Civil Aviation Authority, Bangladesh Human Performance (ATPL/FOOL)

17 (51-61) HUMAN PERFORMANCE SPECIMEN QUESTIONS

SPECIMEN EXAMINATION PAPER

1. Which of the following statements is correct ? The cones of the eye

a. Detect colour and are more sensitive to low light levels and to movement than the rods
b. Detect colour and are less sensitive to low light levels but more sensitive to movement than the rods
c. Detect colour and are less sensitive to low light levels and to movement than the rods
d. Detect colour and are more sensitive to low light levels but less sensitive to movement than the rods

2. The semi-circular canals react to

a. Linear acceleration
b. Heat
c. Temperature
d. Angular acceleration

3. Paradoxical Sleep refreshes the

a. body and cell tissues
b. mind and body
c. homeoneural systems of the body only
d. brain and memory

4. With what is "Mode Error" associated ?

a. Leadership
b. Motivation
c. Automation
d. Homeostasis

5. The brain controls breathing rate based upon the

a. The amount of oxygen required at the capillaries
b. The acidity of the blood
c. Pulse rate
d. Sweat glands

6. Why is it essential to ensure that the combustion heater is serviceable in an aircraft ?

a. To prevent carbon dioxide poisoning and possible fire
b. To prevent carbon dioxide poisoning, possible fire or explosion
c. To prevent carbon dioxide poisoning
d. To prevent carbon monoxide poisoning

7. Short term memory (Working Memory) can be improved through

a. practice and retrieval
b. chunking and association
c. rehearsal and practice
d. rehearsal and retrieval

8. The Systolic pressure is higher than the Diastolic pressure and the normal reading for a healthy person is
120/80. High blood pressure can lead to strokes.
a. True
b. The above is false as the Diastolic pressure is higher than the Systolic pressure
c. The above is false as the normal reading is 250/90
d. The above is false since high blood pressure can lead to heart attacks

9. The factor which most increases the risk of coronary heart disease is
a. Family history
b. Lack of exercise
c. Obesity
d. Smoking

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10. Tidal Volume is the volume of air

a. remaining in the lungs after the most forceful expiration
b that can still be exhaled by forceful expiration after the normal tidal expiration
c. that can still be inhaled over and beyond the normal breath
d. inhaled and exhaled with cacli normal breath

11. If you have an incorrect mental model, it is

1. easy to change
2. easy to comprehend
3. easy to recognise
4. resistant to correction

a. 1, 2 & 4 only are correct

b. 4 only is correct
c. 2 & 3 only are correct
d. 1 only is correct

12. Approximately ..............% of all accidents are caused by Human factors

a. 50
b. 95
c. 20
d. 70

13. Linear acceleration may give a false impression of a

a. Climb
b. Descent
c. Turn
d. Spin

14. The altitudes in the Standard atmosphere that pressure will be 1/4 , ''/z , and '/4 of MSL pressure is
approximately
a. 20,000 ft 10,000 ft 5,000 ft
b. 5,000 ft 10,000 ft 20,000 ft
c. 36,000 ft 18,000 ft 8,000 ft
d. 8,000 ft 18,000 ft 36,000 ft

15. The law that states "Providing the temperature is constant, the volume of gas is inversely proportional to its
pressure" is
a. The Combined Gas Law
b. Henry's Law
c. Dalton's Law
d. Boyle's Law

16. The Time of useful consciousness (TUC) at 43,000 ft in the event of progressive decompression for sitting
and moderate activity is
a. 30 and 15 seconds
b. 30 and 25 seconds
c. 18 and 12 seconds
d. 40 and 20 seconds

17. When suffering from Hypoxic Hypoxia short-term memory impairment starts at approximately
a. 10,000 ft
b. 12,000 ft
c. 14,000 ft
d. 16,000 ft

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18. DCS is normally associated with ascent to altitudes over

a. 10,000 ft
b. 25,000 ft
c. 33,700 ft
d. 40,000 ft

19. A free running circadian rhythm exhibits a periodicity of approximately

a) 23 hours
b) 24 hours
c) 25 hours
d) 26 hours

20. Messages are sent through the nervous systems by ......................means

a. Chemical and hormonal
b. Electrical and chemical
c. Electrical and hormonal
d. Chemical only

21. What is the relationship between personality, attitude and behaviour

a. Behaviour is the outward result of personality and attitude
b. Personality is the outward result of behaviour and attitude
c. Attitude is the outward result of personality and behaviour
d. There is no relationship. Personality is derived from genes whereas behaviour and attitude are learnt

22. The nose

a. Warms, dries and filters the air
b. Cools, dries and filters the air
c. Cools, moistens and filters the air
d. Warm, moistens and filters the air

23. Rain on the windscreen at night tends to lead to

a. Too steep an approach and the threshold appears to be more distant than it is in fact
b. Too shallow an approach and the threshold appears to be more distant than it is in fact
c. Too steep an approach and the threshold appears to be closer than it is in fact
d. Too shallow an approach and the threshold appears to be closer than it is in fact

24. One of the causes of Noise Induced Hearing Loss NIHL is

a. Long exposure to levels of noise in excess of 90 dbs
b. Age
c. A blow to the head with subsequent damage to the ossicles
d. Hypertension

25. The Vestibular Apparatus consists of the

a. Cochlea and the auditory nerve
b. Eustachian tube and the semi-circular canals
c. Semi-circular canals and the otoliths
d. Eustachian tube and the pinna

26. The `Leans' or Somatogyral illusion can be caused by

a. entering a turn too quickly
b. bunting the aircraft
c. leveling or reducing bank following a prolonged turn
d. a carrier take-off

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27. To overcome disorientation in IMC conditions it is advised to

a. Look out at the horizon
b. Believe the instruments
c. Keep the head as still as possible
d. Get relief from look-out duties

28. Our primary source of spatial orientation is

a. Sight
b. The ears
c. The Cortex
d. The Cerebellum

29. Co-action is a form of co-operation that can be defined as

a. working in parallel towards a common goal
b. working in parallel towards separate goals
c. working independently
d. duplicating actions

30. When moving from high to low levels of light the Cones detect ................... and adapt in approximately
....................whereas the Rods detect................... and adapt in approximately
a. Black and white? minutes Colour 30 minutes
b. Black and white30 minutes Colour 7 minutes
c. Colour 7 minutes lack and white 30 minutes
d. Colour 30 minutes lack and white 7 minutes

31. Which of the following statements is true ?

a. Circadian Disrhythmia is usually worse when traveling from West to East and 1 day's recovery is
required for every 1 hour of Circadian Disrhythmia
b. Circadian Disrhythmia is usually worse when traveling from East to West and 1 day's recovery is
required for every 90 minutes of Circadian Disrhythmia
c. Circadian Disrhythmia is usually worse when traveling from West to East and 1 day's recovery is
required for every 12 hours of Circadian Disrhythmia
d. Circadian Disrhythmia is usually worse when traveling from West to East and 2 day's recovery is
required for every 1 hour of Circadian Disrhythmia

32. Among the factors which affect night vision are

a. Age, cabin altitudes above 8,000 ft, age, smoking and alcohol
b. Age, cabin altitudes above 8,000 ft, age, smoking and lack of vitamin C
c. Age, cabin altitudes above 8,000 ft, age, smoking and lack of vitamin D
d. Age, cabin altitudes above 8,000 ft, age, smoking and lack of vitamin B

33. The twin objectives of Human Performance are

a. Knowledge of the limitations of the body and their significance in aviation
b. Flight Safety and self-awareness
c. The safety and efficiency of the operation and the well-being of the individual
d. Physical fitness and good decision-making

34. Haemoglobin is manufactured mainly in the

a. Liver
b. Heart
c. Bone Marrow
d. Capillaries

35. Which of the following statements is correct ?

a. Automation always improves Situational Awareness
b. It has been shown that approximately 80% of all communications is achieved by metacommunications
c. The Black Hole Effect generally leads to a steep approach
d. A mix of status and role is the best way to constitute a flight crew

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36. Normal cabin pressure is

a. 10,000 ft.
b. 5,000 ft
c. 3,000 ft - 4,000 ft
d. 6,000 ft - 8,000 ft

37. To be restorative a nap must last for at least

a. 5 minutes
b. 20 minutes
c. 1 hour
d. 2 hours

38. The function of the Eustachian tube is to

a. Equalise the pressure between the outer and middle ear
b. Equalise the pressure between the outer and inner ear
c. Equalise the pressure between the inner and middle ear
d. Equalise the pressure between the tympanum and the inner ear

39. If you wear contact lenses while flying, you must also
a. Inform the company aviation medical specialist of your condition
b. Make sure that they are correctly oiled, cleaned and maintained
c. Take a spare pair of contact lenses with you and ensure they are immediately available
d. Take a pair of ordinary corrective spectacles with you and have them immediately available

40. Generally the most common cause of accidents to aircraft is

a. CFIT
b. MAYDY
c. RADA
d. EMERG

41. Iconic memory lasts for approximately

a. 0.5 - 1.0 second
b. 2 - 8 seconds
c. 10 - 20 seconds
d. Normally over 20 seconds

42. Stimuli must be of a certain strength for the receptors to pick them up. This is called
a. Sensory threshold
b. Sensory filter
c. Sensory strength
d. Sensory volume

43. The main limitation of the Central Decision-maker is

a. It is dual channelled processing
b. It is single channelled processing
c. It is slow
d. It multi channelled processing

44. The Cocktail Party Effect is an example of

a. Selective attention
b. Divided attention
c. Selective Communication
d. Divided Communication

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45. A latent error

1 . will show itself in time
2 . will not be foreseen by programmers
3. lies dormant
4. only becomes apparent under certain conditions
5 will easily be recognised programmers

a. 1, 2, 3 & 4 only are correct

b. only 3 is correct
c. 1, 3, 4 & 5 only are correct
d. 1, 4 & 5 only are correct

46. What 2 factors will bring a person temporarily from the Automatic phase stage of a motor programme into
the Associative stage ?
a. Fatigue and stress
b. Lack of practice and stress
c. Loss of Situational Awareness and fear
d. Anxiety and fatigue

47. What are the 3 reactions of the GAS syndrome ?

a. Alarm, Resistance and Exhaustion
b. Alert, Resistance and Exhaustion
c. Temporal, Cognitive and Resultant
d. Psychological, Psychosomatic and Somatic

48. A smoker travelling in a non-pressurised aircraft to a height of over 10,000ft will suffer from:
a. Hypoxic hypoxia only
b. Anaemic hypoxia only
c. Anaemic and hypoxic hypoxia
d. The Coriolis effect

49. With a pulse rate of 72 beats a minute and a stroke volume of 70 ml, what is the cardiac output ?
a. 8 litres a minute
b. 6 litres a minute
c. 5 litres a minute
d. 7 litres a minute

50. What are the physiological systems which are involved with motion sickness ?
1. Auditory
2. Vestibular
3. Visual
4. Proprioceptive 5. Gastro-intestinal
a. 2,3&4
b. 1,3&5
c. 1,2&5
d. 2,3,4&5

51. Anxiety affects

1. Judgement
2. Attention
3. Memory
4. Concentration

a. 1 & 2 only
b. 1 only
c. 1,2&4
d. All

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52. Which, if any, of the following statements is/are true ?

1. Psychosomatic refers to the interrelationships of mind and body
2. Psychosomatic refers to a psychological reaction to an outside stimulus causing physiological
change/changes
3. Psychosomatic problems are not common among the pilot community due to the high standard of
selection
4. Psychosomatic problems can be cured by counseling

a. 1 and 3
b. None are correct
c. 3 and 4
d. 1 and 2

53. If the sensory threshold is increased

a. Selectivity is increased
b. Selectivity is decreased
c. Sensitivity is reduced
d. Sensitivity is increased

54. If you have an incorrect mental model, it is

1. easy to change
2. easy to comprehend
3. easy recognise
4. resistance to correction
a. 1,2 and 3
b. 2 & 3 only
c. 4 only
d. 1 only

55. Overlearning
a. improves the chance of recall and makes the performance of a task more resistance to stress and is an
important concept of aviation training
b. is a process which is discouraged in the aviation training as it may lead to "Regression" in times of acute
stress
c. is a process in training which is usually adopted in order to pass complicated concepts to a recipient of
limited capabilities
d. is the process whereby information is layered and linked with previously learned facts and is an
important tool to improve Short-term Memory

56. What happens to the Systolic blood pressure if peripheral resistance is increased ?
a. Systolic blood pressure rises
b. Systolic blood pressure decreases
c. Systolic blood pressure is unaffected
d. Systolic blood pressure initially decreases and then increases

57. The pressoreceptors have signalled low blood pressure. The body's response is to
1. increase rate of breathing
2. increase cardiac output
3. increase heart rate
4. relaxation of the blood vessels
5. decrease heart rate
6. tightening of the blood vessels

a. 1, 2, 3 and 4
b. 2, 3 and 6
c. 4 and 5 only
d. 1, 3 and 4

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58. On expiration there is

a. Higher C02 content than on intake
b. More oxygen content than on intake
c. Less water vapour content than on intake
d. The same C02 content as on intake

59. TUC is dependent upon

1. Rate of decompression
2. Altitude of the occurrence
3. Type of aircraft
4.Activity of the pilot
5. Personal health

a.1, 2 & 3 only are correct

b. All of the above are correct
c. All are correct except 3 which is incorrect
d. 2, 3 & 5 only are correct

60. Hearing through bone conduction

a. by-passes the inner ear
b. by-passes the outer ear
c. by-passes outer and the middle ear
d. is no different from the normal hearing process

61. What is the ideal personality for a pilot ?

a. G+ P+
b. A team player
c. Stable Extravert
d. Synergistic

62. Disorientation is more likely when the pilot is:

1. flying in IMC
2. frequently changing between inside and outside references
3.flying from IMC into VMC
4. approaching over still water at night

a. 1, 2 & 3 only are correct

b.1, 2 & 4 only are correct
c.1, 2, 3 & 4 are correct
d. 1 only is correct

63. A pilot becomes skilled when he/she

1. trains or practices regularly
2. knows how to manage him/herself
3. possesses all the knowledge associated with his/her aircraft
4. knows how to keep resources in reserve for coping with the unexpected

a. 1, 2 and 4 are correct

b. all are correct
c. 1 & 2 only are correct
d. 2, 3 and 4 are correct

64. Once a mental model is constructed, there is a tendency to give

a. undue weight to information that contradicts the model
b. equal weight to information that contradicts and confirms the mental model
c frequent alterations to the mental model
d. undue weight to information that confirms the model

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65. A pilot inputting information from an altimeter can be expressed in terms of the SHELL Concept as
a. L-H
b. S-L
c. P - R
d. H-E

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