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Mole calculations - Google Docs

The document provides a formula sheet for stoichiometry, detailing key concepts such as relative atomic mass, molar mass, and Avogadro's constant. It explains calculations for number of moles, concentration of solutions, and the distinction between empirical and molecular formulas. Additionally, it covers theoretical yield, actual yield, and percentage purity in chemical reactions.

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5 views

Mole calculations - Google Docs

The document provides a formula sheet for stoichiometry, detailing key concepts such as relative atomic mass, molar mass, and Avogadro's constant. It explains calculations for number of moles, concentration of solutions, and the distinction between empirical and molecular formulas. Additionally, it covers theoretical yield, actual yield, and percentage purity in chemical reactions.

Uploaded by

imbesata0810
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‭ STOICHIOMETRY CAIE‬‭3.1: Formulae TOPIC 3 3.

2: Relative‬‭masses of atoms and molecules‬


3
‭3.3: The mole and the Avogadro constant‬

‭Stoichiometry‬

‭Formula sheet‬

‭mass of one atom of the element‬


‭1 Relative atomic mass =‬
‭1‬
‭mass of‬ ‭12‬‭of an atom of carbon -12‬

‭(abundance × isotopic mass)‬‭of isotope 1 + (abundance × isotopic mass) of isotope 2 + …‬


‭2 Relative atomic mass=‬
‭100‬

‭3 Relative formula mass = sum of relative atomic masses of all atoms in the formula 4 Molar‬

‭mass = mass of 1 mole = (A‬‭r‬‭or M‬‭r‬‭expressed in grams).‬‭Units = g/mol‬‭5 Number of moles =‬

‭mass‬

‭g‬
‭molar mass‬‭Units =‬
‭g/mol‬‭= mol‬

‭6 Avogadro’s constant = 6‬‭×‬‭10‬‭23‬‭particles/mol‬

‭number of particles‬
‭7 Number of moles =‬
‭Avogadro's constant‬

‭8 Room temperature and pressure / rtp = 25‬‭°‭C


‬ and 1‬‭atm‬

‭9 Molar volume of a gas at rtp = volume of 1 mole of a gas = 24 dm‬‭3‭/‬ mol =‬


‭24 000 cm‬‭3‬‭/mol‬
‭(1 dm‬‭3‬‭= 1000 cm‬‭3‬‭)‬

‭cm‬‭��‬
‭molar volume‬‭Units =‬
‭Units =‬ ‭��‬
‭volume‬ ‭dm‬
‭10 Number of moles =‬
‭��‬
‭��‬ ‭dm‬ ‭/mol‬=
‭ mol‬
‭cm‬ ‭/mol‬‭= mol‬
‭A‬
‭11 Percentage composition of an element =‬ ‭r‬‭of the‬‭element × number of atoms in the formula‬

‭M‬‭r‬‭of the compound‬‭×‬‭100%‬


‭(by mass)‬

‭12 Empirical formula shows the‬‭simplest ratio‬‭in which‬‭the atoms combine.‬


‭Molecular formula shows the‬‭exact ratio‬‭in which the‬‭atoms combine.‬
‭3 STOICHIOMETRY CAIE‬

‭13 Formula mass = n‬‭×‬‭M‭r‬‬‭from empirical formula‬

‭M‬
‭14 n =‬ ‭r‬‭or formula mass‬
‭M‭r‬‬‭from empirical formula‬

‭15 Limiting reactant: reactant that is‬‭completely‬‭used up‬‭in a reaction.‬


‭Excess reactant: reactants that are not used up completely.‬

‭mass of‬‭solute in g‬
‭16 Concentration of a solution (in g/dm‬‭3‬‭) =‬
‭3‬ ‭g‬
‭volume of solution in dm‬ ‭Units =‬
‭��‬
‭dm‬ ‭= g/dm‬‭3‬
‭mol‬‭es‬‭of solute in mol‬
‭17 Concentration of a solution (in mol/dm‬‭3‬‭) =‬
‭3‬ ‭mol‬
‭volume of solution in dm‬ ‭Units =‬
‭��‬
‭dm‬ ‭= mol/dm‬‭3‬

‭18 Concentration in g/dm‬‭3‬‭= concentration in mol/dm‬‭3‬‭×‬‭molar mass‬

‭19 Theoretical yield = expected yield obtained from mole calculations‬


‭Actual yield = yield obtained from experiment‬

‭actual yield‬
‭20 Percentage yield =‬
‭theoretical yield‬‭×‬‭100%‬

‭amount of pure substance‬


‭21 Percentage purity =‬
‭total amount of substance used (including impurities)‬‭×‬‭100%‬

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