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Philippine Mineral Deposits

The document summarizes the major types of mineral deposits found in the Philippine based on their geologic environments and tectonic settings. It describes seven distinct geologic environments that host different mineral deposit types - oceanic, island arc, continental, and mixtures. It then provides detailed classifications and examples of major mineral deposits in the Philippines for precious metals, iron and ferroalloys, non-ferrous metals, fertilizer minerals, industrial materials, structural materials, gemstones, energy resources, and groundwater. The variety of mineral deposits formed reflect the complex tectonic history and varied lithologies of the Philippine islands.

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Lara Charisse
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412 views

Philippine Mineral Deposits

The document summarizes the major types of mineral deposits found in the Philippine based on their geologic environments and tectonic settings. It describes seven distinct geologic environments that host different mineral deposit types - oceanic, island arc, continental, and mixtures. It then provides detailed classifications and examples of major mineral deposits in the Philippines for precious metals, iron and ferroalloys, non-ferrous metals, fertilizer minerals, industrial materials, structural materials, gemstones, energy resources, and groundwater. The variety of mineral deposits formed reflect the complex tectonic history and varied lithologies of the Philippine islands.

Uploaded by

Lara Charisse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHILIPPINE MINERAL DEPOSITS

Formed in three distinct environments:


1. oceanic - characterized by thin but dense crust by expanding lateral
spreading from a rift system usually at the middle of the ocean basin
and bounded by continents or island arcs (ocean basins: Pacific,
Atlantic, South China Sea, West Philippine Sea and Japan Sea)

2. island arc – between continents and normal ocean basins. A complete


island arc system has the ff: a trench, a forearc, a fore arc basin, a
magmatic arc and a back arc basin. Oceanic lithosphere are subducted
in trenches. This brings about the configuration of the island, melting
of materials along the interface between sinking and over-riding slabs,
magmas rise upward to form plutonic rocks, volcanic rocks.

3. continental – characterized by thick but light crust, stable over long


periods of geologic time, and composed of thick non-volcanic
sedimentary sequences, acidic igneous rocks, and large amounts of
metamorphic rocks.

4. many tectonic regions in the Philippines are a mixture of several


environments due to amalgamation or suturing of different tectonic
terrains and overprinting of younger to older geologic environments.

Geologic Environments of Philippine Mineral Deposits:


1. Oceanic: includes marginal basins (South China Sea), normal oceanic
basin (West Philippine Sea) and trapped oceanic basin/extensional
backarc basin (Sulu and Celebes Sea).
2. Continental with continental basement exposed
3. Continental with significantly thick sedimentary cover over
continental basement
4. Sedimentary basin in island arc system
5. Accreted oceanic crust in island arc system
6. Other parts of the island arc system

Mineral Deposits

I. Precious Metals – Gold and Silver


Distribution:
1. Baguio Gold District
2. Paracale Gold District
3. Masbate Gold District
4. Surigao Gold District
5. Masara Gold District

Classification of Deposits:
1. Vein Type
2. Placer
3. Contact Metasomatic
4. Disseminated and/or Porphyry

Some important Deposits:


1. Antamok Mine, Benguet
2. Acupan Mine, Benguet
3. Thanksgiving Mine, Benguet
4. Marian Gold Project, Cordon, Isabela
5. Paracale –Gumaos Mine
6. Malaguit – Placer Gold, Paracale
7. Aroroy Deposit, Masbate
8. Placer Mine Project, Surigao del Norte
9. Siana Mine, Mainit, Surigao del Norte
10.Tambis Mine,Barobo, Surigao del Norte
11.Masara Mine, Maco, Davoa del Norte
12.Hijo Mine, Mabini, Davo del Norte

General Characteristics of Epithermal Gold Deposits Associated with


Subaerial Rocks

Low Sulphidation High Sulphidation


(LS) (Acid-sulfate)
(Adularia-sericite)
Deposit Form Open-space veins Disseminated ore
dominant, stockwork dominant,
ore common. replacement ore
Disseminated and common, stockwork
replacement ore ore minor, viens
minor commonly
subordinate
Textures Veins, Cavity filling Wallrock
(bands, colloforms, replacement, breccias,
druses), breccias veins
Ore minerals Pyrite, electrum, gold, Pyrite, enargite,
sphalerite, galena chalcopyrite,
(arsenopyrite) tennantite, covellite,
gold, tellurides
Gangue Quatrz, chalcedony, Quartz, alunite,
calcite, adularia, illite, barite, kaolinite,
carbonates pyrophyllite
Metals Au, Ag, Zn, Pb (CU, Cu, Au, Ag, As (Pb,
Sb, As, Hg, Se) Hg, Sb, te, sn, Mo, Bi)

Example is Lepanto Far Southeast Deposit

II. Iron and Ferro-Alloys


A. Iron
Classification of Deposits:
1. Contact Metasomatic
2. Magnetite Sand Deposits
3. Laterite Deposits
4. Bedded Sedimentary Deposits
5. Spring Deposits
6. Bog Iron Deposits
7. Other Iron Deposits

II. Iron and Ferro-Alloys


A. Iron
Classification of Deposits:
8. Contact Metasomatic
9. Magnetite Sand Deposits
10.Laterite Deposits
11.Bedded Sedimentary Deposits
12.Spring Deposits
13.Bog Iron Deposits
Other Iron Deposits
B. Chromite
Classification of Deposits:
1. Primary Podiform Chromite Deposits
2. Residual/Transported Chromite Deposits

Some Important Deposits:


1. Acoje Deposits, Zambales
2. Coto, Zambales
3. Samar Chromite Deposits
4. Batng-batang, Central Palawan

C. Nickel
Classification of Deposits:
1. Primary Nickel Sulfide Deposits
2. Epithermal Deposits
3. Laterite Deposits

Some Important Deposits


1. Acoje Mine, Sta. Cruz, Zambales
2. Epithermal Nickel Deposits of Jaro, Northern Leyte
3. Laterite Deposits. Nonoc Island, Surigao del Norte

D. Manganese
Classification of Deposits:
1. Primary Manganese Deposits
2. Secondary Manganese Deposits

Some Important Deposits


1. Anda, Bohol
2. Jiabong Western Samar
3. Enrique Villanueva, Siquijor
4. Coron, Busuanga Island

III. Non-Ferrous Metals


A. Copper
Classification of Deposits
1. Porphyry Copper Deposits
2. Vein Type Copper Deposits
3. Kuroko Type Copper Deposits
4. Cyprus Type copper Deposits
5. Besshi Type Copper Deposits
6. Contact Metasomatic Deposits

Some Important Deposits


1. Sto. Tomas Mine
2. Dizon Mine, Zambales
3. Tapian Mine, Marinduque
4. Atlas Mine, Cebu
5. Sipalay Mine, Negros occidental
6. Mankayan Mine, Benguet
7. Lobo Copper Mine
8. Wildcat Copper Deposits
9. Kanapnapan Copper-Zinc, Cebu
10.Cabapa Mine
11.Bagacay Mine, Eastern Samar
12.Sulat Copper Deposit, Ilocos
13.Malasin Copper Prospect
14.Canibongan Copper Prospect
15.barlo Mine
16.Bongbongan Mine
17.Malabog Mine
18.Port Bicobian Copper Prospect
19.Hixbar Mine
20.Rapu-rapu Mine
21.Lubang Copper prospect
22.PIM Bessemer Deposit

B. Lead and Zinc

Lead-Zinc Deposits in Ayala District, Zamboanga City;, Mabini, Cebu City

C. Molybdenum
1. Sipalay
2. Atlas, Cebu
3. Larap, Camarines Norte
4. basay

D. Aluminum
Bauxite Deposits – Bucas Grande Island, Surigao del Norte, Samar
E. Mercury
Cinnabar Deposits in Central Palawan

IV. Fertilizer minerals


A. Guano
Classification of Deposits

B. Phosphate Rock
1. Guano Derived Deposit
2. Open Cut Phosphate Deposit
3. Isabel Phosphate Deposit
4. Guihulngan Phospahte Deposit
5. Calatrava, Negros Occ

C. Limestone

D. Dolomite
1. Alcoy, Cebu
2. Dumanjug, Cebu
3. Danao, Cebu
4. Calatrava, Negros Occidental

E. Magnesite
Putalinao, banay-abany, Davao Oriental

F. Peat
Peat Deposits of Leyte

V. Industrial and Manufacturing Materials


A. Asbestos
Asbestos Deposit of Pangasinan

B. Barite

C. Bentonite
Balamban, Cebu
D. Clay
Classification
1. Residual Clays
2. Transported Clays
E. Diatomite

F. Dolomite

G. Feldspar

H. Gypsum
1. Batangas
2. Marinduque
3. Cagayan
4. Nueva Vizcaya
5. Bulacan
6. Albay
7. Camarines Sur
8. Selenite in Mindanao
9. Satin Spar in Negros Oriental

I. Limestone

J. Magnesite

K. Perlite

L. Silica
1. Silica in Rock Form
2. Silica in Fragmental Form
3. Siliceous Clays

M. Talc
Talc Deposits in Cabangan, Zambales

N. Cement Raw Materials

O. Ceramic Raw Materials

P. Refractory Ore Materials


1. Silica and semi silica
2. Magnesite
3. Dolomite
4. Chrome and Chrome Magnesite

Q. Sulfur

Pamplona, Negros Oriental- Native Sulfur


Sulfur in Pyrite- Bagacay, Samar; Atlas, Cebu
Basay, Negros Or.
VI. Structural and building Materials
A. Marble
Some Deposits
1. Bulacan
2. Rizal
3. Mindoro
4. Panay
5. Palawan
6. Cebu
7. Romblon
8. Mindanao

B. Pumice and Pumicite (volcanic ash or dust)


Lightweight aggregate, Juban, Sorsogon

C. Rock Aggregates

D. Rock Asphalt
Found in shales and sandstone in Balite, Villaba, Leyte

E. Sand and Gravel

F. Volcanic Tuff (Adobe)

VII. Gemstone and Decorative Materials


1. Zambales Jade
2. Mindoro Jade
3. Dasol Jasper Deposit, Pangasinan
4. Tektite Deposits, Camarines Norte
5. Obsidian Deposit, Laguna
6. petrified Wood, Legaspi City
VIII. Energy Mineral Resources
A. Hydrocarbons – oil and gas (Palawan, Mindanao, Cebu, Central
Luzon)
B. Coal
C. Geothermal Energy (Volcanic Areas), near volcanoes
D. Uranium

IX. Groundwater Resources

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