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Concreting: S.M. Varsha Quincy Ashwini Samyukta Neha Shree

The document discusses the process of concreting, including the key steps of batching, mixing, transporting, placing, compacting, and curing concrete. Batching involves measuring the concrete constituents like cement, aggregate, and water. Mixing is typically done using stationary mixers to ensure homogeneity. Transportation to the work site uses methods like wheelbarrows, belt conveyors, pumps, and transit mixers. Placement and compaction eliminate air pockets using vibrators. Finally, curing maintains moisture to allow hydration to complete.

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35 views

Concreting: S.M. Varsha Quincy Ashwini Samyukta Neha Shree

The document discusses the process of concreting, including the key steps of batching, mixing, transporting, placing, compacting, and curing concrete. Batching involves measuring the concrete constituents like cement, aggregate, and water. Mixing is typically done using stationary mixers to ensure homogeneity. Transportation to the work site uses methods like wheelbarrows, belt conveyors, pumps, and transit mixers. Placement and compaction eliminate air pockets using vibrators. Finally, curing maintains moisture to allow hydration to complete.

Uploaded by

shivarajs12340987
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONCRETING

S.M. VARSHA
QUINCY
ASHWINI
SAMYUKTA
NEHA SHREE
CONCRETING

•CONCRETE IS A POROUS MATERIAL WHICH IS MADE BY THE MIXTURE OF CEMENT,


AGGREGATE , WATER AND ADMIXTURES

•THE CONSTITUENTS OF CONCRETE HAVE TO PREPARED AND TREATED PROPERLY,


BEFORE CONCRETING FOR ATTAINING THE DESIRED QUALITIES SUCH AS STRENGTH,
WORKABILITY AND DURABILITY
PROCESS OF CONCRETING
•BATCHING: THE MEASUREMENT OF MATERIALS SUCH AS CEMENT, COARSE
AGGREGATE AND WATER.

•THERE ARE TWO METHODS OF BATCHING:


VOLUME BATCHING:
• IT IS NOT A GOOD METHOD FOR PROPORTIONING THE MATERIALS BECAUSE OF
THE DIFFICULTY IT OFFERS TO MEASURE THE GRANULAR MATERIALS IN TERMS
OF VOLUME
• VOLUME OF MOIST SAND IN LOOSE CONDITION WEIGHS MUCH LESS THAN THE
SAME VOLUME OF DRY COMPACTED SAND
WEIGH BATCHING:
• USE OF WEIGH SYSTEM IN BATCHING FACILITATES
ACCURACY, SIMPLICITY AND FLEXIBILITY .
• DIFFERENT TYPES OF WEIGH BATCHERS ARE
AVAILABLE, TYPE TO BE USED DEPENDS ON THE
NATURE OF THE JOB
1. MANUAL WEIGH BATCHING: ALL WEIGHING AND
BATCHING OF CONCRETE ARE DONE MANUALLY. IT IS
USED FOR SMALL JOBS
2. SEMI AUTOMATIC : BATCHING AGGREGATE
OPERATED SWITCHES. AND GATES ARE CLOSED
AUTOMATICALLY WHEN THE MATERIALS HAS BEEN
DELIVERED. THIS SYSTEM ALSO CONTAINS INTERLOCK
WHICH PREVENTS CHARGING AND DISCHARGING.
3. FULLY AUTOMATIC: THE MATERIALS ARE
ELECTRICALLY ACTIVATES BY SINGLE SWITCH AND
COMPLETE AUTOGRAPHIC RECORD ARE MADE OF
THE WEIGHT OF EACH MATERIAL.THE BATCHING
PLANT COMPRISES 2,3,4 OR 6 COMPARTMENT BINS
OF SEVERAL CAPACITIES. OVER THE CONVEYER BELT
THE WEIGH BATCHERS DISCHARGING ARE PROVIDED
BELOW THE BIN.
MIXING:

THE MIXING SHOULD BE ENSURE THAT THE MASS BECOMES HOMOGENEOUS , UNIFORM
IN COLOUR AND CONSISTENCY . METHODS OF MIXING :
• 1.HANDS(USING HAND SHOVELS)
• 2.STATIONARY MIXERS
• 3.READY MIX CONCRETE

HAND MIXING
MIXING INGREDIENTS OF CONCRETE BY HANDS
USING ORDINARY TOOLS LIKE, HAND SHOVELS ETC.
THIS TYPE OF MIXING IS DONE FOR LESS OUTPUT
OF CONCRETE.

STATIONARY MIXERS
• CONCRETE IS SOMETIME MIXED AT JOBSITE IN A STATIONARY MIXER HAVING A SIZE OF
9 CUBIC METER .
• THESE MIXERS MAY BE OF : 1. TILTING TYPE , 2. NON-TILTING TYPE
TILTING TYPE MIXER:
•IT CONSISTS A CONICAL DRUM WHICH ROTATES ON AN
INCLINABLE AXIS
•IT HAS ONLY ONE OPENING
•THE DRUM CHANGED DIRECTLY AND DISCHARGED BY TILTING
AND REVERSING THE DRUM

NON TILTING TYPE MIXER:


•THE MIXING DRUM IS CYLINDRICAL IN SHAPE AND REVOLVES
TWO- HORIZONTAL AXIS
•IT HAS OPENING ON BOTH SIDES.
•THE INGREDIENTS ARE CHARGES IN FROM ONE OPENING
•FOR DISCHARGING CONCRETE CHUTE IS INTRODUCING TO OTHER
OPENING BY OPERATING A LEVER

TWIN SHAFT MIXER:


• THE TWIN SHAFT MIXER CAN ENSURE AN EVEN MIXTURE OF
CONCRETE AND LARGE OUTPUT WITH HIGH QUALITY. IT CONSIST
OF MIXER, WITH COUNTER ROTATING SHAFTS, DELIVERS FAST
MIXING ACTION AND RAPID DISCHARGE
•THEY ARE FAST AND EFFICIENT, BUT CAN BE MAINTENANCE-
INTENSIVE SINCE THEY INCLUDE SEVERAL MOVING PARTS THAT
ARE SUBJECTED TO A HEAVY LOAD.
TRANSPORTING:
WHEN THE MIXING IS DONE PROPERLY THE FRESHLY MADE CONCRETE IS THEN
TRANSPORTED TO THE CONSTRUCTION SITE. AFTER THAT, THE CONCRETE IS CORRECTLY
PLACED ON THE FORMWORKS.

EQUIPMENTS FOR TRANSPORTING:


MORTAR PAN : CONCRETE IS CARRIED IN SMALL QUANTITIES

WHEEL BARROWS AND BUGGIES : SHORT FLAT HAULS ON ALL


TYPES OF ONSITE CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

BELT CONVEYORS : CONVEYING CONCRETE HORIZONTALLY


OR HIGHER/LOWER LEVEL.
CRANES AND BUCKETS : USED FOR WORK ABOVE GROUND
LEVEL , BUCKETS USE WITH CRANES, CABLEWAYS, AND
HELICOPTERS.

PUMPS : CONVEYING CONCRETE FROM CENTRAL DISCHARGE


POINT TO FORMWORK.

TRANSIT MIXER : USED FOR TRANSPORTING THE CONCRETE OVER LONG


DISTANCE PARTICULARLY IN RMC PLANT .
COMPACTION:
COMPACTION IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH THE
AIR BUBBLES ARE ELIMINATED FROM THE
FRESHLY PLACED CONCRETE. IT IS REQUIRED TO
ENHANCE ULTIMATE STRENGTH OF
CONCRETE. IN THE PROCESS OF MIXING ,
TRANSPORTING AND PLACING OF CONCRETE
AIR IS LIKELY TO GET ENTRAPPED IN THE
CONCRETE .
• IT HAS BEEN FOUND FROM THE
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES THAT 1% AIR IN THE
CONCRETE APPROXIMATELY REDUCES THE
STRENGTH BY 6%.
• IF WE DON’T EXPEL THIS AIR, IT WILL RESULT
INTO HONEYCOMBING AND REDUCED
STRENGTH
COMACTION IS ACHIEVED THROUGH THE USE OF
MECHANICAL VIBRATORS. THERE ARE THREE TYPES:

•INTERNAL VIBRATORS: INTERNAL VIBRATORS


VIBRATES AT HIGH FREQUENCY (HIGH AT 10,000 TO
15,000 VIB/MIN) THEY ARE POWERED BY ELECTRIC
MOTORS OR COMRESSED AIR

•SURFACE VIBRATORS: THESE EXERTS THEIR EFFECT AT


THE TOP SURFACE OF THE CONCRETE AND
CONSOLIDATE THE CONCRETE. THESE VIBRATORS
OPERATE AT A RANGE OF 3000 TO 6000 VIB./MIN

•FORM VIBRATORS: THESE ARE THE EXTERNAL


VIBRATORS ATTACHED TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE FORM
OR MOULD. THEY VIBRATE THE FORM AND THAT
INTURN VIBRATE THE CONCRETE
CURING:

CURING IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH THE CONCRETE KEEPS ITS MOISTURE FOR A
CERTAIN TIME PERIOD TO COMPLETE THE HYDRATION PROCESS.
CURING METHODS CAN BE DIVIDED INTO:
•WATER CURING
•MEMBRANE CURING
•APPLICATION OF HEAT

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