Salesforce Interview Questions and

Answers 2022
By Ankush Dureja in salesforce, Salesforce interview questions
January 29, 2022

Salesforce Interview questions and answers 2022

In this post, we will try to cover all Salesforce interview questions and
answers related to Salesforce Admin, Salesforce Development, Salesforce
Lightning.

Here is list of all Salesforce Interview questions:

What is Salesforce?
What is Cloud computing?
What is CRM?
What are some CRM provider
What are different types of cloud computing?
What is PaaS?
What is SaaS?
What is IaaS?
What are different Salesforce Editions?
What is difference between Salesforce.com and Force.com?
What is Database.com?
What is App in Salesforce?
What is an object in Salesforce?
Different types of object in Salesforce.com?
How many relationship types are in Salesforce?
What is Master-detail relationship?
What is Many-to-many relationship?
What is External lookup?
What is Indirect lookup?
What is Hierarchical relationship?
What is a roll-up summary field?
What are different Levels of data access in Salesforce?
What is Organization-wide defaults?
What is role hierarchy?
What are the difference between a Role and Profile?
What are Sharing Rules?
What is Manual sharing?
What is Profile?
What are standard profiles?
What is Permission Set?
What is “View all” and “Modify all” permission?
Is it possible to restrict permission for users using permission set?
If a user does not have access to a specific record type, will they be
able to see the records that have that record type?
What are Salesforce Reports?
What are the different Report Formats?
What is Tabular Report?
What is Summary Report?
What is Matrix Report?
What is Joined Report?
What is Conditional Highlighting in Salesforce report?
What is Bucket Field?
Which field type does Bucketing field support?
What are Dashboards?
What are the different Dashboard Component?
What is Workflow?
What are the types of Workflow actions?
What is Time-dependent Workflow?
What is Approval Process?
What are Assignment Rules?
What are Queues?
What are Auto-Response Rules?
What is Escalation Rules?
What is Chatter in Salesforce?
What is Integration?
What are possible Ways to Integrate with Salesforce Force.com?
What is webservices?
What is Protocal ?
How many types of API’s avaliable in salesforce?
When to Use REST API
When to Use SOAP API?
When to Use Chatter REST API
When to Use Streaming API
When to Use Apex REST API
When to Use Apex SOAP API
When to Use Tooling API
What is Call In and Call Out?
What is WSDL ?
What is difference between Enterprise WSDL and Partner WSDL?
How SOAP can be accessed ?
How to generate WSDL file?
How to consume external WSDL file
What is remote site settings ?
How manys ways to XML parsing ?
How to read root element in XML DOM ?
How to read child element in XML DOM ?
How to read all child elements in XML DOM ?
How to read text between tags ?
How SOAP and REST will Communicate ?
What are methods in REST
What is difference between SOAP and REST?
What is JSON ?
What is a Trigger?
What is Trigger Syntax?
What are the various event on which a trigger can fire?
What are different type of Triggers?
What are the considerations while implementing the Triggers?
What are context variables in triggers?
How is Trigger.New Different from Trigger.newMap?
How is Trigger.new different from Trigger.old?
Can a trigger call a batch class?
Can a trigger make a call to Apex callout method?
Define Recursive Trigger and how to avoid it?
What do you mean by the bulkifying trigger?
Is there any limit on number of triggers define on an object?
Can you explain the order of execution in Triggers?
What is Salesforce Lightning?
What are the tools included in lightning ?
What is Aura? Why do I see the aura: namespace in the code?
Is Lightning an MVC framework?
What is difference between Visualforce Components and Lightning
Components?
Where we can display lightning component?
What are the different Lightning component bundles?
What is Lightning Experience?
What is Lightning Design System?
What happens to my existing Visualforce Pages?
What are the type of events into Salesforce Lightning component?
What is the basic difference between Application Event and Component
Event?
Component events vs Application events. Which one I should use?
What is aura definition bundle?
What is the use of implements in lightning component?
Which interface we are supposed to implement so that a lightning
component can be used as a Tab?
Which interface we are supposed to implement so that a lightning
component can be used as quick action?
Which interface we are supposed to implement so that a lightning
component can be used in Community builder?
What is use of @AuraEnabled annotation
Can we Include One Lightning component to another ?
How can we use Lightning Components with the Salesforce1 Mobile
App ?
How can we use a lightning component in a VisualForce Page?
Can we integrate Lightning components with another framework like
Angular?
Can we include external JavaScript/CSS libraries like jQuery, bootstrap
in components?
What is use of aura:method tag in salesforce lightning?
How to ensure FLS while working with Lightning Component?
How can we display loading spinner in lightning component?
How can we conditionally display content in lightning component?
What is the use of force:hasRecordId interface?
How to get current record id in lightning component?
What is a FlexiPage in lightning?
How can we deploy lightning components?
What Is Lightning Data Service?
What is Locker Service in Salesforce Lightning?
What are value providers in Salesforce Lightning ?
What are List of Global value providers in lightning?
How to create popup in lightning component?

Here is list of all Salesforce Interview questions and answers:

What is Salesforce?

Salesforce is the world’s #1 customer relationship management (CRM)

platform. Salesforce provides cloud-based, CRM applications for sales,
service, marketing, and more.

Salesforce has essentially changed how enterprise software is delivered and

used. Its software is cloud-based and hence doesn’t need IT experts to set
up anything. Salesforce has defined the ideal way as how to connect with
customers. Building meaningful and lasting bond with the customers,
identifying their needs, address problems faster and deploy apps that are
customer focused is all possible through Salesforce.

Salesforce Technologies is one of the leading and very hot Technology in IT

industry. Through Salesforce.com Technology thousands of Job opportunity
are created for Salesforce developers and Salesforce Administration Job
Seekers. As per Forbes magazine, nearly 55% of enterprises predict cloud
computing will enable new business model in three years. So Salesforce is
one of the Cloud Computing Technology which have bright future in the
upcoming years. Salesforce provides different enterprise cloud computing
applications to all size industries and businesses.

Salesforce applications are provided on subscription basis primarily through

direct sales effort and indirectly through partners.

What is Cloud computing?

Cloud computing is a kind of outsourcing of computer programs. Using

cloud computing, users are able to access software and applications from
wherever they are; the computer programs are being hosted by an outside
party and reside in the cloud. This means that users do not have to worry
about things such as storage and power, they can simply enjoy the end
result.

Cloud computing is shared pools of configurable computer system

resources and higher-level services that can be rapidly provisioned with
minimal management effort, often over the Internet. Cloud computing relies
on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale,
similar to a public utility.

What is CRM?

CRM means “Customer Relationship Management “. We can understand

from the full form where CRM is an application used to automate Sales and
marketing functions by a using a Software called CRM Software. By using
CRM Software every Company / Organization plans to increase their
revenues and profits. This strategy of increasing revenue is done mainly by
attracting Customers, clients, Sales etc.

What are some CRM provider

Salesforce CRM.
Microsoft Dynamics CRM.
Oracle CRM.
SAP CRM.
Sage CRM.
NetSuite CRM.
Oracle CRM on Demand.
SugarCRM.

What are different types of cloud computing?

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Software as a Service (SaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

What is PaaS?

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

The branch of cloud computing that allows users to develop, run, and
manage applications without having to get caught up in code, storage,
infrastructure and so on.

There are several types of PaaS. Every PaaS option is either public, private,
or a hybrid mix of the two. Public PaaS is hosted in the cloud, and its
infrastructure is managed by the provider. Private PaaS, on the other hand, is
housed in onsite servers or private networks and is maintained by the user.
Hybrid PaaS uses elements from both public and private and is capable of
executing applications from multiple cloud infrastructures.

What is SaaS?

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Using the cloud, software such as an internet browser or application is able

to become a usable tool.

What is IaaS?

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

A third party hosts elements of infrastructure, such as hardware, software,

servers, and storage, also providing backup, security, and maintenance.

What are different Salesforce Editions?

Essentials: Designed for small businesses that want to get started with
a CRM system quickly. It includes intuitive walkthroughs and a setup
assistant to get started, an easy-to-use UI, and administration tools to
customize your deployment as you grow.
Professional: Designed for businesses requiring full-featured CRM
functionality. It includes straightforward and easy-to-use customization,
integration, and administration tools to facilitate any small to midsize
deployment.
Enterprise: Meets the needs of large and complex businesses. It gives
you advanced customization and administration tools, in addition to all
the functionality available in Professional Edition, that can support
large-scale deployments. Enterprise Edition also includes access to
Salesforce APIs, so you can easily integrate with back-office systems.
Unlimited: Maximizes your success and extends it across the entire
enterprise through the Lightning Platform. It gives you new levels of
platform flexibility for managing and sharing all your information on
demand. Includes all Enterprise Edition functionality, Premier Support,
full mobile access, unlimited custom apps, increased storage limits, and
other features.
Developer: Provides access to the Lightning Platform and APIs. It lets
developers extend Salesforce, integrate with other applications, and
develop new tools and applications. Developer Edition also provides
access to many of the features available in Enterprise Edition.

What is difference between Salesforce.com and

Force.com?

Salesforce.com and fore.com are relatively same but they are different in
their functionality. Salesforce.com is used to develop CRM functionality
based application where force.com is used to customize our data model,
business logic and User interface.

What is Database.com?

Database.com is a type of service provided by Salesforce.com to enhance

the power of Salesforce.com CRM applications. Database.com provides
“Data as a Service” to subscribers.

What is App in Salesforce?

App means an Application. In Salesforce an Application consists a group of

tabs which are designed to work as a single function. We have number of
applications in Salesforce.com some of them are sales, marketing, chatter,
site.com, work.com etc.

We can create new application and also customization for the existing apps
in Salesforce.com. To create new app in sfdc go
to Setup=>Build=>Create=>App.

Fields and Objects Salesforce Admin Interview

questions
What is an object in Salesforce?

An Objects is represented as a database table which stores organization

data . Objects consists of set of fields and we store data against that field.
To view data Salesforce provided TABS.

To create custom fields go to Setup=>Build=>Create=>Object.

Different types of object in Salesforce.com?

In Salesforce.com we have two types of objects. They are

Standard Objects :- Standard objects are called so because they are

created and provided by Salesforce.com.
Custom Objects :- Custom objects are those which are created by an
User in salesforce.com.

How many relationship types are in Salesforce?

Master-detail
Many-to-many
Lookup
External lookup
Indirect lookup
Hierarchical

What is Master-detail relationship?

Master-detail closely links objects together such that the master record
controls certain behaviors of the detail and subdetail record. For example,
you can define a two-object master-detail relationship, such as Account—
Expense Report, that extends the relationship to subdetail records, such as
Account—Expense Report—Expense Line Item. You can then perform
operations across the master—detail—subdetail relationship.

What is Many-to-many relationship?

Many-to-many You can use master-detail relationships to model many-to-

many relationships between any two objects. A many-to-many relationship
allows each record of one object to be linked to multiple records from
another object and vice versa. For example, you create a custom object
called “Bug” that relates to the standard case object such that a bug could
be related to multiple cases and a case could also be related to multiple
bugs.

Lookup Links two objects together. Lookup relationships are similar to

master-detail relationships, except they do not support sharing or roll-up
summary fields. With a lookup relationship, you can:

Link two different objects.

Link an object with itself (with the exception of the user object; see
Hierarchical). For example, you might want to link a custom object
called “Bug” with itself to show how two different bugs are related to
the same problem.

What is External lookup?

External lookup An external lookup relationship links a child standard,

custom, or external object to a parent external object. When you create an
external lookup relationship field, the standard External ID field on the parent
external object is matched against the values of the child’s external lookup
relationship field. External object field values come from an external data
source.

What is Indirect lookup?

Indirect lookup An indirect lookup relationship links a child external object

to a parent standard or custom object. When you create an indirect lookup
relationship field on an external object, you specify the parent object field
and the child object field to match and associate records in the relationship.
Specifically, you select a custom unique, external ID field on the parent
object to match against the child’s indirect lookup relationship field, whose
values come from an external data source.

What is Hierarchical relationship?

Hierarchical A special lookup relationship available for only the user object.
It lets users use a lookup field to associate one user with another that does
not directly or indirectly refer to itself. For example, you can create a custom
hierarchical relationship field to store each user’s direct manager.

For more details, please refer to this link Object Relationships Overview

What is a roll-up summary field?

A roll-up summary field calculates values from related records, such as

those in a related list. You can create a roll-up summary field to display a
value in a master record based on the values of fields in a detail record. The
detail record must be related to the master through a master-detail
relationship. For example, you want to display the sum of invoice amounts for
all related invoice custom object records in an account’s Invoices related list.
You can display this total in a custom account field called Total Invoice
Amount.

For more details refer official link roll-up summary field

What are different Levels of data access in Salesforce?

Organization level security

For your whole org, you can maintain a list of authorized users, set password
policies, and limit logins to certain hours and locations.

Object level security

Access to object-level data is the simplest thing to control. By setting

permissions on a particular type of object, you can prevent a group of users
from creating, viewing, editing, or deleting any records of that object. For
example, you can use object permissions to ensure that interviewers can
view positions and job applications but not edit or delete them.

Field level security

You can restrict access to certain fields, even if a user has access to the
object. For example, you can make the salary field in a position object
invisible to interviewers but visible to hiring managers and recruiters.

Record level security

You can allow particular users to view an object, but then restrict the
individual object records they’re allowed to see. For example, an interviewer
can see and edit her own reviews, but not the reviews of other interviewers.
You can manage record-level access in these four ways.

Organization-wide defaults
Role hierarchies
Sharing rules
Manual sharing

What is Organization-wide defaults?

Organization Wide Defaults(OWD) in salesforce is the baseline level of

access that the most restricted user should have. Organizational Wide
Defaults are used to restrict access. You grant access through other means
like(sharing rules, Role Hierarchy, Sales Teams and Account teams, manual
sharing, Apex Sharing ). In simple words Organization Wide
Defaults(OWD) specify the default level of access users have to each other’s
records.

For more details please level to below post Organization Wide

Defaults(OWD) in salesforce

What is role hierarchy?

It give access for users higher in the hierarchy to all records owned by users
below them in the hierarchy. Role hierarchies don’t have to match your
organization chart exactly. Instead, each role in the hierarchy should
represent a level of data access that a user or group of users needs.

What are the difference between a Role and Profile?

Roles are one of the ways you can control access to records. They also
impact reports (e.g. “My Teams” filter). Roles come into play if your security
model (OWDs) are set to private.

Profiles help determine record privileges. Assuming the User can see the
record, Profiles determine what the User can do, view or edit on that record.
Profiles control other system privileges as well (mass email, export data, etc)

In simple words, Roles are one of the ways you can control access to records
and Profiles determine what the User can do, view or edit on that record.

What are Sharing Rules?

Sharing Rules are automatic exceptions to organization-wide defaults for

particular groups of users, so they can get to records they don’t own or can’t
normally see. Sharing rules, like role hierarchies, are only used to give
additional users access to records. They can’t be stricter than your
organization-wide default settings.

What is Manual sharing?

It allows owners of particular records to share them with other users.

Although manual sharing isn’t automated like org-wide sharing settings, role
hierarchies, or sharing rules, it can be useful in some situations, such as
when a recruiter going on vacation needs to temporarily assign ownership of
a job application to someone else.

What is Profile?

Each user has a single profile that controls which data and features that user
has access to. A profile is a collection of settings and permissions. Profile
settings determine which data the user can see, and permissions determine
what the user can do with that data.

The settings in a user’s profile determine whether she can see a

particular app, tab, field, or record type.
The permissions in a user’s profile determine whether she can create or
edit records of a given type, run reports, and customize the app.

Profiles usually match up with a user’s job function (for example, system
administrator, recruiter, or hiring manager), but you can have profiles for
anything that makes sense for your Salesforce org. A profile can be assigned
to many users, but a user can have only one profile at a time.

What are standard profiles?

Read Only
Standard User
Marketing User
Contract Manager
System Administrator

What is Permission Set?

A permission set is a collection of settings and permissions that give users

access to various tools and functions. The settings and permissions in
permission sets are also found in profiles, but permission sets extend users’
functional access without changing their profiles.

Permission sets make it easy to grant access to the various apps and custom
objects in your org, and to take away access when it’s no longer needed.

Users can have only one profile, but they can have multiple permission sets.

What is “View all” and “Modify all” permission?

View all and Modify all permissions are usually given to system administrator.
When you grant “View All” or “Modify All” for an object on a profile or
permission set, you grant any associated users access to all records of that
object regardless of the sharing and security settings.

In essence, the “View All” and “Modify All” permissions ignore the sharing
model, role hierarchy, and sharing rules that the “Create,” “Read,” “Edit,” and
“Delete” permissions respect. Furthermore, “Modify All” also gives a user
the ability to mass transfer, mass update, and mass delete records of that
specific object, and approve such records even if the user is not a
designated approver.

These tasks are typically reserved for administrators, but because “View All”
and “Modify All” let us selectively override the system, responsibilities that
are usually reserved for the administrator can be delegated to other users in
a highly controlled fashion.

Is it possible to restrict permission for users using

permission set?

No, Permission Set always extends the permission. It does not restrict
permission to users.

If a user does not have access to a specific record type,

will they be able to see the records that have that record
type?

Yes, Record type controls only visibility of record on UI but not its access to
users. If user does not have access to record type then user will not be able
to create records for that record type using UI. But user will we able to see
records if they have appropriate permission to do so.

For more details about security questions for Salesforce admin interview
questions, refer to my previous post Salesforce security interview questions

Now let us see some Salesforce Reports-related Salesforce interview

questions and answers.

What are Salesforce Reports?

A Reports is a set of records displayed in the form of rows and columns.

Reports data can be filtered, grouped, and displayed graphically as a chart.
Reports are stored in Folder – which controls who has access.

What are the different Report Formats?

Tabular Reports, Summary Reports, Matrix Reports, Joined Reports.

What is Tabular Report?

It is the simplest and fastest report formats. It displays the rows as records
and fields are listed as columns just like a spreadsheet. It supports sorting of
records.

What is Summary Report?

This report allows the user to group rows of data, summarize the field value
which also supports sorting and display subtotals.
What is Matrix Report?

In this report, records are summarized in a grid format. It allows the records
to be grouped by both columns and rows.

What is Joined Report?

In this type of report, User can create multiple report blocks that provide
different different views of your data. In this format of report, we organize
the data in the form of block. You can add upto 5 blocks in a single report.
Each block is defined as a Sub-report(Report Type). It can have its own field,
columns, sorting and filtering.

What is Conditional Highlighting in Salesforce report?

Conditional Highlighting is a powerful way to show values in report within

given
limits. Using Conditional Highlighting, We can specify colours for different
ranges of values in reports.

What is Bucket Field?

Bucketing lets you quickly categorize report records, without having to

create a formula or a custom field.

Which field type does Bucketing field support?

It supports the field type of Picklist, Number, Text.

What are Dashboards?

Salesforce Dashboard is the visual representation of snapshots that are

generated from Salesforce reports data. Using Salesforce Dashboard
components, you can convert business requirements in Graphical
representation using Sales force reports. Like reports, Dashboard are also
stored in Folders.

What are the different Dashboard Component?

Scatter Chart, Line Chart, Funnel Chart, Vertical Bar Chart, Donut Chart,
Horizontal Bar Chart, Pie Chart, Gauge, Metric, Table, Visual force Pages.

What is Workflow?

Workflow rules are the automated process used in business process to send
Email Alerts, Assign a Task, Update a field on rule criteria or action based
criteria requirements.

What are the types of Workflow actions?

Task – Assign a Task

Email Alert: Send an Email.
Field update: Update a Field.
Outbound Message: Send an Outbound Message to External System.

What is Time-dependent Workflow?

The workflow that are scheduled to happen at a later time.

What is Approval Process?

Approval Process are used in the business process to Approve or Reject the
record.
It involves Approval or Rejection of records, where one person creates the
record and
submits that record for Approval.

What are Assignment Rules?

Assignment Rules automatically assign incoming Leads & Cases to specific
agents so that the right people work on the right leads and cases.

What are Queues?

Queues allow the group of users to manage a shared workload more

efficiently It prioritize your support team’s workload by creating lists from
which specific agents can jump in to solve certain types of cases.

What are Auto-Response Rules?

Auto Response Rules Automatically send personalized email templates for

new cases and new leads from your website.

What is Escalation Rules?

Escalation Rules , Automatically escalate cases to the right people when the
cases aren’t solved by a certain time.

What is Chatter in Salesforce?

Chatter is a Salesforce real-time collaboration application that lets your

users work together, talk to each other, and share information.

Now let us see some Salesforce Integration related Salesforce interview

questions and answers.

What is Integration?

Integration is a process of connecting two applications. A typical

enterprise uses many applications, many or most of which are not designed
to work with one another out of the box. Integrating separate but related
apps helps organizations achieve greater levels of operational consistency,
efficiency, and quality. Each application can have data, business logic,
presentation, and security layers, all of which are possible targets for
integration. This page is an overall launch point for exploring the various
integration options related to Force.com and other Salesforce platform
technologies.

What are possible Ways to Integrate with Salesforce

Force.com?

User Interface Integration: Combine the UIs of two or more apps to

create composite apps with little or no rework on the UI of each
individual app. One example is using force.com Canvas
Business Logic Integration: It uses Apex Web Services for Inbound and
Apex Callouts for Outbound. It typically handles a scenario where
business logic is spread across several applications to implement the
complete end-to-end business process. An example would be building
complex logic on the data received before committing it into Salesforce.
Data Integration:It uses SOAP APIs and REST APIs. It typically handles
data synchronization requirements, where one application in an
enterprise acts as the primary source for a particular business object,
like Account.

What is webservices?

Webservices is a functionality or code which helps to us to do

integration. Web services are open standard (XML, SOAP, HTTP, etc.) based
web applications that interact with other web applications for the purpose of
exchanging data. Web services can convert your existing applications into
web applications.

What is Protocal ?

Protocal is a set of mutually accepted and implemented rules at both ends of

the communications channel for the proper exchange of information.
How many types of API’s avaliable in salesforce?

REST API
SOAP API
Bulk API
Streaming API
Metadata API
Chatter REST API
User Interface API
Analytics REST API
Apex REST API
Apex SOAP API
Tooling API

When to Use REST API

REST API provides a powerful, convenient, and simple REST-based web

services interface for interacting with Salesforce. Its advantages include
ease of integration and development, and it’s an excellent choice of
technology for use with mobile applications and web projects. For certain
projects, you may want to use REST API with other Salesforce REST APIs. To
build UI for creating, reading, updating, and deleting records, including
building UI for list views, actions, and dependent picklists, use User Interface
API. To build UI for Chatter, communities, or recommendations, use Chatter
REST API. If you have many records to process, consider using Bulk API,
which is based on REST principles and optimized for large sets of data.

When to Use SOAP API

SOAP API provides a powerful, convenient, and simple SOAP-based web

services interface for interacting with Salesforce. You can use SOAP API to
create, retrieve, update, or delete records. You can also use SOAP API to
perform searches and much more. Use SOAP API in any language that
supports web services.

For example, you can use SOAP API to integrate Salesforce with your org’s
ERP and finance systems. You can also deliver real-time sales and support
information to company portals and populate critical business systems with
customer information.

When to Use Chatter REST API

Use Chatter REST API to display Chatter feeds, users, groups, and followers,
especially in mobile applications. Chatter REST API also provides
programmatic access to files, recommendations, topics, notifications,
Data.com purchasing, and more. Chatter REST API is similar to APIs offered
by other companies with feeds, such as Facebook and Twitter, but it also
exposes Salesforce features beyond Chatter.

Use Chatter REST API to display Chatter feeds, users, groups, and followers,
especially in mobile applications. Chatter REST API also provides
programmatic access to files, recommendations, topics, notifications,
Data.com purchasing, and more. Chatter REST API is similar to APIs offered
by other companies with feeds, such as Facebook and Twitter, but it also
exposes Salesforce features beyond Chatter.

When to Use Streaming API

Use Streaming API to receive near-real-time streams of data that are based
on changes in Salesforce records or custom payloads. For Salesforce record
changes, Salesforce publishes notifications when the changes occur. For
custom notifications, you can publish event messages. Subscribers can
receive notifications using CometD—an implementation of the Bayeux
protocol that simulates push technology. Clients can subscribe to some
types of events with Apex triggers or declaratively with Process Builder and
flows.
When to Use Apex REST API

Use Apex REST API when you want to expose your Apex classes and
methods so that external applications can access your code through REST
architecture. Apex REST API supports both OAuth 2.0 and Session ID for
authorization.

When to Use Apex SOAP API

Use Apex SOAP API when you want to expose Apex methods as SOAP web
service APIs so that external applications can access your code through
SOAP.

Apex SOAP API supports both OAuth 2.0 and Session ID for authorization.

When to Use Tooling API

Use Tooling API to integrate Salesforce metadata with other systems.

Metadata types are exposed as sObjects, so you can access one component
of a complex type. This field-level access speeds up operations on complex
metadata types. You can also build custom development tools for Force.com
applications. For example, use Tooling API to manage and deploy working
copies of Apex classes and triggers and Visualforce pages and components.
You can also set checkpoints or heap dump markers, execute anonymous
Apex, and access logging and code coverage information.

What is Call In and Call Out?

Call In is used to exposing our webservices to another system.

Call out enables you to tightly integrate your Apex with an external service
by making a call to an external Web service or sending a HTTP request from
Apex code and then receiving the response.

What is WSDL ?
WSDL (Web Services Description Language) is an XML document that
describes a web service. WSDL is derived from Microsoft’s Simple Object
Access Protocol (SOAP) and IBM’s Network Accessible Service Specification
Language (NASSL). WSDL replaces both NASSL and SOAP as the means of
expressing business services in the UDDI registry. It is used in combination
with SOAP and XML Schema to provide web services over the Internet. A
client program connecting to a web service can read the WSDL to determine
what functions are available on the server. Any special datatypes used are
embedded in the WSDL file in the form of XML Schema. The client can then
use SOAP to actually call one of the functions listed in the WSDL. There are
two types of WSDL in Salesforce:

Enterprise WSDL
Partner WSDL

What is difference between Enterprise WSDL and Partner

WSDL?

Enterprise WSDL

The Enterprise WSDL is strongly typed.

The Enterprise WSDL is tied (bound) to a specific configuration of
Salesforce (ie. a specific organization’s Salesforce configuration).
The Enterprise WSDL changes if modifications (e.g custom fields or
custom objects) are made to an organization’s Salesforce configuration.

Partner WSDL

The Partner WSDL is loosely typed.

The Partner WSDL can be used to reflect against/interrogate any
configuration of Salesforce (ie. any organization’s Salesforce
configuration).
The Partner WSDL is static, and hence does not change if modifications
are made to an organization’s Salesforce configuration.
How SOAP can be accessed ?

SOAP can be communicate through WSDL file, without WSDL file we can’t
do integration.
Message format in SOAP is XML

How to generate WSDL file?

Go to Setup -> Develop -> apex classes

Click on Apex class
Click on Generate WSDL button
Generate WSDL code from class
Save as .wsdl file in your system

How to consume external WSDL file

1. In the application, from Setup, enter Apex Classes in the Quick

Find box, then select Apex Classes.
2. Click Generate from WSDL.
3. Click Browse to navigate to a WSDL document on your local hard drive
or network, or type in the full path. This WSDL document is the basis for
the Apex class you are creating.
4. Click Parse WSDL to verify the WSDL document contents. The
application generates a default class name for each namespace in the
WSDL document and reports any errors. Parsing fails if the WSDL
contains schema types or constructs that aren’t supported by Apex
classes, or if the resulting classes exceed the 1 million character limit on
Apex classes. For example, the Salesforce SOAP API WSDL cannot be
parsed.
5. Modify the class names as desired. While you can save more than one
WSDL namespace into a single class by using the same class name for
each namespace, Apex classes can be no more than 1 million
characters total.
6. Click Generate Apex. The final page of the wizard shows which classes
were successfully generated, along with any errors from other classes.
The page also provides a link to view successfully generated code.

What is remote site settings ?

Remote site settings is used to authorize the endpoint and allow us to whom
integrate(end user)

How manys ways to XML parsing ?

They are two ways of XML parsing

1. XML streams
2. XML DOM

How to read root element in XML DOM ?

getroot element

How to read child element in XML DOM ?

getchild element

How to read all child elements in XML DOM ?

getchild elements

How to read text between tags ?

gettext

How SOAP and REST will Communicate ?

SOAP will communicate through WSDL file.

REST will communicate through HTTP protocol.

What are methods in REST

HTTPGET : Retrieve data identified by a URL.

HTTPPOST : Create a resource or post data to the server.
HTTPDELETE : Delete a resource identified by a URL.
HTTPPUT : Create or replace the resource sent in the request body.

What is difference between SOAP and REST?

SOAP API: The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is an attempt to

define a standard for creating web service APIs. It is a pattern, a web service
architecture, which specifies the basic rules to be considered while
designing web service platforms. It typically uses HTTP as a layer 7 protocol,
although this is not mandatory.

The SOAP message itself consists of an envelope, inside of which are the
SOAP headers and body, the actual information we want to send. It is based
on the standard XML format, designed especially to transport and store
structured data. SOAP may also refer to the format of the XML that the
envelope uses. SOAP is a mature standard and is heavily used in many
systems, but it does not use many of the functionality build in HTTP. While
some consider it slow, it provides a heavy set of functionality which is a
necessity in many cases. It might now be the best solution for browser-
based clients, due to its custom format.

Supports data in the form of XML only and not JSON.

Requires WSDL for the integration
Use SOAP API in any language that supports Web services.

REST API: The Representational State Transfer (REST) is another

architectural pattern (resource-oriented), an alternative to SOAP. Unlike
SOAP, RESTful applications use the HTTP build-in headers (with a variety of
media-types) to carry meta information and use the GET, POST, PUT and
DELETE verbs to perform CRUD operations. REST is resource-oriented and
uses clean URLs (or RESTful URLs).

Supports both XML and JSON format

Preferred for mobile and web apps since JSON being Lighter the app
runs smoother and faster

What is JSON ?

JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation. JSON is light weighted than
XML. When exchanging data between a browser and a server, the data can
only be text. JSON is text, and we can convert any JavaScript object into
JSON, and send JSON to the server.

Now let us see some Salesforce Apex Trigger-related Salesforce interview

questions and answers.

What is a Trigger?

Apex triggers enable you to perform custom actions before or after events to
records in Salesforce, such as insertions, updates, or deletions. Just like
database systems support triggers, Apex provides trigger support for
managing records.

Use triggers to perform tasks that can’t be done by using the point-and-
click tools in the Salesforce user interface. For example, if validating a field
value or updating a field on a record, use validation rules and workflow rules
instead.

What is Trigger Syntax?

1 trigger TriggerName on ObjectName (trigger_events) {

2 code_block
3 }

What are the various event on which a trigger can fire?

A trigger is a set of statement which can be executed on the following

events. In above trigger events one or more of below events can be used
with comma separated.

before insert
before update
before delete
after insert
after update
after delete
after undelete

What are different type of Triggers?

There are two types of triggers:

Before triggers are used to perform a task before a record is inserted

or updated or deleted. These are used to update or validate record
values before they are saved to the database.
After triggers are used if we want to use the information set by
Salesforce system and to make changes in the other records. are used
to access field values that are set by the system (such as a
record’s Id or LastModifiedDate field), and to affect changes in other
records. The records that fire the after trigger are read-only.

What are the considerations while implementing the

Triggers?

Consider the following before implementing the triggers.

Upsert trigger fires on 4 different events :- before(insert, update), after
(insert, update)
Merge trigger are fired on both events on delete
Field history is updated after the trigger has successfully finished
processing data.
Any callout should be asynchronous so that trigger does not have to
wait for the response.
A trigger cannot have a static keyword in its code.
If a trigger completes successfully the changes are committed to the
database and if it fails the transaction is rolled back.

Read the Apex Developer Guide for more detailed considerations.

What are context variables in triggers?

All triggers define implicit variables that allow developers to access run-time
context. These variables are contained in the System.Trigger class.

Following are the context variable available in triggers. Please note variable
availability in trigger varies according to the type of trigger events.

isExecuting: Returns true if the current context for the Apex code is a
trigger, not a Visualforce page, a Web service, or
an executeanonymous() API call.
isInsert: Returns true if this trigger was fired due to an insert operation,
from the Salesforce user interface, Apex, or the API.
isUpdate: Returns true if this trigger was fired due to an update
operation, from the Salesforce user interface, Apex, or the API.
isDelete: Returns true if this trigger was fired due to a delete operation,
from the Salesforce user interface, Apex, or the API.
isBefore: Returns true if this trigger was fired before any record was
saved.
isAfter: Returns true if this trigger was fired after all records were
saved.
isUndelete: Returns true if this trigger was fired after a record is
recovered from the Recycle Bin (that is, after an undelete operation
from the Salesforce user interface, Apex, or the API.)
new: Returns a list of the new versions of the sObject records. This
sObject list is only available in insert, update, and undelete triggers, and
the records can only be modified in before triggers.
newMap: A map of IDs to the new versions of the sObject records. This
map is only available in before update, after insert, after update, and
after undelete triggers.
old : Returns a list of the old versions of the sObject records. This
sObject list is only available in update and delete triggers.
oldMap: A map of IDs to the old versions of the sObject records. This
map is only available in update and delete triggers.
size: The total number of records in a trigger invocation, both old and
new.

Refer to Trigger context variables in salesforce link for more details.

How is Trigger.New Different from Trigger.newMap?

Trigger.New variable returns the list of sObject which has invoked the trigger
and Trigger.NewMap returns the map of ID’s with the newly entered records.
NewMap is only available in after insert, before and after the update and
after undelete.

How is Trigger.new different from Trigger.old?

Trigger.New variable returns the list of sObject which has invoked the trigger
and Trigger.old returns a list of the older versions of the records which have
invoked the trigger. Trigger.Old is only available in update and delete events

Can a trigger call a batch class?

Yes, we can call a batch class in the trigger as we do in the normal apex
code.

Can a trigger make a call to Apex callout method?

we can call a callout method in Apex Trigger but the only condition is that it
has to be an asynchronous callout because the trigger flow cannot wait on
the response received by the callout method.

Define Recursive Trigger and how to avoid it?

There is a possibility that the result of the trigger can end up calling the
same trigger again and can run in a loop, this is known as a recursive trigger.
To avoid this scenario we should create a static variable and check the value
of this variable before we execute anything in the trigger. For more details
refer to below link:

Avoid recursive trigger in salesforce

What do you mean by the bulkifying trigger?

A trigger should be able to handle single record and thousands of record.

There are two important point for it:

Write triggers that operate on collections of sObjects.

Write triggers that perform efficient SOQL and DML operations.

If we will not follow above point we may hit governor limit when records are
created/updated/deleted in mass using data loader or other tool.

Bulk Apex Trigger trailhead

Is there any limit on number of triggers define on an object?

We can define as many triggers on an object as we want but it is

recommended to have one trigger per object because the order of
execution of different trigger is not guaranteed and any trigger can fire first.

Can you explain the order of execution in Triggers?

Following is the order of execution of events that Salesforce performs before

a DML Event.

1. The record is loaded from the database or is initialized in case of upset

statement.
2. New record’s field values are overwriting the old values, now depending
on the origin of the request this flow varies: if the request is from a UI
page then the following validations are performed by Salesforce:
1. Any layout specific rules are checked
2. All the required values are checked at layout and field level
3. All the field formats are validated along with the maximum length of
field values

If the request originates other than UI then Salesforce only checks for
Validation of foreign keys.

3. Now all the before triggers are executed at the database.

4. Most of the validations are performed again to verify that all the
required fields are holding some values and are not null, at this step
user defined validations are also executed and the only validation which
is not repeated in this step are the rules specific to the layout.
5. After the success of the previous step, the record is reviewed for
duplicate records, by running the duplicate rule. If a duplicate is found
the flow is stopped and no further actions performed.
6. In this step, record is saved to the database but it not committed yet.
7. Now all the after Triggers are executed.
8. In this step, assignment rules are executed.
9. Now if there is any auto-response rule is present then they are
executed.
10. Next in the queues are the workflow, they are executed after the auto
response.
11. If the workflow was updating a field, then the fields updated in this step
and the flow after this step varies if this was the case.
12. If a field was updated then the before and after update triggers are fired
once more and standard validation are also executed again. Custom
validation escalation rule and duplicate rules are not required to run
again.
13. Once the execution has reached this stage, then process is fired if there
are any declared on the object.
14. Now the escalation rules are executed.
15. Entitlement rules are executed if any.
16. If there are any roll-up summary field, then they are calculated at this
step and the parent object go through the save process.
17. Now the sharing rules are executed.
18. If we reach this stage, then that means no error has occurred and the
data is ready to be committed to the database and is committed now.
19. Now if there is any post-commit logic like email, then that is executed.

Now let us see some Salesforce Lightning related Salesforce interview

questions and answers.

What is Salesforce Lightning?

Lightning is the collection of tools and technologies behind a significant

upgrade to the Salesforce platform. Lightning includes:

Experience: A set of modern user interfaces optimized for speed. This

includes the Lightning Experience, Salesforce1 Mobile app and
template-based communities.
Lightning Component Framework: A JavaScript framework and set of
standard components that allow you to build reusable components to
customize the Lightning Experience, Salesforce1 Mobile app and
template-based communities and build your own standalone apps.
Visual Building Tools: Drag-and-drop technologies for fast and easy app
building & customizations. Use the Lightning App Builder to customize
the Lightning Experience and Salesforce1 Mobile app. Use the
Community Builder to customize template-based communities.
Lightning Exchange: A section of the AppExchange where you can find
70+ partner components to jumpstart your development.
Lightning Design System: Style guides and modern enterprise UX best
practices to build pixel perfect apps that match the look and feel of the
Lightning Experience and Salesforce1 Mobile app.

What are the tools included in lightning ?

Lightning Component Framework – Components and extensions that

allow you to build reusable components, customize the Salesforce1
Mobile App, and build standalone apps.
Lightning App Builder – A new UI tool that lets you build apps lightning
fast, using components provided by Salesforce and platform
developers.
Lightning Connect – An integration tool that makes it easier for your
Force.com app to consume data from any external source that
conforms to the OData spec.
Lightning Process Builder – A UI tool for visualizing and creating
automated business processes.
Lightning Schema Builder – A UI tool for viewing and creating objects,
fields, and relationships.

What is Aura? Why do I see the aura: namespace in the

code?

Aura is the open source technology that powers Lightning Components. The
aura: namespace contains all of the basic building blocks for defining
components and applications.

Is Lightning an MVC framework?

No, it’s a component-based framework.

What is difference between Visualforce Components and

Lightning Components?

Visualforce components are page-centric and most of the work is done on

the server. Lightning is designed from the component up, rather than having
the concept of a page as its fundamental unit. Lightning Components are
client-side centric, which makes them more dynamic and mobile-friendly.

Where we can display lightning component?

There are a number of possibilities for display lightning component..

Lightning Experience: We can display component in the Lightning

Experience using the App Builder. We can edit the home page, edit a
record detail page or create/edit a new app page to include it.
Salesforce1 Mobile app: We can display component in the Salesforce1
Mobile app by creating a custom Lightning tab that references it and
adding that tab in mobile navigation.
Standalone Lightning app: By create a standalone Lightning app (e.g.
myapp.app) and include component in this app. Access Lightning app
by URL.
Add Apps to the Lightning Experience App Launcher: Your Lightning
Components apps and custom tabs are available from the App
Launcher.
Add Apps to Lightning Experience and Salesforce App Navigation: You
can add Lightning components tabs to an app and they display as items
in the app’s navigation bar.
Lightning App Builder and Community Builder : We can display
component in template-based (e.g. Napili) community using the
Community Builder. Build custom user interfaces using your own
Lightning components, or those you install from AppExchange, for
desktop and mobile devices.
Add Lightning Components to Lightning Pages: A Lightning Page is a
custom layout that lets you design pages for use in the Salesforce
mobile app or in Lightning Experience. You can use a Lightning Page to
create an app home page and add your favorite Lightning component,
such as the Expenses app we’ll be creating in this module, to it.
Add Lightning Components to Lightning Experience Record Pages: You
can customize Lightning Experience record pages by adding a Lightning
Component.
Launch a Lightning Component as a Quick Action: Create actions using
a Lightning component, and then add the action to an object’s page
layout to make it instantly accessible from a record page.
Create Stand-Alone Apps: A standalone app comprises components
that use your Salesforce data and can be used independently from the
standard Salesforce environment.
Run Lightning Components Apps Inside Visualforce Pages: Add
Lightning components to your Visualforce pages to combine features
you’ve built using both solutions. Implement new functionality using
Lightning components and then use it with existing Visualforce pages.
Run Lightning Components Apps on Other Platforms with Lightning
Out: Lightning Out is a feature that extends Lightning apps. It acts as a
bridge to surface Lightning components in any remote web container.
This means you can use your Lightning components inside of an
external site (for example, Sharepoint or SAP), or even elsewhere on the
platform such as on Heroku.
Customize Flow Screens: Create a flow to guide your users through a
business process. By default, you can add simple fields like inputs or
radio buttons to a flow screen. But with a custom Lightning component,
you can fully customize the look-and-feel and functionality of your
screen.

What are the different Lightning component bundles?

Component :UI for lightning component

Controller: Contains client-side controller methods to handle events in
the component.
Helper: JavaScript functions that can be called from any JavaScript
code in a component’s bundle
Style: Contains styles for the component.
Document: A description, sample code, and one or multiple references
to example components
Design: File required for components used in Lightning App Builder,
Lightning pages, or Community Builder.
SVG: Custom icon resource for components used in the Lightning App
Builder or Community Builder.
Renderer: Client-side renderer to override default rendering for a
component.

Click Here for official Salesforce documentation.

What is Lightning Experience?

Lightning Experience is the name for the all new Salesforce desktop app,
with new features, built with a modern user interface and optimized for
speed.

What is Lightning Design System?

Style guides and modern enterprise UX best practices to build pixel perfect
apps that match the look and feel of the Lightning Experience and
Salesforce1 Mobile app. Click Here for official link.
What happens to my existing Visualforce Pages?

They’ll continue to be supported in the current UI and Lightning Experience.

See the Trailhead module on this topic.

What are the type of events into Salesforce Lightning

component?

Application Event – Scope of this event is throughout the lightning App

and any component which has registered for this event would get a
notification.
Component Event– Scope of this event is within itself or the parent
component of this event, all the components declared within the parent
component would get notified of this event.
System Event- these are the events fired by Salesforce’s system during
the lifecycle of the lightning app.

What is the basic difference between Application Event

and Component Event?

Component events are used to do communication between child and parent.

They use bubbling and capture same as used in DOM events. A change in a
child component can be communicated to the parent component via
component event.

Application events are used to communicate any change in the component

to a broader audience. Any component who has registered for this event will
get a notified.

Component events vs Application events. Which one I

should use?

Component events can only be handled by components above them in the

containment hierarchy, therefore, their usage is localized to the components
that need to know about them.

Application events are best used for something that should be handled at
the application level, such as navigating to a specific record. Application
events allow communication between components that are in separate parts
of the application and have no direct containment relationship.

What is aura definition bundle?

A bundle contains an Aura definition and its related resources. The definition
can be a component, application, event, interface, or a tokens collection.

An AuraDefinitionBundle component is a folder that contains definition files.

Unlike most other metadata components, an AuraDefinitionBundle
component isn’t a single file, it’s a collection of files. Each file represents a
resource in a bundle, such as markup, applications, code files (including
controllers and helpers), events, documentation, and interfaces.

A bundle doesn’t have a suffix. Definition files can have one of these
suffixes:

Suffix Component Type

.app Application
.cmp Component
.design Design
.evt Event
.intf Interface
.js Controller, Helper, or Renderer
.svg SVG Image
.css Style
.auradoc Documentation
.tokens Tokens collection
What is the use of implements in lightning component?

Implements is use to refer platform interfaces which enables a component to

be used in different contexts or to grant access to extra context data, a
component can implement more than one interfaces.

Here is list of all interfaces that can be implemented in lightning component

Which interface we are supposed to implement so that a

lightning component can be used as a Tab?

We need to implement the following “force:appHostable” so that we can use

the component as a Tab.

Which interface we are supposed to implement so that a

lightning component can be used as quick action?

We need to implement the following “force: lightningQuickAction” so that we

can use the component as a Quick Action.

Which interface we are supposed to implement so that a

lightning component can be used in Community builder?

We need to implement the following

“forceCommunity:availableForAllPageTypes” so that we can use the
component in community builder.

What is use of @AuraEnabled annotation

How to call apex class from lightning component

The AuraEnabled annotation enables Lightning components to access Apex

methods and properties.
The AuraEnabled annotation is overloaded, and is used for two separate and
distinct purposes.

Use @AuraEnabled on Apex class static methods to make them

accessible as remote controller actions in your Lightning components.
Use @AuraEnabled on Apex instance methods and properties to make
them serializable when an instance of the class is returned as data from
a server-side action.

For more details, please refer to lightning:datatable example

Can we Include One Lightning component to another ?

Yes we can include one Lightning component inside another Lightning

component

How can we use Lightning Components with the

Salesforce1 Mobile App ?

We can create a custom Lightning tab that points to our component and
include that tab in our Salesforce1 Mobile navigation.

How can we use a lightning component in a VisualForce

Page?

A Lightning component can be embed in any webpage using a very powerful

and flexible feature, Lighting out. When used with Visualforce some
complexity becomes simpler.
Lightning component can be added to Visualforce page in three steps:

1. We have to first Add the Lightning Components for Visualforce

JavaScript library to your targetted Visualforce page using the tag.
2. Next we have to create and refer a Lightning app which is used to the
component dependencies.
3. Lastly we need to write a JavaScript function which will finally create the
the component on the page using $Lightning.createComponent()

For more details, please refer Use Lightning Components in Visualforce

Pages

Can we integrate Lightning components with another

framework like Angular?

Yes, we can integrate lightning with any 3rd party framework.

Can we include external JavaScript/CSS libraries like

jQuery, bootstrap in components?

Yes, we can use multiple libraries in our lightning component like JQuery,
Bootstrap, custom CSS and custom Javascript libraries using static
resource.

What is use of aura:method tag in salesforce lightning?

We can use <aura:method> to define a method as part of a component’s

API. This enables you to directly call a method in a component’s client-side
controller instead of firing and handling a component event. Using
<aura:method> simplifies the code needed for a parent component to call a
method on a child component that it contains.

How to ensure FLS while working with Lightning

Component?

FLS and CRUD are not automatically enforced in the lightning component
whenever any object is referenced in the Apex Controller and the component
will display the fields and records for which the users do not have access.
Therefore we should manually enforce the FLS and CRUD in the Apex
Controller. Also when we use Lightning Data service it takes care of FLS and
CRUD for us.

How can we display loading spinner in lightning

component?

Spinners are CSS loading indicators that should be shown when retrieving
data or performing slow computations. lightning:spinner displays an
animated spinner image to indicate that a request is loading. This
component can be used when retrieving data or performing an operation
that takes time to complete.

aura:waiting and aura:donewaiting can be used for controlling the loading

spinner.

For more details please refer to below post lightning spinner

How can we conditionally display content in lightning

component?

We can use aura:if to conditionally display content in lightning component.

For more details refer to below post aura:if in lightning component

What is the use of force:hasRecordId interface?

or

How to get current record id in lightning component?

Add the force:hasRecordId interface to a Lightning component to enable

the component to be assigned the ID of the current record. The current
record ID is useful if the component is used on a Lightning record page, as
an object-specific custom action or action override in Lightning Experience
or the Salesforce app, and so on. This interface has no effect except when
used within Lightning Experience, the Salesforce mobile app, and template-
based communities.

For more details refer below link force:hasRecordId

What is a FlexiPage in lightning?

FlexiPage represents the metadata associated with a Lightning page. A

Lightning page represents a customizable screen made up of regions
containing Lightning components.
A Lightning page can contain upto 25 components. Flexi page are stored as
xml file and can be deployed using metadata api or any deployment tool.

Lightning pages are referred as FlexiPages in API and referred as Lightning

pages elsewhere in SFDC documentation.

How can we deploy lightning components?

Lightning components can be deployed similar to any other component

using changeset, ant migration tool, eclipse or any other migration tool.

What Is Lightning Data Service?

Use Lightning Data Service to load, create, edit, or delete a record in your
component without requiring Apex code. Lightning Data Service handles
sharing rules and field-level security for you. In addition to not needing Apex,
Lightning Data Service improves performance and user interface
consistency. Main advantage of using lightning data service is that we can
perform basic operations without Apex code.

For more details refer to below link Lightning Data Service

What is Locker Service in Salesforce Lightning?

Locker Service is a powerful security architecture for Lightning

components. Locker Service enhances security by isolating Lightning
components that belong to one namespace from components in a different
namespace. Locker Service also promotes best practices that improve the
supportability of your code by only allowing access to supported APIs and
eliminating access to non-published framework internals.

For more details please refer below link: Locker Services

What are value providers in Salesforce Lightning ?

Value Providers in lightning Component encapsulate related values together

and used to access data. In Salesforce lightning, we have two value
providers for a component they are v (View) and c (Controller).

v is component attribute set which helps to access component attribute

values in markup
c is component controller helps us to link with event handlers and action
for the component

What are List of Global value providers in lightning?

$globalID
$Browser
$Label
$Locale
$Resource

How to create popup in lightning component?

Modals/Popup Box are used to display content in a layer above the app. This
paradigm is used in cases such as the creation or editing of a record, as well
as various types of messaging and wizards.

For more details, refer to below link Modal/Popup Lightning Component

Salesforce

Now let us see some Salesforce Security-related Salesforce interview

questions and answers.

What are different Levels of data access in Salesforce?

Organization level security

For your whole org, you can maintain a list of authorized users, set password
policies, and limit logins to certain hours and locations.

Object level security

Access to object-level data is the simplest thing to control. By setting

permissions on a particular type of object, you can prevent a group of users
from creating, viewing, editing, or deleting any records of that object. For
example, you can use object permissions to ensure that interviewers can
view positions and job applications but not edit or delete them.

Field level security

You can restrict access to certain fields, even if a user has access to the
object. For example, you can make the salary field in a position object
invisible to interviewers but visible to hiring managers and recruiters.

Record level security

You can allow particular users to view an object, but then restrict the
individual object records they’re allowed to see. For example, an interviewer
can see and edit her own reviews, but not the reviews of other interviewers.
You can manage record-level access in these four ways.

Organization-wide defaults
Role hierarchies
Sharing rules
Manual sharing

What is Organization-wide defaults?

Organization Wide Defaults(OWD) in salesforce is the baseline level of

access that the most restricted user should have. Organizational Wide
Defaults are used to restrict access. You grant access through other means
like(sharing rules, Role Hierarchy, Sales Teams and Account teams, manual
sharing, Apex Sharing ). In simple words Organization Wide
Defaults(OWD) specify the default level of access users have to each other’s
records.

For more details please level to below post Organization Wide

Defaults(OWD) in salesforce

What is role hierarchy?

It gives access for users higher in the hierarchy to all records owned by users
below them in the hierarchy. Role hierarchies don’t have to match your
organization chart exactly. Instead, each role in the hierarchy should
represent a level of data access that a user or group of users needs.

What are Sharing Rules?

Sharing Rules are automatic exceptions to organization-wide defaults for

particular groups of users, so they can get to records they don’t own or can’t
normally see. Sharing rules, like role hierarchies, are only used to give
additional users access to records. They can’t be stricter than your
organization-wide default settings.

What is Manual sharing?

It allows owners of particular records to share them with other users.

Although manual sharing isn’t automated like org-wide sharing settings, role
hierarchies, or sharing rules, it can be useful in some situations, such as
when a recruiter going on vacation needs to temporarily assign ownership of
a job application to someone else.

Some more questions for Salesforce security interview questions post.

What is Profile

Each user has a single profile that controls which data and features that user
has access to. A profile is a collection of settings and permissions. Profile
settings determine which data the user can see, and permissions determine
what the user can do with that data.

The settings in a user’s profile determine whether she can see a

particular app, tab, field, or record type.
The permissions in a user’s profile determine whether she can create or
edit records of a given type, run reports, and customize the app.

Profiles usually match up with a user’s job function (for example, system
administrator, recruiter, or hiring manager), but you can have profiles for
anything that makes sense for your Salesforce org. A profile can be assigned
to many users, but a user can have only one profile at a time.

What are standard profiles?

Read Only
Standard User
Marketing User
Contract Manager
System Administrator

What is Permission Set?

A permission set is a collection of settings and permissions that give users
access to various tools and functions. The settings and permissions in
permission sets are also found in profiles, but permission sets extend users’
functional access without changing their profiles.

Permission sets make it easy to grant access to the various apps and custom
objects in your org, and to take away access when it’s no longer needed.

Users can have only one profile, but they can have multiple permission sets.

What is “View all” and “Modify all” permission?

View all and Modify all permissions are usually given to system administrator.
When you grant “View All” or “Modify All” for an object on a profile or
permission set, you grant any associated users access to all records of that
object regardless of the sharing and security settings.

In essence, the “View All” and “Modify All” permissions ignore the sharing
model, role hierarchy, and sharing rules that the “Create,” “Read,” “Edit,” and
“Delete” permissions respect. Furthermore, “Modify All” also gives a user
the ability to mass transfer, mass update, and mass delete records of that
specific object, and approve such records even if the user is not a
designated approver.

These tasks are typically reserved for administrators, but because “View All”
and “Modify All” let us selectively override the system, responsibilities that
are usually reserved for the administrator can be delegated to other users in
a highly controlled fashion.

Is it possible to restrict permission for users using

permission set?

No, Permission Set always extends the permission. It does not restrict
permission to users.
If a user does not have access to a specific record type,
will they be able to see the records that have that record
type?

Yes, Record type controls only visibility of record on UI but not its access to
users. If user does not have access to record type then user will not be able
to create records for that record type using UI. But user will we able to see
records if they have appropriate permission to do so.

For more details about salesforce interview questions and answers, please
refer to below posts:

Salesforce admin interview questions

Salesforce Integration Interview questions and answers
Salesforce Interview Questions on Triggers
Salesforce Lightning Interview Questions
Salesforce security interview questions
Salesforce developer interview questions