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by NBA

• MINI PROJECT REPORT

• ODD SEMESTER AY 2019-20
• Topic : BLUETOOTH CONTROLLED CAR USING ARDUINO UNO
•
• Group Members:
• JIBRAN ZAIDI HUSAIN – 1NH18EE022
• VIKRAM.S – 1NH18EE061
• APPAJI – 1NH18EE004
• Under the Guidance of: DR.RAMKUMAR.S
• Date of Submission: 30/10/2019
• Section: A
FINAL REVIEW CONTENT
1.Title Of Project
2.Abstract
3.Literature Survey
4.Problem Identification
5.Methodology
6.Future Scope of Project

Presented by the Team

Appaji
Jibran Zaidi
Vikram.S
BLUETOOTH CONTROLLED CAR USING
ARDUINO

Abstract
The aim of our project is to design a Mobile Remote Control Robot car. The working is based on
Android OS, Arduino micro-controller, motor drivers and Bluetooth module. Arduino is an
open-source prototyping platform. This is a very simple remote control car, with an Arduino
and Bluetooth module. The idea is to first code the entire working using our previous
knowledge of programming. The code will then be simulated on software and later be
interfaced with the hardware. The controlling remote can be any smart device with android. All
the controls of the vehicle will be on the app on that device. We chose this for our major
project as robotics has become a major part of our everyday lifestyle and also have a wide
scope in the engineering field. It plays a vital role in the development of new technology.
I. INTRODUCTION

Smartphone has quite changed the traditional ways of human to machine

interaction. Smartphone is now a vital part of a person’s life. Android is a
software platform for mobile devices that includes an operating system,
middleware and key applications. Android is a safe and secure operating system.
All of its essential tools are combined in software called SDK which stands for
Software Development Kit. We know that all manual operations have been
replaced by automated mechanical operations. Our main objective of writing this
paper is to develop an Android app for controlling the robot using Bluetooth.
Bluetooth is used for its various advantages over other wireless technologies.
Hardware technology utilized in smart phones has also greatly improved. Hence,
we can say that Android smartphones will serve a great benefit for industrial,
commercial and other general purpose applications
2. LITERATURE SURVEY

Various researches have been made by different researchers in developing this

project. However, they serve a different application and have different
technologies implemented. Some of those papers are mentioned below stating
their technology and application.
Jorge Kazacos Winter [2] has developed android controlled robot automation.
Main aim of his project was the transfer of information wirelessly between a
smartphone and the robot and developing the robot and its communication
system underneath a low price and open source philosophy. He used 3D
design technique to style the structure of the robot with the facilitation of
parametrical modelling software. The style, when fed to the 3D printer can print
the parts of the robot in a layered manner one by one and can then use these
parts to assemble the robot simply. He has used Arduino micro-controller and
Wi-Fi technology in this robot.
M.Selvam [4] in his paper has projected design to develop a robotic system which
has a wireless camera attached to it for surveillance. Bluetooth was implemented
in his project for providing connection between robot and smartphone. Wireless
night vision camera was used for providing remote surveillance. The video which
is recorded by camera is then transmitted to TV unit through Radio Frequency
signal. He used 8051 micro controller for the robotic unit.

Vito M Guardi [1] has evolved the method of Bluetooth technology by developing
an android app for a robot which is driven by a microcontroller. The central idea
of his work is to show that one android app can be operated using totally
different electronic devices.
RESEARCH GAP OF THE PROJECT

Generally, prior research shows that Arduino based microcontroller applications

are very successful in robotics design, development and implementation.
It is very clear that Arduino made it easy to develop robotics applications easily,
yielding people to focus on open-source applications. This process also improved
the platforms of the Arduino (Balogh, 2010).
Table 1 shows recent studies dealing with Arduino based robotic design and
development. In this sense, it can be seen clearly that some studies mainly
focused on microcontrolled robotic applications using Arduino board (Gargava,
Sindwani, & Soman, 2014; Karvinen, & Karvinen, 2011).
On the other hand, other studies only concentrated on designing and
developing process of educational robotics system by using Arduino (Hernández,
Poot , Narváez, Llanes, & Chi, 2010; Juang & Lum, 2013; Busaidi, 2012; Balogh,
2010; Elfasakhany, Yanez, Baylon, & Salgado, 2011).
From a different perspective, Das, Sadhu, Vyas, Konar, & Bhattacharyya (2015)
showed a real-time cooperation between two robots while transporting a stick
from starting positions to fixed goal positions. Some studies focus on controlling
Arduino based robotics system by Android base APPs, which require Bluetooth
remote connection (Kulkarni, Grama, Suresh, Krishna, Antony, 2014; Patoliya,
Mehta, & Patel, 2015; Pahuja, & Kumar, 2014).
III. BLOCK DIAGRAM

The Block Diagram of our system consists of a Bluetooth module, an Arduino kit
and a couple of motors for driving the car.
drivers, and a Bluetooth module connected to the circuit. Motor drivers are used
to control the dc motors. The Arduino Uno, which is a small android chip, resides
at the centre of the unit. It is responsible for communicating with android
smartphone, using the Bluetooth module and controls the motors using the
motor driver. The RC unit is powered using 9V battery connected to this Arduino.
IV. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig. 3 Circuit Diagram of the hardware

METHODOLOGY

1. HC-05 BLUETOOTH MODULE

2. PROGRAMMED ARDUINO UNO
3. L293D MOTOR DRIVER IC
4. TWO DC MOTOR OF 60 RPM
5. USER INTERFACE
6. RC MODULE
7. WIRE CONNECTIONS
8. ANDROID APP
HC -05 BLUETOOTH

The HC-05 Bluetooth Module has 6 pins. As follows,

VCC, GND, TX, RX, Key and LED. It comes pre-programmed as a slave, so there is
no need to connect the key pin unless you need it change it to master mode the
major difference between master and slave modes is that, slave mode the
Bluetooth module cannot initiate a connection. It can however accept incoming
connections. After the connection is established the Bluetooth module can
transmit and receive data regardless of the mode it is running in. If you are using
upon to connect to the Bluetooth module, you can simply use it. The default data
transmission rate is 9600kbps.
The range for Bluetooth communication is usually 30m or less. The module has
a factory set pin of “1234”which is used while pairing the module to a phone.

Frequency:2.4GHz ISM band, Power supply:+3.3VDC

50mA,Working temperature:-20 `+75 Centigrade
Arduino Uno

Arduino boards are small electronic circuits including AT-mega microcontroller

and other electronic components. There are different types of Arduino boards
that their functionality are same, but their size, pin numbers and
Microprocessor capabilities are different. The basic idea behind the Arduino
comes from the fact that it is open-source and available to everyone interested
in developing new projects. Arduino IDE (integrated development environment)
is also very easy to install, use, and develop new sketches based on the
integrated examples. Arduino boards also support different types of shields by
which anyone interested in developing new and large projects could use it
easily.
Arduino based Robotics Technologies

The answer to question of “Why Arduino” lies beneath Arduino’ flexible and user-friendly structure. It is
very easy to distinguish Arduino boards from microcontroller due to its simple and accessible user
experience. Arduino software and hardware is very Arduino based Robotics Technologies understandable
for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users, for example, thinking of getting started with
robotics applications. In this sense, Hau-Shiue Juang, & Lum (2013), in their study, reported the design,
construction and control of a two-wheel self balancing robot.

David Mellis in Italy, Arduino board’s starting point was not education
(Arduino, 2017). In electronics, especially for robotics system, the idea of DIY
(do-it-yourself) developed rapidly with the introduction of Arduino. Later,
researchers appreciated the freedom of Arduino boards and looked for new
opportunities for their projects to create new ideas. Banzi (2008), as a co-
founder of Arduino, published a book titled as “Getting Started with
Arduino”. In his book, Banzi explained the Arduino as
“The Arduino philosophy is based on making designs rather than talking
about them. It is a constant search for faster and more powerful ways to
build better prototypes. We have explored many prototyping techniques and
developed ways of thinking with our hands.”(p.5)
A. Android Smartphone

Android is a very popular open source operating system (OS), based on the Linux
kernel, used in mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones. Android has a
very user friendly interface which relies on direct interaction between the user and
the device i.e. by using touch gestures. These gestures are like real-world actions,
which include swiping, tapping, scrolling and pinching, to control the onscreen
objects, together with a virtual keyboard for taking input in text form. In the
project, android smartphone has an installed appl which is used for controlling the
robot unit. The smartphones already come with inbuilt technology to establish
connection.
The technology we have used is Bluetooth.

B. User Interface

The user interface, of the overall system, is provided using the custom made
android app using Graphical User Interface (GUI). The GUI provides user, the
various control modes, to Control dynamically the robot unit. When the app is
started, we first establish the connection between the app and RC unit using
Bluetooth. The GUI of android provides a user friendly real-time experience to the
user, to control the robot.
C. The Android Application

An application was developed in the software Android Studio. App can be

installed on an Android smartphone to control the RC unit. The app shows
buttons for movement of the car in different directions. These commands are as
follows: Left, forward, backward and right. The code for the app is written in java.
D. RC Module (NRF24L01)

RC module is the main working unit of this system. This unit consists of the Arduino chip, the two motor
drivers, and a
Bluetooth module connected to the circuit. Motor drivers are used to control the dc motors. The
Arduino Uno, which is a small android chip, resides at the center of the unit. It is responsible for
communicating with android smartphone, using the Bluetooth module and controls the motors using
the motor driver. The RC unit is powered using 9V battery connected to this Arduino chip. The
command for controlling the module is received using Bluetooth module HC-05.
FUTURE SCOPE

As per our requirement. If we use this for surveillance purpose. We can implement the cameras or thermal sensors along with
Others sensors. Once u develop the android application, the robot can respond to intuitive forum gesture based on the
accelerometer sensor. The data respond to your voice, click a button or swipe on touchscreen. Further if we want improve
Accuracy of the rover, we can even implement sonar sensor so controlling rover from remote place can be possible. We can
Implement GPS system so it can be semi autonomous. The proposed work can be enhanced with the help pf more security
Function like password and so on.
REFERENCES

Al-Fuqaha, A., Guizani, M., Mohammadi, M., Aledhari, M., & Ayyash, M. (2015).
Internet of things: A survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications.
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 17(4), 2347-2376.

Albrecht, W., Bender, P., & Kussmann, K. (2012).

Integrating microcontrollers in undergraduate curriculum. Journal of
Computing Sciences in Colleges, 27(4), 45- 52.

Alexan, A. I., Osan, A.R., & Oniga, S. (2012). Personal assistant robot. 18th
International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging
(SIITME), 25-28 Oct. 2012 (DOI: 10.1109/SIITME.2012.6384348).

Al-Sahib, N. K. A., & Azeez, M. Z. (2015). Build and Interface Internet Mobile Robot

using Raspberry Pi and Arduino. Innovative Systems Design and Engineering,

6(1), 106-114.
Androutsopoulos, K., Gorogiannis, N., Loomes,
M., Margolis, M., Primiero, G., Raimondi, F., Varsani, P., Weldin, N., & Zivanovic, A.
(2014, May). A racket-based robot to teach first-year computer science. In 7th
European Lisp Symposium (p. 54).