TECHNICAL DRAFTING NCII

SUNNY B. OJEDA, RMP

Plumbing & Technical Drafting Trainer/Assessor
DRAFTING Requirements:

Handout/Activity Sheets
Pull-Push Rule
Metric Scale 1:50/1:100/75
Triangle 30x60
Triangle 45x45
T-square
Mech. Pencil 0.5
Pencil HB
Eraser
Erasing Shield
Sharpener
Masking Tape
Rug
Alcohol
Teacher’s Policy:
 Always bring all necessary materials.
 Eating inside our room is prohibited.
 Come on time and do the required task
immediately.
 Any form of cheating is strictly
prohibited.
 Listen attentively to the teacher’s
instruction.
 Don’t use any unnecessary gadgets.
Definition of Drafting…

• Drafting is the universal language of industry.

• Drafting is the act and discipline of composing

drawings that visually communicate how something
functions or is to be constructed.
Meaning of the word Architect

 ARCHITECT means a person professionally and

academically qualified, registered and licensed under
R.A. No. 9266 with a Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card issued by the
Professional Regulatory Board of Architecture and
the Professional Regulation Commission, and who is
responsible for advocating the fair and sustainable
development, welfare and cultural expression of
society’s habitat in terms of space, forms and
historical context;
Definition of Architecture
 “Architecture” is the art, science or profession of planning, designing and
constructing buildings in their totality taking into account their environment,
in accordance with the principles of utility, strength and beauty;

scientific research, design, engineering

Field of Architecture

 Architecture Design – it is concerned with housing and public

buildings design.
 Town Planning – it is concerned with general planning of
different towns.
 Interior Decoration – it is concerned with designing the
building interiors such as specifying materials to be used for
curtains, carpets, and others.
 Landscape Architecture – it is concerned with designing the
external areas of the building.
Confirm brief

Role of Architects
Advise on consultants

Architect Advise on consents

Arrange
Appointment site
inspection
Draftprogramme
Draft programme

Advise on
Advise on fees
fees

Appointment of surveyor
Role of Architects
WORK STAGE INCEPTION

Client Function Architect Function

Consider the need to build -
Set up organization to liaise/coordinate
with design team
Appoint the architect Obtain background information
Advise client on service offered
professional practice fees etc.
Provide architect with information for the Obtain initial statement of requirements
brief of the building time scale, financial limit
etc.
Obtain site plan and make preliminary
site visit.
Discuss appointment of consultant as Approach Quantity Surveyor and any
advised by Architect Engineers required. Consider other
Consultants.

A summary of client and architect functions at Work Stage

Who will sign and seal the
building permit documents?
LEGAL ISSUES in the Philippines

THE IMPLEMENTING RULES AND

REGULATIONS (IRR) OF REPUBLIC ACT NO.
9266, AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A MORE
RESPONSIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE
REGULATION FOR THE REGISTRATION,
LICENSING AND PRACTICE OF
ARCHITECTURE, REPEALING FOR THE
PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 545, AS
AMENDED, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS “AN
ACT TO REGULATE THE PRACTICE OF
ARCHITECTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES,” AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
SECTION 33
Drawings and specifications and other contract documents
duly signed, stamped or sealed, as instruments of service,
are the intellectual property and documents of the architect,
whether the object for which they are made is executed or
not. It shall be unlawful for any person to duplicate or to
make copies of said documents for use in the repetition of
and for other projects or buildings, whether executed partly
or in whole, without the written consent of architect or
author of said documents.
SECTION 34
Persons not registered as an architect shall not claim nor
represent either services or work as equivalent to those of
a duly qualified registered architect, or that they are
qualified for any branch or function of architectural
practice, even though no form of the title “Architect” is
used.
BUILDING PLANS
IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONSOF THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
OF THE PHILIPPINES(PD 1096)

Architectural Documents (to be signed and sealed by

Architect not by Civil Engineer)
a. Architectural Plans/Drawings
i. Vicinity Map/Location Plan within a 2.00 kilometer
radius for commercial, industrial, and institutional
complex and within a half-kilometer radius for
residential buildings, at any convenient scale showing
prominent landmarks or major thoroughfares for easy
reference.
ii. Site Development Plan showing technical description,
boundaries, orientation and position of proposed
building /structure in relation to the lot, existing or
proposed access road and driveways and existing
public utilities/services.
Architectural Documents (to be signed and sealed
by Architect not by Civil Engineer)

iii. Perspective drawn at a convenient scale and taken

from a vantage point (bird’s eye view or eye level).
iv. Floor Plans drawn to scale of not less than 1:100
showing: gridlines, complete identification of rooms or
functional spaces.

v. Elevations, at least four (4), same scale as floor

plans showing: gridlines; natural ground to finish
grade elevations; floor to floor heights; door and
window marks, type of material and exterior finishes;
adjoining existing structure/s…
Architectural Documents (to be signed and sealed
by Architect not by Civil Engineer)

vi. Sections, at least two (2), showing: gridlines;

natural ground and finish levels; outline of cut
and visible structural parts; doors and windows
properly labeled reflecting the direction of
opening; partitions; built-in cabinets, etc.; identification
of rooms and functional spaces cut
by section lines.
vii. Reflected ceiling plan showing: design, location,
finishes and specifications of materials,
lighting fixtures, diffusers, decorations, air conditioning
exhaust and return grills, sprinkler
nozzles, if any, at scale of at least 1:100.
Architectural Documents (to be signed and sealed
by Architect not by Civil Engineer)
vi. Sections, at least two (2), showing: gridlines;
natural ground and finish levels; outline of cut
and visible structural parts; doors and windows
properly labeled reflecting the direction of
opening; partitions; built-in cabinets, etc.;
identification of rooms and functional spaces cut
by section lines.
vii. Reflected ceiling plan showing: design, location,
finishes and specifications of materials, lighting
fixtures, diffusers, decorations, air conditioning
exhaust and return grills, sprinkler nozzles, if any, at
scale of at least 1:100.
For more details check IRR of NBC (PD 1096)
Civil / Structural Documents (to be signed & sealed by Civil Engineer
not by Architect)

a. Site Development Plan

Site Development Plan showing technical description,
boundaries, orientation and position of proposed non-
architectural horizontal structure such as: sewerage treatment
plan (STP), silos, elevated tanks, towers, fences, etc.
building/structure in relation to the lot, existing or proposed
access road and driveways and existing public utilities/services.
Existing buildings within and adjoining the lot shall be hatched
and distances between the proposed and existing buildings shall
be indicated.
b. Structural Plans
i. Foundation Plans and Details at scale of not less than 1:100.
ii. Floor/Roof Framing Plans and Details & etc…
Civil / Structural Documents (to be signed & sealed
by Civil Engineer not by Architect)

c. Structural Analysis and Design for all

buildings/structures except for one storey and single
detached building/structure with a total floor area of
20.00 sq. meters or less.
d. Boring and Load Tests
Buildings or structures of three (3) storeys and higher,
boring tests and, if necessary, load tests shall be
required in accordance with the applicable latest
approved provisions of the National Structural Code of
the Philippines (NSCP).
e. Seismic Analysis
f. Other related documents
For more details check IRR of NBC (PD 1096)
BUILDING PLANS
Electrical Documents (to be signed & sealed by
Professional Electrical Engineer neither by Reg.
Master Electrician nor Registered Electrical Engineer)

Electrical plans and technical specifications containing

the following:
a. Location and Site Plans
b. Legend or Symbols
c. General Notes and/or Specifications
d. Electrical Layout
e. Schedule of Loads, Transformers, Generating/UPS
Units (Total kVA for each of the preceding
items shall be indicated in the schedule)
f. Design Analysis
g. One Line Diagram
For more details check IRR of NBC (PD 1096)
Plumbing Documents (to be signed & sealed only by
Registered Master Plumber not by Sanitary Engineer)

For all plumbing installations, additions and/or

alterations involving hot and cold water supply,
fixtures, sewage drainage and vent system, storm
drainage and sewerage system within or adjacent to
the building:
a. Location Plan and Site Plan of minimum scale 1:2000
b. Plumbing Plans, Layouts and Details, of minimum scale
1:50
c. Legend and General Notes
d. Isometric drawings of the systems
e. Design analysis and technical specifications
f. Cost Estimates
For more details check IRR of NBC (PD 1096)
Sanitary Documents (to be signed & sealed by Sanitary
Engineer not by Master Plumber)

a. For deep well, water purification plants, water collection

and distribution systems, reservoirs, drainage and sewer
systems, sewage treatment plants, malaria control
structures, and sewage disposal systems:
i. Location Plan and Site Plan
ii. Detailed Plan and layout drawings of minimum scale
1:100
iii. Design Analysis and Technical Specifications
iv. Cost Estimates
b. For pest and vermin control, sanitation, and pollution
control facilities and etc…
Mechanical Documents (to be signed & sealed by
Professional Mechanical Engineer not by Registered
Mechanical Engineer)

a. Location Plan and Key Plan

b. General Layout Plan for each floor, drawn to a scale of not
less than 1:100, indicating the equipment in heavier lines than
the building outline with names of machinery and corresponding
brake horsepower shall be indicated.
c. Longitudinal and Transverse Sections of building and
equipment base on the section lines drawn
to scale of at least 1:100 showing inter-floor relations and
defining the manner of support of machines/equipment. Sections
shall run longitudinally and transversely through the building
length or width other than particularly detailed section for each
machinery/equipment (fired and unfired pressure vessel,
elevator, escalator, dumbwaiter, etc.).
Mechanical Documents (to be signed & sealed by
Professional Mechanical Engineer not by Registered
Mechanical Engineer)

d. Isometric drawing of gas, fuel, oil system showing:

Assembly of pipes on racks and supports, Legend and
General Notes, Capacity per outlet and Complete individual
piping system.
e. Plans drawn to scale of 1:100 indicating location of store
rooms, fuel tanks, fire extinguishing systems, fire doors, fire
escape ladders and other protective facilities.
f. Detailed drawings of all duct work installations, indicating
dampers, controls, filters, fireproofing,
acoustical and thermal insulation.
g. Detailed Plans of machinery foundations and supports
drawn to scale of at least 1:50.

For more details check IRR of NBC (PD 1096)

Electronics Documents (to be signed & sealed by
Electronics and Communication Engineer)

Electronic plans and technical specifications for wired or

wireless telecommunications systems, broadcasting
systems, including radio and TV broadcast equipment for
commercial and training purposes, cable or wireless
television systems, information technology (IT) systems,
security and alarm systems (CCTV), electronic fire alarm
systems, sound-reinforcement systems, navigational aids
and controls, indoor and outdoor signages, electronically-
controlled conveyance systems, electronic/computerized
process controls and automation systems, building
automation, management and control systems …
BUILDING PLANS
Geodetic Documents (to be signed & sealed by
Geodetic Engineer)

Lot Survey Plans, including but not limited to:

a. Vicinity Map/Location Plan
b. Lot Plan
c. Relocation Survey Plan and Report
d. Line and Grade
e. Detailed Topographic Plan of the site and
immediate vicinity

For more details check IRR of NBC (PD 1096)

Who is qualified to work
as a Drafter or CAD operator?
Drafter / CAD Operator educational background…

 Bachelor of Science in Architecture

 Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education major in Drafting
Technology
 Master of Technician Education major in Drafting Technology
 Bachelor of Industrial Technology major in Drafting Technology
 Diploma in Architectural Design & Drafting Technology (2
years)
 Certificate of Technology major in Drafting Technology (1 year)
 Technical Drafting NCII ( 148 hours or 1 month)
Drafter or CAD Operator

 CAD (Computer Aided Design) Operator is one who

operates a CAD system. In many design
environments, the CAD Operator is equivalent to a
Draftsperson or Drafter. The CAD Operator’s role is
much broader than that of a traditional draftsman
because CAD systems require not only traditional
drafting or drawing expertise but computer skills as
well.
Architectural Draftsman Tasks

 Accurately post closed work orders to the master design files.

 Review engineering drawings and supporting documentation to

verify adherence to standard practices.

 Prepare layouts, drawings and designs according to architectural

& engineering specifications using software.

 Log work orders into database and distribute and file work order
folders daily.

 Coordinate work order process with architects, construction

supervisors, engineers and property accounting.
THE PRINCIPLES
OF DESIGN
Basic Principles DESIGN

• I. CONTRAST -------- variety

• II. PROPORTION ---- relationship
• III. SCALE --------------- size magnitude
• IV. BALANCE ---------- equilibrium
• V. RHYTHM ------------ repetition
• VI. UNITY --------------- harmony
END OF SLIDE