through origin and destination of person and
things, planning, approving, funding constructions of:
• a. National roads – interconnecting cities and
municipalities.
• b. A network of National roads through cities and
municipalities.
• c. A year maintenance and repair program which
includes widening and re-designing of the present road
system.
 
Road Classification
According to Political Subdivision:

• a. National Roads – The main road as medium system

with a right of way from 20 to 120 meters.
• b. Provincial Roads – The linkages between two
municipalities with right of way from 15 to 60 meters.
• c. City Roads – The inter-link between municipalities
and within the city proper with right of way of 15 meters.
• d. Municipal Roads – All roads within the town proper
with right of way of not less than 10 meters.
• e. Barangay Roads – Commonly called farm to market
road with right of way not less than 2 meters.
Classes of Traffic Signs

• A. Danger Warning Signs – These

signs are intended to warn road
users of a danger that lies ahead
and of its nature. “Caution Signs”
DANGER WARNING SIGNS
Classes of Traffic Signs
• B. Regulatory Signs – These are signs intended to warn road users of special
obligations, restrictions or prohibitions with which they must comply. They are
subdivided into:

• 1. Priority Signs – These are intended to regulate priority over a particular road
section of roadway intersection.
 
• 2. Prohibitory Signs – These signs can be used on specified section if the road which
will be easily seen by motorist to indicate regulation which is prohibitive or restrictive
in nature.
 
• 3. Mandatory Signs – These signs are intended to notify the road users of special
rules in which they must comply for the safety convenience and smooth flow of
traffic.
 
Regulatory Signs
Classes of Traffic Signs
• C. Informative Signs – These signs are intended to guide road users while
traveling and are subdivided into:
• 1. Advance Signs – These are the names and distances of the principal
destination served by the intersecting roads. 
• 2. Direction Signs – Unlike the advance direction signs, direction sign shall
be placed at the right of intersections to show the direction and destination of
route. Direction signs are different from mandatory signs since these signs
gave only information as to the direction and destination of a place while
mandatory signs require compliance.
• 3. Place Identification Signs – These maybe used to show the frontier
between two countries or for the purpose of showing the beginning and/or
end of built-up areas.
• 4. Confirmatory Signs – These are used to confirm the direction of a road.
They shall bear the name of one or more places. Where distances are shown,
the figures expressing them shall be placed after the name of the locality.
 
Informative Signs
Types of traffic control devices:
• a. Traffic or road sign – A sign usually
made of a metal plate in a conspicuous
location beside a road. It has a specific
shape and design and usually an
illustration or words for the purpose of
informing road users of applicable road
conditions and instructions.
Types of Traffic Control Devices
• b. Pavement or road markings – Means
any traffic control device marked on the
surface of the road or carriageway used
to regulate traffic or to warn or guide
road users. They are used either alone or
in conjunction with other signs or signals
to emphasize or classify their meaning.
Pavement Mark

Solid Yellow
lines –
overtaking is
not allowed
on both sides
The flow of traffic
is continuous,
overtaking is
allowed
Types of Traffic Control Devices
• c. Traffic light or traffic signals – An
electrical device usually located on highly
traveled city intersection designed to
regulate the flow of traffic by either
manually or automatically apportioning
intervals for traffic in specific directions
to flow and stop.
 
Traffic Lights
Lester Wire
The first safe, automatic
electric traffic lights were
installed in the United
States starting in the late
1890s

Traffic lights alternate the right of way accorded to road

users by displaying lights of a standard color (red,
yellow, and green) following a universal color code.
Types of Traffic Control Devices
d. Traffic island – Means any physical
structure (other than lines marked
on a thorough fare) made at or near
an intersection to guide vehicles.
TRAFFIC ISLAND
Pillars or 5E’s of Traffic Management:

Environment/Ecology is the study of dealing

with potentially disastrous population
explosion, changes in urban environment due
to the scale and density of a new urban
concentration and new activities carried out,
air pollution, water pollution and crowding,
especially transport congestion which result
therein.
- Connection of traffic situations to our
environment .
Pillars or 5E’s of Traffic Management:

Economics is the study how people

choose to use scarce or limited
productive resources to produce
commodities and distribute them for
their consumption.
The Legal system for Traffic Safety

Licensing System – In the Philippines

under R.A. 4136 as amended, the
administration of the issuance of
driver’s license is administered by
the Land Transportation Office.
Driver’s License
is issued to the driver it is not a right but
only a privilege granted by the state to its
citizen who possesses the statutory
qualification as provided therefore. This
classificatory statement is made to put to
rest a wrong notion that the driver’s
license is a right.
Kinds of Driver’s License
 
• 1. Student Permit – It is at this stage, where a novice driver
learned the origin of driving, the essential components of
motor skill and control of vehicles. The life of student permit
validity is 1 year, but after 4 months and the holder’s
competency is proven beyond question, he is now eligible to
apply for non-professional driver’s license.

• Allowed to drive only on the presence of a duly license

driver. A license driver duly accredited by the LTO, acting as
instructor to the student-driver who shall be equally
responsible and liable as the latter for any violation of the
provision of R.A. 4136.
• Validity: 1 year from the date of issuance
 
Non-Professional Driver’s License
• There are two kinds of applicants for non-professional driver’s
license:
• a. Holder of student permit for 4-5 months old, and
• b. The applicant for the renewal of the expired non-professional
driver’s license.
Restriction:
• a. The holder is allowed to drive his own vehicle only and not to
earn livelihood.
• b. The type of category of vehicle authorized to be driven is
indicated on the face of license.

• Validity: The license is valid for 3 years from the date issuance and
renewable every 3 birth months succeeding years and
automatically expires if not renewed on due date.
•  
Professional Driver’s License
• The distinctive feature of the holder of professional
driver’s license is the privilege to make driving means of
livelihood.

Restriction
• The type or category of authorized to drive is indicated on
the face of the license.
•  
• Validity: The license is valid for 3 years from date of issuance
and renewable every 3 birth months of succeeding year
and automatically expires if not renewed on due date.
Military Driver’s License
This is one of the two special types of license issued by the agency
for limited and special purpose.

• While the issuance is made by the Armed Forces of the Philippines

(AFP), however, the holder has to pass all the test and examination
in compliance with the rules and regulation thereof.

Restriction
• The holder must be military personnel and authorized to drive a
military vehicle only.
 
• Validity: The license is valid for 3 years from the date of issuance
and renewable every birth month of succeeding year and
automatically expires if not renewed on due date.
International Driver’s License
This is the second special type of license
issued for special purpose and issued by the
Philippine Motor Association (PMA).
• This kind of license is also issued to
foreigner or tourist driver’s license who desire
to drive after the period of 90 days stay or
sojourn.
Licensing Procedure
1. For student driver’s permit the applicant must be at least 16
years of age.

2. Non-professional driver’s license 17 years of age

3. Professional driver’s license 18 years of age

4. He must know how to read and write

5. Must be physically and mentally fit to drive motor vehicle and

must be clinically free from contagious diseases.
R.A. 10586
• “Anti Drunk and Drugged Driving
Law”
• Approved – May 27, 2013
• Excluded a mandatory drug test
requirement for license application
Driver’s License Restriction Code
RESTRICTIONS Vehicles Allowed
1 Motorcycles/Tricycles
2 Vehicle up to 4500KGS Gross vehicle
Weight
3 Vehicle above 4500KGS Gross vehicle
Weight

4 Automatic Clutch up to 4500 KGS Gross

Vehicle Weight
5 Automatic Clutch above 4500 KGS Gross
Vehicle Weight
6 Articulated Vehicle 1600KGS below
7 Articulated Vehicle 1601 to 4500 KGS gross
vehicle weight
8 Articulated Vehicle 4501 KGS and above
Conditions
• A - Wear eye glasses
• B – drive only with special equipment for
upper limbs
• C – Drive Only with special equipment for
lower limbs
• D – Daylight Driving Only
• E – Accompanied by person with normal
hearing
PLATE NUMBERS
• a. GREEN with WHITE background – issued to private or
not for hire MV’s
• b. BLACK with YELLOW background – issued to PUV’s
• c. RED (maroon) with WHITE background – issued to
government owned MV’s
• d. BLUE with WHITE background – assigned to
foreign diplomats, consuls and other foreign dignitaries
• e. COMMEMORATIVE PLATE – special plate numbers
are issued for specific purposes such as fund-raising for
government projects and programs
Registration of Vehicles
Last Digit of Plate Middle Digit of Plate Weekly Deadline
Number Number (working days of the
month only)
1 - Jan 6 - Jun 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

2 – Feb 7 – Jul 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

3 – Mar 8 – Aug 7 8 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

4 – Apr 9 – Sep 9 0 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

5 – May 0 – Oct 29 30 31
OLD CARPLATE

Month

Week
deadline for
registration
Protocol PLATES FOR GOVERNMENT
OFFICIALS
NUMBER OFFICIAL
1 President
2 Vice President
3 Senate President
4 Speaker
5 Chief Justice
6 CABINET Secretaries
7 Senators
8 Congressman
9 Associate Justice of SC
The Right of Way Rule
Right of way – means the right to proceed
ahead of another vehicle or pedestrian.
Note: A high percentage of all collision
occurs at intersection. Many of these
maybe attributed to the driver’s
uncertainty or failure to observe the
rules of the right of way.
Intersection

When two vehicles approach or

enter an intersection at
approximately the same time, the
driver on the left shall yield the
right of way to the vehicle on the
right.
Intersection
Pedestrian

The driver of any vehicle upon a

highway within business or
residential district shall yield the
right of way to a pedestrian
crossing such highway within
crosswalk
Pedestrian
Through Highway or Railroad Crossing

The driver of the vehicle upon a

highway shall bring to a full stop such
vehicle before traversing any
“through highway” or Railroad
crossing.
Through Highway or Railroad Crossing
Police and Other Emergency Vehicle
The driver of a vehicle upon a highway shall yield
the right of way to police or fire department
vehicles and ambulance giving audible signal, the
driver of every other vehicle shall immediately drive
the same to a position as near as possible and
parallel to the right hand edge or curb of the
highway, clear of any intersection of highway and
shall stop and remain in such position, unless
otherwise directed by a peace officer, until such
vehicle shall have passed.
Police and Other Emergency Vehicle
Important Laws
• R.A. – 8749 – Clean Air Act
• P.D. 96 – Anti Wang Wang Act
• PD – 1686 – imposes tax on air-conditioned
vehicles
• R.A 7924 – MMDA Law
• R.A. 10054 – Helmet Law
Part 2

POLICE PATROL
3 POLICE FUNCTIONS
• Crime Prevention
• Crime Investigation
• Traffic Control
PATROL
• From French word
“patrouiller” means “walk thru
puddles
• Also from German word
“patrolle”
PATROL
• The activity of roaming around in a given
area to maintain peace and order and
ensure public safety.
• “The backbone of police organization”
• The largest unit in police the police
organization which cannot be eliminated.
• The heart of police organization
Patrol Officers
• - are uniformed officers assigned
to monitor specific geographical
areas, that is to move through
their areas at regular intervals
looking out for any signs of
problems of any kind.
HENRY FIELDING
• In London 1700
• Organized a group that later became
know as “Bowstreet Runners”
• He formed Bowstreet Horse Patrol
PHILIPPINE SETTING
• Foot patrolling was initiated in the
Philippines in August 7, 1901 by virtue
of ACT 183 which known as the City
Charter of Manila.
• In 1939 Bicycle patrol was introduced in
Manila
• May 17, 1954 – automobile patrol was
first introduced in Manila/ Philippines
ISIAS ALMA JOSE
• First chief of Manila Mobile Bureau
THEORIES OF POLICE PATROL
1.) THEORY OF OMNIPRESENCE – This theory
asserts that high police visibility discourages
criminals from committing crime. Thus,
uniformed police officers and marked police
vehicles should be utilized in conducting patrol.
To prevent Crime from Happening

--- Employs use of covert operation

THEORIES OF POLICE PATROL
• LOW PROFILE THEORY – This theory asserts
that low visibility increases the opportunity of
apprehending criminals by catching them in
the act of committing a crime.
• - It promotes arrests.
PATROL STRATEGIES
1.) High Visibility Patrol – employing
of uniformed police officers and
marked police vehicles in conducting
patrol in order to deter people from
committing crime.
PATROL STRATEGIES
2. LOW VISIBILITY PATROL – the
strategy of plainclothes officers and
unmarked police vehicles while
conducting surveillance to catch
offenders in the act of committing a
crime.
PATROL STRATEGIES
3. DECOY PATROL- the use of a
distracter to deceive or lure
somebody into a trap. The officer will
play a decoy-victim while the others
wait to apprehend the violator if the
act of committing a crime.
PATROL STRATEGIES
4. Directed Deterrent Patrol- patrol
strategy in which the officers are
given specific instruction to follow,
which they are not responding to
call.
They saturate crime prone areas
PATROL STRATEGIES
5. Split Force Patrol - a portion of
patrol force is tasked to handle all
calls and to dispatched patrol units
while the other officers are given
patrol assignments.
PATROL STRATEGIES
6. Reactive Patrol – a constant activity
representing what the public expects
to do. This includes responding to
called for services, arresting
criminals and giving traffic citations
PATROL STRATEGIES

7. PROACTIVE PATROL - the

development of structured
patrol strategies in response to
an identified crime problem.
PATROL STRATEGIES
8. Team Policies – approach to bring
people and police together. It
involves the establishment of a
neighborhood crime watch, in which
the residents are primarily in charged
of patrolling their communities
PATROL
METHODS
FOOT PATROL
• The most expensive type of patrol
• Is restricted to small areas
• Person to person contact
• A patrol officer can sneaked up on a situation where a
patrol car is easily noticed when it approaches.
• Foot Patrol can be either Fixed or Moving. Fixed foot Patrol
is usually used for traffic, surveillance, parades and special
events. Moving foot Patrol is used where there is
considerable foot traffic as in business and shopping
centers, high crime areas and special areas and on streets.
Evolution of Cars
Important Personalities
• Entienne Lenoir- Invented the motorized
carriage, Internal Combustion Engine
• Nicolaus Otto and Gotlieb Daimer- Invented
Gas Engine
• Rudolf Diesel - Developed internal
combustion engine similar with gasoline
engine but does not require electrical ignition
AUTOMOBILE PATROL
• The most cost efficient method of
patrol
• Provides mobility and flexibility
• It offers greatest tacticability
when used in numbers
SOUTH KOREAN PATROL CAR
US PATROL CAR (NYPD)
SWITZERLAND PATROL CAR
PNP PATROL CAR
HORSE PATROL
• One of the oldest type of patrol next
to foot patrol
• It provides opportunity to see up
three away and cover more territory
than automobile
• Useful in patrolling large parks and
grassy areas
USES OF HORSE PATROL
• Park patrol- In most parks of any size, there are trails that are
too narrow, steep and winding for automobile patrol or even
jeep patrol.
• Beach patrol- In many areas containing large beaches, it has
been found that the horse patrol is quite suitable. The sand
and water make vehicle patrol difficult.
• Posse and Search duty- Chasing down escaped or wanted
persons who fled to mountainous areas or hunter, children or
fishermen lost in these areas.
• Parade and Crowd Control- Height and size of horses have
strong psychological advantage in dealing with the unruly
mobs.
DOG PATROL
• Know as Canine Patrol
• Usually German Sheppards
AIRCRAFT PATROL
• The use of helicopters and
aircrafts to patrol areas
where any other types of
patrol cannot go.
BICYCLE PATROL
• Type of patrol characterized by
stealth, mobility and economy.
• It operates faster than foot patrol
and can operate without
attracting too much attention
Invention of Bicycle
• It led to the invention of automotive vehicle
MOTORCYCLE PATROL
• Type of patrol characterized by ease and
speed of moving around.
• Has the ability to maneuver traffic and
access areas not accessible by patrol cars
MARINE PATROL
• Used in anti-smuggling operation and crime
committed in river banks and water ports.
• Marine or Water patrol units, aside from being highly
specialized form of patrol is likewise expensive to
maintain. In the early years of PC-INP integration, it
was the Western Police District who introduced this
typed of patrol in police work.
• The objective was to use the watercraft in the anti-
smuggling operations along Pasig River and Manila
Bay.
The Philippine Coast Guard (PCG)
• is an armed and uniformed service tasked primarily
with enforcing laws within Philippine waters,
conducting maritime security operations, safeguarding
life and property at sea, and protecting marine
environment and resources

• Established by REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5173 as repealed by

Republic Act No. 9993

• Under DOTC
TERIITORIAL UNITS DESIGNATED FOR
PATROL
• Post – a fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned
for duty
• Route – a length of streets designated for patrol purposes . Also
called line BEAT
• Beat- An area assigned for patrol purposes whether foot or
motorized
• Sector – An area containing two or more beats, routes, or posts
• District – geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes,
usually with its own station.
• Area – a section or territorial division of a large city, each
comprised of designated districts.
POLICE OMNIPRESENCE
• The Psychological feeling of people
regularly seeing police officers on the
street patrolling, thinking that policemen
are always present on their surroundings
even in instances when they are not
present.
• Reduce the determination of the
criminals to commit crimes
Police Radio Communication
Radio is the system of
communication employing electro
magnetic waves propagated thru
space because of their varying
characteristics.
It is a means used to effective and
immediately respond to a crime.
Walkie Talkie
• The first radio ever utilized by police and
military personnel
• A two way radio transceiver
• Also known as “handheld transceiver” or HT
RADIO PHONETICS ALPHABET
A ALPHA
B BRAVO
C CHARLIE
D DELTA
E ECHO
F FOXTROT
G GOLF
H HOTEL
I INDIA
J JULIET
K KILO
L LIMA
M MIKE
RADIO PHONETICS ALPHABET
N NOVEMBER
O OSCAR
P PAPA
Q QUEBEC
R ROMEO
S SIERRA
T TANGO
U UNIFORM
V VICTOR
W WHISKY
X XRAY
Y YANKEE
Z ZULU
TEN CODES
• Properly known as “ten signals”
• Code of words used to represent phrases in
voice communication, particularly in voice
transmissions
• Developed in 1937 by Association of Public
Safety Communication Officials to allow
brevity and standardization of traffic
OFFICIAL TEN CODES LIST
10-0 CAUTION
10-1 UNABLE TO COPY
10-4 ACKNOWLEDGE
10-5 RELAY
10-6 BUSY-STAND BY
10-9 REPEAT
10-10 FIGHT IN PROGRESS
10-12 STOP
10-13 WEATHER
10-15 CIVIL DISTURBANCE
10-18 QUICKLY
10-20 LOCATION
10-31 CRIME IN PROGRESS
10-33 EMERGENCY
10-34 RIOT

10-43 INFORMATION
10-50 ACCIDENT
10-51 WRECKER NEEDED
10-52 AMBULANCE NEEDED
10-57 HIT AND RUN
10-70 FIRE
10-71 ADVICE NATURE OF FIRE
10-72 REPORT PROGRESS
10-74 NEGATIVE
10-77 ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL
10-80 CHASE IN PROGRESS
10-81 BREATH ANALYZER
10-89 BOMB THREAT
10-90 BANK ALARM
10-98 JAIL BREAK
10-99 WANTED
ANY
QUESTIONS?
That in All Things, God may be
Glorified