Common Name: MALUKO

Scientific Name: PISONIA UMBELLIFERA

(J.R.FORST. & G.FORST.) SEEM.
Family Name: NYCTAGINACEAE

Maluko is an erect, unarmed, smooth or nearly smooth tree, attaining a

height of 10 meters. Leaves are thin, very pale green or greenish yellow -
those at the end of branches being nearly white- oblong-ovate, 12 to 15
centimeters long, with pointed apex and rounded base. Flowers are borne in
terminal, dense, corymbose cymes. Male flowers are white or greenish-white,
25 PLANT SPECIES
about 6 millimeters long. Female flowers are smaller. Fruit is long-
pedicelled, club-shaped, 12 to 18 millimeters long, 5-angled, each angle
bearing one row of prickles.
Uses:
Fresh leaves moistened with Eau-de-Cologne used to subdue elephantoid
PROJECT IN
inflammation of the legs.
Leaves cooked or eaten by people suffering from arthritis or rheumatism.
Leaves used as carminative, to expel flatulence.
In traditional Indian medicine, used as an anti-diabetic, anti-
DENDROLOGY
inflammatory; used in the treatment of algesia, ulcer, dysentery and
snake bites.
COMPILED BY: BRANDON DUSTIN C. VALERA
Reference: Maluko, Pisonia alba, LETTUCE TREE, Jiao guo mu :
Follow Us @brandondustinvalera
Philippine herbal therapy / Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Maluko
Common Name: OLIVA Common Name: BALIMBING
Scientific Name: CYCAS REVOLUTA THUNB. Scientific Name: AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA L.
Family Name: CYCADACEAE Family Name: OXALIDACEAE

Oliva is a cycad with a stout and cylindric trunk marked with prominent Balimbing is a small tree growing to a height of 6 meters or less. Leaves
scars, in the Philippines usually not growing more than a meter in height, are pinnate, about 15 centimeters long. Leaflets are smooth, usually in 5
elsewhere reported to grow as high as 5 meters. Leaves are numerous, pairs, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, the upper ones about 5 centimeters long
crowded, spreading, 0.5 to 1.5 meters long. Leaflets are very numerous, and the lower ones smaller. Panicles are small, axillary and bell-shaped, 5 to
close, and linear; 18 centimeters long in the middle, 4 to 6 millimeters wide, 6 millimeters long. Calyx is reddish purple. Petals are purple to bright purple,
the upper surface glabrous, the lower, hairy. Ovules are hairy. Seeds are on often margined with white. Fruit is fleshy, green to greenish yellow, about 6
loosely arranged leaves around the stem. Seeds are large, plum-like, and centimeters long, with 5 longitudinal, sharp and angular lobes. Seeds are
pale-yellow to tan. arillate.
Uses: Uses:
Fleshy seeds, leaves, unprocessed flour from stem pith considered Edible fruit is a source of iron (low in calcium) and vitamins B and C,
poisonous. Considered by some to be toxic only if consumed in large oxalate and potassium.
quantities. Because of high potassium content, the fruit should be excluded from
Seeds are widely consumed as food and medicine (as tonic or poultices) the diets of patients with renal failure.
in southern Japan, the Chamorros of Guam, and the Auyu people of New In the Philippines, the fruit is eaten with or without salt; the juice used
Guinea, Australia, and the western Pacific Islands. for seasoning.
Seeds are dried and ground into powder, and mixed with brown rice and Fruit used in making pickles and sweets. In Java, flowers are used in
fermented into "date miso" or "sotetsu miso." salads.

Reference: Oliba / Cycas revoluta / OLIVA: Philippine Medicinal Reference: Balimbing / Averrhoa carambola L./ Star fruit / Yang tao:
Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). Philippine Herbal Therapy/ Philippine Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.org/Oliba.html http://www.stuartxchange.org/Balimbing.html
Common Name: IGEM- DAGAT Common Name: ALIBANGBANG
Scientific Name: PODOCARPUS COSTALIS C.PRESL. Scientific Name: BAUHINIA MALABARICA ROXB.
Family Name: PODOCARPACEAE Family Name: FABACEAE

Igem-Dagat is a shrubby tree reaching up to 5 m tall, characterized by Alibangbang is a small tree, usually reaching 3 to 7 m tall, occasionally
smooth, greenish bark that peels in thin flakes. It has a broad crown with to 15 m. Bark is gray and smooth, becoming reddish-brown when mature.
contorted branches densely covered in leathery leaves, which are dull bluish Leaves are sub-cordate, butterfly-shaped, simple and alternate, 7-20 cm
green above and yellowish green beneath, measuring 4-7 cm long. The leaves long and wide. Petioles are 2.5-6 cm long. Flowers are five-petaled, borne in
have a wedge-shaped base and are supported by short petioles. Pollen cones short, axillary raceme clusters; petals are pale pinkish, large and spreading,
are 2.5-3.5 cm long, found in leaf axils, while seed cones are short-stalked measuring 0.5 cm long and 0.3 cm wide, with 1 single, curved stamen
and turn bright red to purple when mature, measuring 10-15 mm long. The measuring 25 - 50 mm long, style about 35 mm long. Fruit is a large, brown,
seeds are dark blue, leathery, and 9-10 mm long with a hard inner shell. flattened pod measuring 12-25 cm long and 2-3 cm wide, containing 10-20
seeds. Seeds are flat, 10-12 mm long and 7-8 mm wide.
Uses: Uses:
Fruits are edible, described by Batanes locals as "delicious, sweet, Leaves and pods eaten as vegetable in China.
somewhat sticky". In Africa, pods are pounded and boiled in water to provide a laxative
Potential for jams, preserves, teas, tarts. drink.
In Brazil, used for diabetes.
In India pod is used as astringent for diarrhea, dysentery and as cure for
fever. Decoction of root and bark used for leprosy and small pox. Leaf
extracts used for eye ailments.

Reference: Arius, Podocarpus costalis, SEABLUFF PODOCARP/ Reference: Alibangbang, Bauhinia monandra, PINK BUTTERFLY TREE :
Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). http://www.stuartxchange.org/Arius Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.org/Alibangbang.html
Common Name: BUNYA PINE Common Name: TABON TABON
Scientific Name: ARAUCARIA BIDWILLII HOOK.. Scientific Name: ATUNA RACEMOSA RAF.
Family Name: ARAUCARIACEAE Family Name: CHRYSOBALANACEAE

Bunya Pine is a large evergreen conifer that can grow up to 50 m tall, Tabon-Tabon is a mid-canopy tree up to 31 m tall and 90 cm dbh.
with a single, unbranched trunk up to 1.5 m in diameter and dark brown or Stipules long and semi-persistent, especially conspicuous at the twig tip.
black flaky bark. Its distinctive egg-shaped silhouette comes from whorled Leaves alternate, simple, penni-veined. Flowers ca. 13 mm in diameter,
branches, which are mostly horizontal, with some ascending or drooping. The white-yellowish, with long protruding anthers, placed in racemes. Fruits ca.
small, rigid leaves are glossy green above and paler below, measuring up to 5 58 mm long, brownish, drupe.
cm long and arranged in alternating pairs. The male cones, up to 20 cm long,
mature from October to November, while the larger female cones can reach Uses:
30 cm long and 20 cm wide, maturing from December to March, featuring Fruits are edible.
50-100 pointed segments that enclose edible seeds measuring 2.5-5 cm In the Philippines, fruits are traditionally used in the preparation of
long. kinilaw (dish of raw fish in vinegar or citrus juices) to neutralize the
Uses: fishy taste and acidity of the raw seafood dish. (3)
Kernels are edible: The tough protective shell splits when boiled or put in In Mindanao, grated fruits used as fish condiment.
a fire. The kernel's flavor is compared to chestnut and cooked potato,
although less intense in aroma and flavor. In South Africa bark used for
treatment of amenorrhea: One tablespoonful of grated bark is poured in
about 750 cc of cold water, infused for a day, and taken 4 tablespoons
at a time; also used as body wash and steam wash.

Reference: Names/ Alternative medicine. (n.d.). Reference: Tabon-tabon / Atuna excelsa / IFIFI / Pipi tree /
http://www.stuartxchange.org/BunyaBunya Merbatu/ Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.org/TabonTabon
Common Name: ITALIAN CYPRESS Common Name: LAGO
Scientific Name: CUPRESSUS SEMPERVIRENS L. Scientific Name: PRUNUS GRISEA (C. MUELL.) KALKM.
Family Name: CUPRESSACEAE Family Name: ROSACEAE

Italian Cypress is a large perennial plant that can grow to four meters Lago is a tree or shrub characterized by pubescent to rapidly
high, on a single trunk and branching that increases in circumference with glabrescent twigs. Its leaves vary in shape from elliptic to oblong,
age. Leaves are small and scale-like. measuring 2-20 cm long and 1-9 cm wide, with a rounded or acute base and
usually an acuminate apex. The leaves have 4-11 pairs of nerves and may
Uses: have basal glands, while the petiole ranges from 0.25 to 1.5 cm. Stipules
Limited folkloric medicinal use in the Philippines. are 1.5-8 mm long, often glandular. The solitary racemes, found in the axils
Believed to be beneficial for pulmonary diseases. of leaves, range from 0.5 to 6.5 cm in length, with sparsely pubescent
Used for whooping cough, hemoptysis, colds, flu and sore throats. peduncles. The hypanthium is 1.5-4 mm high and can be glabrous inside or
Tea made from leaves, 20 gms to a pint of boiling water. sparsely hairy outside. Flowers have 6-13 perianth segments and 15-50
Cones and nuts are astringent and helpful in stopping bleeding. stamens. Fruits are globular to transversely ellipsoid, measuring 6-13 mm
Tea in small doses, two tbsp every two hours, used for diarrhea. long and 7-16 mm wide, often glabrous or sparsely hairy, with a glabrous
For pyorrhea and bleeding gums, rinse the mouth with the tea. seed coat.
Used for bleeding piles, menorrhagia.
Essential oil from leaves and cones used for aromatherapy. Also used for Uses:
muscular cramping,arthritic and rheumatic complains. Bark used for skin irritation.
Leaves used for rheumatism.

Reference: Cypres / Cupressus sempervirens/ Cypress: Philippine Reference: Lago, Prunus grisea, TANGA-TANGA / Alternative
Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Herbal Medicine. (n.d.). Medicine. (n.d.). http://www.stuartxchange.org/Lago
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Cypres.html
Common Name: MAMALIS
Common Name: BENGUET PINE
Scientific Name: PITTOSPORUM PENTANDRUM
Scientific Name: PINUS INSULARIS ENDL.
(BLANCO) MERR.
Family Name: PINACEAE
Family Name: PITTOSPORACEAE

A fast-growing evergreen, coniferous tree growing to a height of 30 to Mamalis is a tree occasionally reaching heights of 20 meters, although
45 meters. Bole is straight with a diameter of 50 to 80 centimeters. Lower it is usually much smaller. Whole tree is smooth except for its
branches are large, horizontal and drooping, the upper branches are inflorescence. Leaves are narrowly elliptic, 6 to 15 centimeters long, and
ascending to form a rounded pyramidal crown. Leaves are in fascicles of 3 to less than 2 centimeters wide, and gradually narrowed at both ends. Flowers
5, glossy dark green, up to 30 centimeters long. Cones are conic-oblong, up are white, fragrant, about 6 millimeters long, crowded in panicles 5 to 8
to 15 centimeters long. centimeters in length. Fruit is small, globular, pale yellow to orange,
Distribution somewhat rounded when fresh, 6 to 8 millimeters in diameter. Seeds are
about 8, flattened, covered with a glossy red, oily and sticky mucus, with an
Uses: odor reminiscent of petroleum.
Oil of turpentine: Obtained from the oleo-resin of all pine trees is
antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, and vermifuge. Applied externally Uses:
as liniment plasters and poultices or used as herbal steam baths and Aromatic decoction of leaves used by women for postpartum baths.
inhalers. Also used for bronchitis.
Leaf oil used for medicinal baths. Decoction of leaves used as aromatic bath after childbirth or prolonged
illness.
Fruit juice and decoction used for cleansing wounds.

Reference: Cuban pine, pinus caribaea Morelet : Philippine Medicinal Reference: Mamalis / Pittosporum pentandrum: Philippine Medicinal
Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/CubanPine http://www.stuartxchange.com/Mamalis
Common Name: TABOAN Common Name: MALUNGAI
Scientific Name: PANDANUS DUBIUS SPRENG. Scientific Name: MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM.
Family Name: PANDANACEAE Family Name: MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM.

This dioecious tree typically grows 8-20 m tall, often appearing as a Malunggay is a much-branched small tree growing as high as 9 meters,
slow-growing, low-rosette shrub with stout, sparingly branched trunks and with a soft and white wood and corky and gummy bark. Leaves are
large, prickly prop roots up to 5 m long. It has smooth brownish bark and alternate, usually thrice pinnate, 25 to 50 centimeters long. Each
thick, spongy leaves measuring 1-5 m by 10-15 cm, featuring prickly margins compound leaf contains 3-9 very thin leaflets dispersed on a compound (3
and a folded outer third. Male inflorescences are stout racemes up to 40 cm times pinnate) stalk. The leaflets are thin, ovate to elliptic, and 1 to 2
long with creamy-white spikes, while female inflorescences form solitary centimeters long. Flowers are white and fragrant, 1.5 to 2 centimeters
globular heads 20-35 cm in diameter, containing 50-90 large carpellate long, on spreading panicles. Pod is 15 to 30 centimeters long, pendulous,
phalanges with 1-2 celled drupes. Ripe phalanges are ellipsoid or obovoid, and three-angled, and nine-ribbed. Seeds are three-angled, and winged on the
seeds are broad ellipsoid, measuring 10-16 mm long. angles.
Uses:
Uses: Decoction of leaves used for hiccups, asthma, gout, back pain,
Large seeds are edible, with a taste of coconut. In Guam, eaten as relish. rheumatism, wounds and sores.
In India, roots used for treatment of diarrhea. Young leaves, usually boiled, used to increase the flow of breast milk.
In the Philippines, Indonesia, and New Guinea, broad and thick leaves Pods for intestinal parasitism.
used for coarse weaving to make mats. Leaves and fruit used for constipation.
Decoction of boiled roots used to wash sores and ulcers.
Decoction of the bark used for excitement, restlessness.

Reference: Taboan, Bakong, Pandanus dubius, KNOB-FRUITED Reference: Malunggay / Ben Oil Tree / Moringa oleifera / La mu: Philippine
SCREWPINE / Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). Herbal Medicine / Philippine Alternative Medicine / StuartXchange. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Malungay
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Taboan
Common Name: ACACIA
Common Name: BOLO
Scientific Name: ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS A.
Scientific Name: GIGANTOCHLOA LEVIS (BLANCO) MERR.
CUNN. EX. BENTH.
Family Name: POACEAE
Family Name: MIMOSACEAE

This densely tufted, sympodial bamboo can reach heights of up to 20 m, Acacia auriculiformis is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 15
with a diameter of 16 cm or more. Its erect culms are plain green, with nodes meters tall, with a trunk measuring up to 12 meters long and 50
that are not noticeably swollen and internodes up to 45 cm long, densely centimeters in diameter. It features angular, glabrous branchlets and
covered in dark hairs at the base and scattered hairs higher up. Branches smooth, gray or brown bark that becomes rough and fissured with age. The
emerge from midculm nodes with one dominant secondary branch and several dense foliage has an open, spreading crown, with leaves reduced to
lesser leafy branches. The culm sheath is broadly triangular, measuring 10- phyllodes—flattened, slightly curved structures 11-20 cm long, dark green
34 cm long and pale to medium green with dark brown hairs. Young shoots with 3-7 parallel veins. Flowers are small, fragrant, and yellow-orange,
are slightly triangular, brown-green to green, and hairy. Leaf blades measure arranged in spikes at leaf axils or stem tips. The fruit is a flat, dehiscent
8-35 cm by 2-7 cm, with a short, pale-hairy lower surface. Inflorescences pod about 6.5 cm by 1.5 cm, twisted upon maturity, while the seeds are
typically appear on leafless culms, featuring puberulent long branches with shiny, black, and hard, measuring 4-6 mm by 3-4 mm.
clusters of up to 75 pseudo-spikelets at the nodes, each pseudo-spikelet
measuring 10-12 mm long and consisting of several bracts, glumes, and Uses:
perfect florets. Bark used for pain and inflammation; also used for treatment of cancer.
4o mini Root extracts used for treatment of aches and pains, and sore eyes.
In Australia, aboriginal people rub the lather obtained from pods on to
Uses: soothe itchy skin. Bark extract used to treat rheumatism.
Juice from stem drunk for fever. In Central Africa, a folk remedy for diabetes.

Reference: Bolo, Gigantochloa levis, PORING BAMBOO/ Alternative Reference: Auri, *Acacia auriculiforis, EARPOD WATTLE, Japanese
Medicine. (n.d.). http://www.stuartxchange.com/Bolo acacia/ Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Auri
Common Name: NIOG Common Name: GUAVA
Scientific Name: COCOS NUCIFERA L. Scientific Name: PSIDIUM GUAJAVA L.
Family Name: ARECACEAE Family Name: MYRTACEAE

The coconut palm is an erect, unarmed tree that can reach heights of up Bayabas is a somewhat hairy plant reaching a height of 8 meters.
to 25 meters, with a stout trunk measuring 30 to 50 centimeters in Young branches are 4-angled. Leaves are opposite, oblong to elliptic, and 5
diameter and thickened at the base. Its leaves, crowded at the apex, are 3.5 to 1 centimeters long, the apex being pointed, and the base usually
to 6 meters long with a sturdy petiole. Leaflets are numerous, bright green, rounded. Peduncles are 1- to 3-flowered. Flowers are white, 3 to 3.5
and linear-lanceolate, measuring 60 to 100 centimeters long. The spadix is centimeters across, with in-curved petals, coming out solitary or two to
about 1 meter long and drooping, with small yellowish male flowers and larger three in the leaf axils. Numerous stamens form the attractive part of the
rounded female flowers. The fruit varies in size, shape, and color, typically flower. Inferior ovaries develop into round or obovoid green fruits 4 to 9
obovoid to subglobose, measuring 15 to 25 centimeters long. It has a fibrous centimeters long, turning yellow on ripening and have edible, aromatic,
husk covering a hard shell, which contains a thick layer of white endosperm seedy pulp.
and liquid coconut water. The fruit consists of an outer epicarp, fibrous
mesocarp, and hard endocarp, with the embryo located opposite one pore. Uses:
Uses: Wound washing
Myriads of use in the traditional systems worldwide: abscesses, asthma, Infection prevention
baldness, burns and bruises,, cough and colds, kidney stones, scabies, Toothache relief
ulcers, among many others. Wound cleaning
Dandruff: Massage oil on scalp, leave overnight, and wash hair. Diarrhea relief
Diarrhea and/or vomiting

Reference: Niyog / Cocos nucifera / COCONUT/ virgin coconut oil : Reference: Bayabas / Psidium guajava / GUAVA / Fan shi liu: Herbal
Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). Medicinal Plants / Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Bayabas.html
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Niyog2.html
Common Name: BAMBAN Common Name: MALABUNGA
Scientific Name: DONAX CANNAEFORMIS (G. FORST.) Scientific Name: ALSEODAPHNE MALABONGA
K. SCHUM (BLANCO) KOSTERM.
Family Name: MARANTACEAE Family Name: LAURACEAE

Bamban is a rhizomatous shrub with stems up to 2 to 3 meters tall, This tree can grow up to 33 m tall, with a trunk girth of up to 300 cm.
several growing in a cluster, smooth, and widely branched. Leaves are short- The bark is gray or gray-brown, smooth to slightly scaly, and the inner bark
petioled, thin, smooth, ovate, 15 to 18 centimeters long and 9 centimeters is fragrant and yellow-brown. Leaves are alternate or subopposite,
wide. Petioles are about 1 centimeter long. Panicles are loosely- and few- leathery, and oval to oblong, measuring 6-17 by 2-6 cm, often drying dark
branched. Calyx tube is about 1 centimeter long, with lanceolate segments brown. Flowers are yellow and hairy, clustered in much-branched shoots at
which are acute and ribbed. Corolla lobes are white, linear to oblong, and leaf axils. The oblong fruits, measuring 3 by 1 cm when dry, ripen from
longer than the tube. Staminodes are obovate and large, with the tip smaller, shiny green to reddish or black, with pink stalks.
obovate and clawed. Anther, filament and lobe are linear. Fruit is globoid to
ellipsoid, slightly hairy, about 1 centimeter in diameter, and whitish. Seeds Uses:
are oblong, grooved and strongly wrinkled. Gum and oil
Uses: Incense sticks
Roots, brewed in decoction, are used as antidote for snake bites and for Construction wood
blood poisoning. Insecticide
Ayta communities from Porac, Pampanga use the plant for the treatment Mosquito coils
of pasma. Juice from young curled up leaves used for sore eyes. Juice
from crushed roots used for fungal infections.
• Infusion of young shoots drunk for treatment of fever.

Reference: Bamban, Donax cannaeformis, COMMON DONAX, Zhu Ye Reference: Malabunga / Nothaphoebe umbelliflora / Common false laurel
Jiao / Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine. / Bong tree/ Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Malabunga
(n.d.). http://www.stuartxchange.com/Bamban.html
Common Name: MAGNOLIA Common Name: MALAIKMO
Scientific Name: MAGNOLIA COCO (LOUR.) DC. Scientific Name: CELTIS PHILIPPENSIS BLANCO
Family Name: MAGNOLIACEAE Family Name: CELTIDACEAE/ CANNABACEAE

Magnolia coco is a medium-sized shrub or a small tree growing to 3 These evergreen trees can reach up to 30 m tall, with grayish white to
meters. Leaves are smooth alternate, acuminate, elliptic-oblong, up to 16 grayish brown bark. Branchlets are brown or tan, either glabrous or
centimeters long, dark green above, and waxy pale green below. Flowers are pubescent, and winter buds lack differentiated scales. Leaves are
single, nodding, rounded like an egg or baby coconut, opening up with 6 white lanceolate-elliptical to oblong, measuring 4.5-18 × 2.5-11.5 cm, with a
fragrant petals. Unlike most magnolias lacking nectar, Magnolia coco papery to leathery texture. Flowers are densely clustered in cymes, with
secretes a nectar-like substance inside the flower. drupes that are orange to red, measuring 0.8-1.4 cm, and featuring ribbed
stones.
Uses:
Used in Japanese and Chinese traditional medicine. Uses:
In China, floral buds used for headache and stomachache. Wood: Wood is moderately hard to hard, heavy, durable. Used for
Used for insomnia, leucorrhea, productive coughing. construction, making furniture, poles, tool handles, beams, joists,
Bark used for allergic and asthmatic conditions. rafters, etc.
Magnolia bark extracts also reported to inhibit bacteria responsible for Oil: Seed oil used for making soap and lubricants.
dental caries and periodontal disease. Fiber: Bark yields a fiber for making paper and rope.
Fuel: Wood used for fuel.
Dye: Bark yields a yellow dye.

Reference: Magnolia, Magnolia coco, chinese magnolia:: Philippine Reference: Names/ Alternative medicine. (n.d.-b).
Medicinal Herbs / StuartXchange. (n.d.). http://www.stuartxchange.com/Malaikmo
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Magnolia
Common Name: AGOHO Common Name: ATIS
Scientific Name: CASAURINA EQUISETIFOLIA FORST. Scientific Name: ANNONA SQUAMOSA L.
Family Name: CASUARINACEAE Family Name: ANNONACEAE

Agoho is a large, evergreen tree reaching up to 20 meters tall, with a Atis is a small tree, 3 to 5 meters tall, with an open, irregular crown.
narrowly pyramidal crown resembling conifers. The bark is brown and rough, The leaves are somewhat hairy, oblong, and 8 to 15 centimeters long. It
and the slender branchlets are about 20 centimeters long with many joints. produces fragrant, pendulous flowers, about 2.5 centimeters long, that are
Flowers are unisexual, with staminate spikes measuring 1 to 3 centimeters light green to yellow. The large, heart-shaped fruit is 6 to 9 centimeters
long. The ellipsoid cones are 1 to 2 centimeters long, containing about 12 long, light yellowish-green when ripe, with sweet, juicy white flesh
rows of achenes within hardened bracts. surrounding 20 to 40 black seeds.

Uses: Uses:
Infusion of branches used as diuretic. Salted bruised leaves used to hasten suppuration.
Leaves used for colic. Bark decoction is used as tonic and to stop diarrhea.
Bark used as astringent. Root has purgative action.
Bark decoction used as emmenagogue; in large doses, an ecbolic. Leaf decoction used for rheumatic baths to alleviate pain.
Used for stomach aches, diarrhea, dysentery and nervous disorders. For fainting and hysteria, crush fresh leaves and place over nose.
Decoction of bark used for hemoptysis. For infected insect bites, pound and extract the juice from one unripe
Used for cough, asthma, and diabetes. fruit and apply the juice directly to the affected areas, 3 times daily.
For lice infestation of the head, atis has a herbal treatment regimen

Reference: Agoho, Casuarina equisetifolia Linn., IRON WOOD / Reference: Atis / Annona squamosa Linn. / SWEETSOP / sugar apple / Fan li
Philippine Herbal Therapy / Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). zhi / Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Atis.html
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Agoho.html
Common Name: DALUNOT
Common Name: KAMANSI
Scientific Name: PIPTURUS ARBORESCENS (LINK)
Scientific Name: ARTOCARPUS COMMUNIS J.R. & G. FORST.
C.B. ROB.
Family Name: MORACEAE
Family Name: URTICACEAE

Kamansi is a large tree, 10 to 15 meters high, with large, leathery leaves Dalunot is a dioecious shrub or small tree, 3 to 5 meters tall, with
measuring 40 to 60 cm long and 25 to 45 cm wide, deeply incised and 4- to ovate leaves measuring 7 to 8 cm long and 3 to 10 cm wide. The leaves have
5-lobed. Male spikes are greenish-yellow, cylindrical, 15 to 25 cm long. The pointed tips, rounded bases, and toothed margins, with a slightly hairy
fruit is green, ovoid, 10 to 15 cm long, with a spiny surface and minimal pulp. upper surface. Male flowers grow in dense axillary fascicles, while female
It has numerous light brown seeds, about 2.5 cm in diameter, and differs flowers form small, hemispheric heads. The fruit is a soft, white, nearly
from Artocarpus altilis by having seeded fruit and more divided leaves. spherical berry about 1 cm in diameter, containing many small achenes.

Uses: Uses:
Wood: Lightweight, flexible, and easy to work with. Used for carving In the Philippines bark scraping used externally as a cataplasm for
statues, bowls, fishing floats, etc. boils.
Fuel: Fast burning wood. Leaves used for treating herpes simplex and skin diseases.
Repellent: Dried male flowers burned to repel mosquitoes and other Mansaka people of Mindanao apply scraped and pounded bark or pulp on
flying insects. wounds to enhance healing.
Fodder: All parts of the mature and ripe fruits are edible and fed to pigs
and other livestock. Breadnut is also an important food source for flying
foxes and arboreal mammals in its native range.

Reference:Kamansi / Artocarpus camansi / breadnut : Philippine Reference: Dalunot, Pipturus arborescens, Luo wei mu: Philippine Herbal
Herbal Medicine / Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). Therapy / Alternative Medicine. (n.d.).
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Dalunot
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Kamansi.html