SENIOR

Basic Calculus HIGH

SCHOOL

Antiderivatives of Polynomial Module

and Radical Functions 2
Quarter 4
Basic Calculus
Quarter 4 – Module 2: Antiderivatives of Algebraic Functions
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Emma G. Gonzalvo
Editors: Nenet M. Pe𝑛̃aranda
Reviewers: Erwin C. Lugtu, Raffy D. Maga, Annie Ascotia, and Ron Robert Peca𝑛̃a
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, Ed. D.
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javena, Ed D.
Chief - School Governance and Operations Division
Manuel A. Laguerta, Ed. D.
Chief- Curriculum Implementation Division
Education Program Supervisors
1. Librada L. Agon, Ed. D., EPP/TLE
2. Liza A. Alvarez, Science
3. Bernard R. Balitao, Araling Panlipunan
4. Joselito E. Calios, English
5. Norlyn D. Conde, Ed. D., MAPEH
6. Wilma Q. Del Rosario, LRMS
7. Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D., Filipino
8. Perlita M. Ignacio, Ph. D., ESP/SPED
9. Dulce O. Santos, Ed. D., Kinder/MTB
10. Teresita P. Tagulao, Ed. D., Mathematics

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Division of Pasig City
Basic SENIOR
HIGH

Calculus
SCHOOL

Module

2
Quarter 4

Antiderivatives of Polynomial
and Radical Functions
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Basic Calculus for Senior High School Module on Antiderivatives of
Algebraic Functions!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge Schools Division
Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership with the Local
Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto.
The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they
do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Basic Calculus Module on Antiderivatives of Polynomial & Radical

Functions!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is
capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at
your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module

Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you understand
from the previous lesson.

Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons.

Valuing-this part will check the integration of values in the learning competency.

Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module. Ito po ang parts ng module
EXPECTATION

Lesson: Antiderivatives of Polynomial and Radical Functions

Learning Objective:

At the end of the learning episode, you are expected to:

1. compute the general antiderivative of polynomial and radical functions.

PRETEST

Matching Type. Match the functions in Column A with their corresponding

antiderivatives in Column B.
Column A Column B
3
14𝑥 2
1. ∫ 4𝑑𝑥 a. +𝐶
3
10𝑥 3
2. ∫ 𝑥 7 𝑑𝑥 b. + 2𝑥 2 +𝐶
3
1 1
3. ∫ 𝑥 7 𝑑𝑥 c. − 6 + 𝐶
6𝑥
2 𝑥7
4. ∫(10𝑥 + 4𝑥)𝑑𝑥 d. + 𝐶
7
5. ∫ 7√𝑥 𝑑𝑥 e. 4𝑥 + 𝐶

RECAP

Let us recall first the following differentiation formulas:

a. 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 ) = 1
b. 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1 , where n is any real number.
c. 𝐷𝑥 [𝑎(𝑓(𝑥 ))] = 𝑎𝐷𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥)].
d. 𝐷𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥) ± 𝑔(𝑥)] = 𝐷𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥)] ± 𝐷𝑥 [𝑔(𝑥)].
LESSON

In our previous discussion, we illustrate the process of antidifferentiation. It is

just the inverse process of finding the derivatives of functions.
In this lesson, we will find the antiderivatives of polynomial functions and
radical functions.
Basic Theorems on Antidifferentiation
Theorem 2.1 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶

Example 1. ∫ 100 𝑑𝑥 = 100𝑥 + 𝐶

3 3
Example 2. ∫ 5 𝑑𝑥 = 5 𝑥 + 𝐶

Theorem 2.2 If n is any real number and 𝑛 ≠ −1, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛

𝑥 𝑛+1
∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑛+1
+ 𝐶.

𝑥 5+1 𝑥6
Example 3. ∫ 𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶 = +𝐶
5+1 6

𝑥 −3+1 𝑥 −2 1
Example 4. ∫ 𝑥 −3 𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶 = + 𝐶 = − 2𝑥2 + 𝐶
−3+1 −2

Theorem 2.3 If 𝑎 is any constant and 𝑓 is a function, then

∫ 𝑎 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥.

1 3 3
1 +1 3
6𝑥 2 6𝑥 2 12𝑥 2
Example 5. ∫ 6√𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 6 ∫ √𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 6 ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 2 1 +𝐶 = 3 +𝐶 = + 𝐶 = 4𝑥 2 + 𝐶
+1 3
2 2

1 1 1 𝑥 3+1 𝑥4
Example 6. ∫ 3 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 = 3 ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 = 3 ( 3+1 ) + 𝐶 = 12 + 𝐶

Theorem 2.4 If f and g are functions defined on the same interval,

∫[𝑓 (𝑥 ) ± 𝑔(𝑥)]𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓 (𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 ± ∫ 𝑔(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥.

12𝑥 3 4𝑥 2
Example 7. ∫(12𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 12 ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 4 ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = + + 𝐶 = 4𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝐶
3 2

3𝑡 3 6𝑡 2
Example 8. ∫ 𝑡 (3𝑡 − 6)𝑑𝑡 = ∫(3𝑡 2 − 6𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 3 ∫ 𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 − 6 ∫ 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = − = 𝑡 3 − 3𝑡 2 + 𝐶
3 2
ACTIVITIES

Solve the following:

1. Evaluate ∫ 𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥

2. Evaluate ∫ 4 𝑑𝑥

3. Evaluate ∫(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 )𝑑𝑥

4. Evaluate ∫ √𝑥 (𝑥 − 4)𝑑𝑥

WRAP–UP

Always remember the Basic Theorems on Antidifferentiation

Theorem 2.1 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶
Theorem 2.2 If n is any real number and 𝑛 ≠ −1, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛
𝑥 𝑛+1
∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑛+1
+ 𝐶.

Theorem 2.3 If 𝑎 is any constant and 𝑓 is a function, then

∫ 𝑎 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥.

Theorem 2.4 If f and g are functions defined on the same interval,

∫[𝑓 (𝑥 ) ± 𝑔(𝑥)]𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓 (𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 ± ∫ 𝑔(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥.

VALUING

According to Stan Gudder, an American mathematician,

“The essence of math is not to make simple things complicated, but to make
complicated things simple.”
That is why, we just apply the basic Theorems on Antidifferentiation.
POSTTEST

Evaluate the following:

1. ∫(𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥

3
2. ∫ (4 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑥

3. ∫(𝑥 −3 + 3)𝑑𝑥

3
4. ∫ √𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

5. ∫ 4√𝑦𝑑𝑦

KEY TO CORRECTION

3 5 4 3 6
− 4. +𝐶 + 3. 2. 4𝑥 + 𝐶 +𝐶 1.
8𝑥 2 2𝑥 2 𝑥4 𝑥3 𝑋5
3 5

ACTIVITIES

5. A 4. B 3. C 2. D 1. E

PRETEST
REFERENCES

BOOK

Cuaresma, Genaro A. et al. 2004. Analytic Geometry and Calculus 1: A

Worktext for Math 26. Los Baños, Laguna: Institute of Mathematical
Sciences and Physics, University of the Philippines.
Department of Education-Bureau of Learning Resources. 2016. Precalculus
Learner's Material.

Leithold, Louis. 1989. College Algebra and Trigonometry. Addison Wesley

Longman Inc., reprinted by Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd., 2002.