1.ECDIS LINK (youtube): VDO ( https://youtu.be/WvkHKBvL8s0?

t=161)

(Navy sailor-4000, Transas ),Familiarization & operation system

2. ECDIS Glossary
AIS - Automatic Identification System                                               
ARPA - Automatic Radar Plotting Aid                                                   
COG - Course Over Ground
The GPS system’s calculation of the ship’s heading in relation to the installed chart system
DGPS - Differential Global Positioning System
An enhancement to GPS that uses a network of fixed, ground-based reference stations to broadcast the difference between the positions indicated by
the satellite system and the known fixed positions 
DNC - Digital Nautical Charts
A vector-based digital product designed to give navigators an up-to-date seamless database of the world. DNCs are published by the National
Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
EBL - Electronic Bearing Line
A feature in a radar that is used to determine the relative bearing of an object from the observing ship’s bearing
EC - Electronic Chart  
ECDIS - Electronic Chart Display and Information System                                                                    
ENC - Electronic Navigational Chart                                                                                        
GPS - Global Positioning System                                                         
HDT - Heading True
Used to send heading information from the gyro-compass to other devices including radar and ECDIS
IBS - Integrated Bridge System                                                                                          
RENC - Regional ENC Coordination Centre
RENC validates and distributes ENCs from producing nations to end-users. Only two currently exist, PRIMAR in Norway and IC-ENC in the UK
RNC - Raster Nautical Chart                                                                 
SENC - System Electronic Navigational Chart                                        
SOG - Speed Over Ground
The GPS system’s approximation of the ship’s speed in relation to the installed chart
TCS - Track Control System                                                                  
Via a connection with the autopilot, TCS in an ECDIS controls that the ship’s GPS position follows a pre-planned track
TTM - Tracked Target Status                                                                
Used to send tracked target information from ARPA to ECDIS
VDR - Voyage Data Recorder                                                                
VRM - Variable Range Marker                                                              
A feature of radar used to determine relative distance to any target seen on the screen
VTS - Vessel Traffic Services                                                               
WEND - Worldwide Electronic Navigational Chart Data Base                
An IHO concept, based on the set of WEND Principles, designed specifically to ensure a world-wide consistent level of high-quality, updated official
ENCs through integrated services that support chart carriage requirements of SOLAS and the requirements of IMO PS for ECDIS
 

3. What is ECDIS?
The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is a development in the navigational chart system used in naval
vessels and ships. With the use of the electronic chart system, it has become easier for a ship's navigating crew to pinpoint
locations and attain directions.

An Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is a computer-based navigation system that complies with IMO regulations and can be
used as an alternative to paper navigation charts. Integrating a variety of real-time information, it is an automated decision aid capable of continuously
determining a vessel’s position in relation to land, charted objects, navigation aids and unseen hazards.
An ECDIS includes electronic navigational charts (ENC) and integrates position information from the Global Positioning System (GPS) and other
navigational sensors, such as radar, fathometer and automatic identification systems (AIS). It may also display additional navigation-related
information, such as sailing directions.

ECDIS is defined in the IMO ECDIS Performance Standards (IMO Resolution A.817(19)) as follows:
Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) means a navigation information system which, with adequate back up arrangements, can be
accepted as complying with the up-to-date chart required by regulation V/19 & V/27 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, by displaying selected information
from navigation sensors to assist the mariner in route planning and route monitoring, and by displaying additional navigation-related information if
required.

An Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is a geographic information system

used for nautical navigation that complies with International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations
as an alternative to paper nautical charts. IMO refers to similar systems not meeting the regulations
as Electronic Chart Systems (ECSs).
An ECDIS system displays the information from Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) and integrates
position information from position, heading and speed through water reference systems and
optionally other navigational sensors. Other sensors which could interface with an ECDIS
are radar, Navtex, Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), and depth sounders.

ECDIS provides continuous position and navigational safety information. The system generates audible and/or visual alarms when the vessel is in
proximity to navigational hazards.

4. The two most widely used types of electronic chart data are listed below.
Electronic Navigational Charts ("ENCs")
ENCs are vector charts that conform to the requirements for the chart databases for ECDIS, with standardized content, structure and format, issued for
use with ECDIS on the authority of government authorized hydrographic offices. ENCs are vector charts that also conform to International
Hydrographic Organization (IHO) specifications stated in IHO Publication S-57.

ENCs contain all the chart information necessary for safe navigation, and may contain supplementary information in addition to that contained in the
paper chart. Systems using ENC charts can be programmed to give warning of impending danger in relation to the vessel's position and movement.
ECDIS systems must be certified according to IMO regulations.

Raster Navigational Charts ("RNCs")

Raster Navigational Charts (RNCs) are raster graphics charts that conform to IHO S-61 and are produced by converting paper charts to digital image
by scanner. The image is similar to digital camera pictures, which could be zoomed in for more detailed information as it does in ENCs. IMO Resolution
MSC.86(70) permits ECDIS equipment to operate in a Raster Chart Display System (RCDS) mode in the absence of ENC.

5. Regulations. 02.07.20*****
ECDIS (as defined by IHO Publications S-57 and S-52) is an approved marine navigational chart and information system, which is accepted as
complying with the conventional paper charts required by Regulation V/19 of the 1974 IMO SOLAS Convention as amended. The performance
requirements for ECDIS are defined by IMO and the consequent test standards have been developed by the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) in International Standard IEC 61174.

In the future, the ENC will be part of a product specification family which is based on the "IHO Universal Hydrographic Data Model", known as S-100.
The product specification number S-101 has been assigned to the ENC.

6. Questionnaires: #

. What is an ECDIS?
A. ECDIS is defined in the IMO ECDIS Performance Standards (IMO Resolution A.817(19)) as follows:
Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) means a navigation information system which, with adequate back up
arrangements, can be accepted as complying with the up-to-date chart required by regulation V/19 & V/27 of the 1974 SOLAS
Convention, by displaying selected information from navigation sensors to assist the mariner in route planning and route monitoring,
and by displaying additional navigation-related information if required.
Put in simpler terms it is a computer-based navigation system that integrates electronic navigational charts (ENC), position
information from the Global Positioning System (GPS) and other navigational sensors, such as radar, fathometer and automatic
identification systems (AIS) to provide an alternative to paper navigation charts. 
Q. What are the IMO Regulations regarding ECDIS?
A. At its 86th session from May 26 to June 5 2009, the IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee approved new regulations making the
carriage of ECDIS mandatory.
The resulting amendments to SOLAS Chapter V regulation 19.2 require ships engaged on international voyages to be fitted with
ECDIS according to the table below.
Q. When does it come into force?
A. The requirement for the installation of an ECDIS has been in force since July 2012 in stages depending on the vessel type. A
timetable of the implementation dates can be found below.
Q. What is the schedule for implementing ECDIS?
A.

 
Q. How do I comply with the regulations?
A. To comply with the IMO regulations you will be required to install an ECDIS with type approval from the recognised organisations
or marine classification societies nominated by flag states within the timescale shown in the above timetable. The primary method
for navigation will be ECDIS but a back up is required in the event of a failure. The back up can either be a secondary ECDIS
(known as a dual system) connected to an independent power supply and GPS position input or the traditional paper charts.

What is the backup Requirement for ECDIS?

There are two commonly accepted options: -

A second ECDIS, connected to an independent power supply and a separate GPS

position input;

- Up to date paper nautical charts sufficient for the intended voyage .

Some Flag States may, however, permit other options (for example; radar-based
systems such as ”Chart-Radar”). Ship owners should consult their national
maritime administration for specific guidance

Q. What is a nautical chart? 

A. Nautical charts are maps specifically designed to meet the requirements of marine navigation, showing amongst other things
depths, nature of bottom, elevations, configuration and characteristics of coast, dangers and aids to navigation. IMO requirements
are for all vessels engaged on international voyages to carry nautical charts on board.
Nautical charts can be in analogue form (paper charts) or digital (electronic charts). However, only charts issued by or on the
authority of a government and official Hydrographic Office are classified as official charts and authorised to fulfil carriage
requirements. Any other type of chart (private charts) are not permitted as tools for navigation under the IMO SOLAS convention.

There are two types of OFFICIAL digital/electronic charts : –

1) Raster Navigational Charts (RNC) and 2) Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) which are known as vector charts: 

Raster (RNC) – this is purely a scanned and passive image of a paper chart.
Vector (ENC) – these maps are manipulative by the user to show specific user-defined information and the features are drawn from
a series of points, lines and area shapes. Also, warning alarms can be created to aid avoidance of disaster i.e. grounding of vessel.

Q. What is an ENC?
ENC is an acronym for Electronic Navigation Chart which is a file containing the official chart data that an ECDIS utilises.
The IMO defines an ENC as follows:
ENC means the database, standardised as to content, structure and format, issued for use with ECDIS on the authority of
government-authorised Hydrographic Offices. The ENC contains all the chart information useful for safe navigation, and may
contain supplementary information in addition to that contained in the paper, which may be considered necessary for safe
navigation.
The use of ENCs in an approved and certified ECDIS and with appropriate back up arrangements is the only paperless chart option
for vessel navigation.
Q. What is a SENC?
A. SENC is an acronym for System Electronic Navigational Chart(SENC). An ECDIS converts ENC data into its own internal SENC
format for optimal chart image creation. SENC data can differ between manufacturers.  
“The System Electronic Navigational Chart (SENC) means a database resulting from the transformation of the ENC by ECDIS for
appropriate use, updates to the ENC by appropriate means and other data added by the mariner. It is this database that is actually
accessed by ECDIS for the display generation and other navigational functions and is the equivalent to an up-to-date paper chart.” 
Q. What is RCDS?
A. RCDS is an acronym for Raster Chart Display System. A vessel is permitted to sail in RCDS mode if approved by their flag state
for geographical areas where there are no ENCs available. For Flag state conformance, vessels must also carry up to date paper
charts for these areas. Using RCDS mode in ENC available geographic areas is forbidden. If sailing in RCDS mode then paper
charts become the primary form of navigation and the electronic chart is simply an aid to navigation.
Q. How is the chart update process managed?
A. Chart updates for ECDIS can be done directly to vessels by DVD, e-mail or online. We understand the complexity of managing
the changes to chart folios resulting from changing vessels' trading patterns or available ENC coverage. We can ensure that your
vessel can have the latest charts via a variety of update methods.
Q. What else is needed to comply?
A. As well as the purchase and installation of a fully approved ECDIS, compliant training is also required (Cert.operator).
Q. What training is required?
A. Bridge officers / OOW should receive flag state approved general ECDIS training that follows the IMO Model Course 1.27 (40
hours) to satisfy the IMO Standards for Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW). In addition to this, manufacturer approved
equipment-specific training needs to be carried out according to the IMO’s International Safety Management (ISM) Code.