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1) Atoms - Moles and Stoichiometry

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Aarija Rimsa
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14 views

1) Atoms - Moles and Stoichiometry

Uploaded by

Aarija Rimsa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter: 3 Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry ‘Some Definitions (for memorization): 1. Unified atomic mass ‘© One twelfth of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 isotope in its gr te ‘© Denoted by wor sometimes Da © Lunified atomic mass = 1u = 1.66 x10 "kg 2. Relative atomic mass '¢ It is the ratio of the average mass of the atoms of an the unified atomic mass unit. Denoted by A. A. = weighted average mass of atoms in 3 ’element + unified atomic mass unit 8. Chlorine has two isotopes: C135 and Cl WX 1-35 comprises of 75% 1-37 comprises of 25% ‘A. = [ (75x35) + (25x37) ] + 100 SS =355 ¢ © Itis the ratigof dl compoun ‘average mass of the atoms of a molecule of a molecular Fatomic mass unit. M average mass of molecules in a given sample of a molecular compound + inifidd at@mic’imass unit 'a8s is similar to M, and the compound contains ions. {tis the ratio of the mass of a particular isotope of an element containing Avogadro no of particles to the unified atomic mass unit. '* Amount of substance containing Avogadro no of particles (6.02 x 10”), The particles can be atoms, molecules, jons or electrons. Scanned with CamScanner6. Empirical formula © Its the simplest whole number ratio of the elements present in one molecule of the compound, 7. Molecular tormula It shows the number of the atoms of each element present in a molecule. 1. For solid substances and if mass(g/kg/tonnes) is give ‘Mol = mass + RMM_ 2. For gases at rtp ( 20 degree celcius, 1 atm) Mol = vol + Molar gas volume {molar gas volume: 1 mole of any gas occupies “EN * at rtp. This volume is called Some Formulae (for solving mathematical problems): SS molar gas volume] 3. For gases, as per the Avogadro law: Vol ratio = Molar ratio, 4. For aqueous solution Mol = vol x conc S Af the vol isin cm’, it 32 to dm’, Thus the eqn becomes: conc}s, Mol = (vol x 5. Conversion iden’ Multiply, RMM of the compound 8.0, HCI to g/dm* 3.65 g/dm? e yield = (actual value + theoretical value) x 100 7. Noof particles = molxLxn 8. For combustion reactions Gil, + x4 (¥/4) 03 > xCO) + (y/2} H0 Lx (y/4) > x: (y/2) Scanned with CamScannerLast minute revision: Definitions, Hydrated and anhydrous salt and water of crystallization, Formula 1 to 6 and excess and limiting reagent ‘% composition by mass Empirical and molecular formula Construct and balance chemical equation and ionic equation Deduce stoichiometry ~ Calculation using the formula for conc and ae molar ratio Deduce stoichiometry - Calculation regarding Avogadro hypothesis Sone ~ Scanned with CamScanner

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