8

TECHNOLOGY AND
LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION
Carpentry
Second Quarter – Week 4
Learning Activity Sheets – (LAS)

Selecting Measuring Instruments

Writer/Illustrator:
Lerma S. Estobo – T-I
Union National High School
SDO – Siargao
`

WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

TLE 8 Quarter 3 - Week 4

Lesson 1: Selecting Measuring Instruments

Learning Competency:

 Identify linear measuring instrument appropriate for a given task.

TLE_IACP7/8MC0d-1

Learning Objectives:

 Identify linear measuring instrument appropriate for a given task

 Examine and measure given materials

Key Concepts
(Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module pages 40-59)

One of the most important tools ever invented are the measuring tools.
Imagine life without measurements and life without the ability to measure
things. It could create tremendous chaos and misalignments not only in
construction and carpentry, but also around and beyond the world. As the
proverb says “measure twice, cut once” shows how important measuring tools
among other tool classifications.

Measuring tools used in carpentry are identified in Lessons 1 and 2 of

this module. In this section, selection of appropriate measuring instruments
and proper handling of measuring tools will be discussed. Specifically,
measuring a lumber will be the focus of this section for it is the common
material that is being measured in woodworking.

Selection of Measuring Instruments

Selection of measuring instruments is significant to obtain accurate

measurements. Below are the factors to consider in selecting appropriate
measuring tool.

1. Size and type of parts to be measured. Objects come in different sizes,

types and shapes so as the measuring instrument. Just imagine
measuring large objects using small measuring tools, measuring linear
objects using measuring tools for round objects and vice versa. For
more efficient and accurate measurement this must be considered.

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

2. Environment. This must be considered for temperature, humidity

and pressure of an object to be measured. One must consider the
capacity and limitation of instrument to handle specific degree of
temperature, humidity and pressure to prevent potential hazards and
damages to operator, material that is being measured and to the
measuring instrument itself.

3. Skilled operator. User of the tool must be identified beforehand to

consider his or her knowledge and skill in using measuring tools. This
is done for the convenience and efficiency of the operator.

4. Cost of equipment. Choose measuring tool that is affordable but will

not sacrifice the quality and accuracy of measurements. Make use of
less expensive alternative equipment.

HANDLING OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS / TOOLS

A. DO’S

 Wipe measuring tools/instruments before returning them to the

storage room.

 Oil the movable parts of the measuring tools such as zigzag rules,
calipers, dividers and compasses to avoid stock-up.

 Make sure that grits like sand do not get inside the housing or
case of a pull-push rule to avoid wearing off of the graduations.

 Check the lock of a pull-push rule if it is working.

B. DON’T’S

 Do not wipe off edges of the steel tape of pull-push rule with bare
hands to avoid injury.

 Do not pull the steel tape of pull-push rule too much to avoid the
coil spring from damage.

 Do not use the caliper as tongs.

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

LINEAR MEASUREMENTS FOR THE 6 FACES OF LUMBER

Hence; the linear measurements obtained are:

End 1 to end 2 or A B = Length (L)

Edge 1 to Edge 2 or C D = Width (W)

Surface 1 to surface 2 or E F = Thickness / Height (T / H)

Faces of a Lumber

Lumber as defined is a sawn timber. It has six (6) faces.

Measurement that can be obtained from this

is:

Edge 1 to Edge 2 = Width (W)

Measurement that can be obtained from this

is:

End 1 to End 2 = Length (L)

Measurement that can be obtained from this

is:

Face 1 to Face 2 = Thickness (T)

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

TYPES OF MEASURING TOOLS

1. Pull-push rule – used for

measuring long pieces of
stock. It is used to measure
long distances available from
3.00m to 7.5 meters long.

2. Zig Zag Rule – a folded

measuring tool. It is available
from (4ft) 1.20m to (6ft)
1.80m commonly used by
carpenters for rough layout.
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/481955597618530747/

3. Extension rule is used for

measuring inside distances
such as room, windows,
cabinets, etc.

https://www.globaltestsupply.com/product
4. Ruler used for measuring
short pieces of stock.

5. Caliper is used for measuring

outside diameter of
cylindrical objects. It also
used for measuring diameter.

https://www.nhbs.com/vernier-caliper

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

6. Try Square – used for

checking flatness and
squareness.

https://www.amazon.com/POWERTEC-80015-Hardwood-Premium-
Stainless/dp/B07N2P41CB

7. Meter Stick – a measuring

device which is one (1) meter
in length.

https://www.google.com/search?q=meter+stick&hl=en&source=lnms&
tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjf8Pjpn7nvAhU1NKYKHXMKCPEQ_AUoA
XoECAEQAw&biw=1406&bih=703

8. Divider – used for dividing

distances.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/567735096752812724/

9. Compass – used for scribing

arcs and circles.

https://www.123rf.com/photo_11266648_compass-is-an-
illustration-of-a-carpenters-compass-.html

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

10. Protractor – used for

laying out angles

https://www.amazon.com/Protractor-Woodworking-
Stainless-Baseboard-Stationery/dp/B081B4XHSS

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Exercises/Activities

Activity 1: Choose Me!

What you need: Ball pen and paper

What to do:

1. Choose the best unit of measurement that suit on every picture.

2. Encircle the correct answer.

1.

A.Liter B. Grams C. Meter D. Pound

2.

A. Litre B. Inches C. Cup D. Spoon

3.

A. Tablespoon B. Grams C. Metre D. Inch

4.

A. Fluid Ounce B. liters C. Metre D. Cup

A.

A. Gallon B.
tablespoon C.
pound D.
Grams

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Activity 2. Guess What?

What you need: pen and paper

What to do:

1. Check the ingredients listed inside the box.

2. Identify if it is measured by Volume or by Mass. Then determine what unit of

measurement used to measure such ingredient.

3. Write your answer in the box.

4. Number 1 is already answered for you to be guided.

Ingredients Volume or Mass? Unit of Measurement

Water Volume Liter/Cup/Fluid Ounces

1. Water

2. Flour 7.Powdered Pepper

3. Baking soda 8. Cheese

4. Sugar 9. Vanilla

5. Butter 10. Salt

6. Milk

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Lesson 2: Carry out measurements and calculations

Learning Competency:

 Measure given materials TLE_IACP7/8MC0d-e-2

Learning Objectives:

 Discuss and convert measurements to its equivalent unit/system.

 Discuss how to calculate amount of materials for a specific task.

Key Concepts:

Different people may use the identical recipe for moulded desserts, all of their moulded
desserts could turn out differently because of different measuring and mixing techniques. The
following tables presents some important measuring equivalent, conversions and oven
temperatures.

Cooking Measurements Abbreviations

When you’re following a recipe, it’s pretty important to understand those cooking
abbreviations. Many recipes will use shorthand when writing out recipes, and if you don’t know
what they mean, you could end up making a few mistakes.
(https://www.thecookierookie.com/cooking-measurements-kitchen-conversion-chart/)

 Abbreviation - a shortened form of a word or phrase.

 Unit Conversion - is the process of expressing a given quantity in a different unit of

measure. You can also look at unit conversions as measuring an ingredient quantity
two different ways. For example, 3 pounds of flour weighed in ounces would be 48
ounces of flour.

Unit Of Measurement Abbreviation

Kilogram kg

Gram g

Pound lb

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Fluid Ounce fl oz

Litre or liter L, l

Millilitre mL or ml

Pint pt

Cup C or c

Ounce oz

Tablespoon T, TB, Tbl or Tbsp

Teaspoon t or tsp

Quart qt

Milligram Mg

TABLE OF WEIGHT AND MEASURE

LIQUID MEASUREMENT

Dry Ingredients by Weight

(To convert ounces to grams, multiply the number of ounces by 30.)

1 oz = 1/16 lb = 30 g

4 oz = 1/4 lb = 120 g

8 oz = 1/2 lb = 240 g

12 oz = 3/4 lb = 360 g

16 oz = 1 lb = 480 g

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Unit of Measure U. S Metric

Teaspoon/Tablespoon/Pint/Quarts Cups

¼ teaspoon 1 ml.

½ teaspoon 2 ml.

1 teaspoon 5 ml.

3 teaspoon = 1 tablespoon ½ fluid ounce 15 ml.

2 tablespoon 1/8 cup 1 fluid ounce 30 ml.

4 tablespoon ¼ cup 2 fluid ounces 60 ml.

5 1/3 tablespoons 1/3 cup 3 fluid ounces 80 ml.

8 tablespoons ½ cup 4 fluid ounces 120 ml.

10 2/3 tablespoons 2/3 cup 5 fluid ounces 160 ml.

12 tablespoons ¾ cup 6 fluid ounces 180 ml.

16 tablespoons 1 cup 8 fluid ounces 240 ml.

1 pint 2 cups 16 fluid ounces 480 ml.

1 quart 4 cups 32 fluid ounces 960 ml.

33 fluid ounces 1000 ml = 1 liter

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Equivalents for Different Types of Ingredients

Fine Powder Grain Granular Liquid Solids Liquid

Standard Cup
(ex. flour) (ex. rice) (ex. sugar) (ex. butter) (ex. milk)

1 140 g 150 g 190 g 200 g 240 ml

¾ 105 g 113 g 143 g 150 g 180 ml

2/3 93 g 100 g 125 g 133 g 160 ml

½ 70 g 75 g 95 g 100 g 120 ml

1/3 47 g 50 g 63 g 67 g 80 ml

¼ 35 g 38 g 48 g 50 g 60 ml

1/8 18 g 19 g 24 g 25 g 30 ml

Temperature Conversion:

Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion Formula

Multiply the °C temperature by 1.8. Add 32 to this number. This is the answer in °F.

Formula: °C (1.8) + 32 = °F

Example:

220° Celsius = _____Fahrenheit

= (220x1.8) + 32

= 396 + 32

= 428°

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Fahrenheit to Celsius Conversion Formula

Subtract the given Fahrenheit temperature by 32, then divide the result by 1.8

Formula: (°F – 32)/1.8 =°C

Example:

225° Fahrenheit = _____ °C

= (225 – 32)/1.8

=193/1.8

= 107°C

Gas Mark Fahrenheit Celsius Cooking Instruction

¼ 200°- 230 93°- 110 Very Slow/Very Low

½ 248-266 120-130 Very Slow/Very Low

1 275 135 Slow/Low

1 284 140 Slow/Low

2 300 149 Slow/Low

2 302 150 Slow/Low

3 320 160 Moderately Slow/Warm

3 338 170 Moderately Slow/Warm

4 350 177 Moderate/Medium

4 356 180 Moderate/Medium

5 374 190 Moderate/moderately hot

6 392-400 200-204 Moderately Hot

7 425-428 218-220 Hot

8 446-450 220-232 Very hot

9 464-482 240-250 Very hot

10 500 260 Extremely Hot

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Activity No. 1: Solve Me If You Can!

What you need: Ballpen, paper and calculator

What to do: Give the equivalence of the following measurements. Use the abbreviation of
each measurement in writing your answer.

Example: 2 ounces = _______ grams?

Answer: 2 oz = 60g

1. 10 ounces = ________ grams

2. 6 cups = ________ pint

3. 16 tablespoons = ________ millilitre

4. 1 ½ cups = ________tablespoons

5. 66 fluid ounces = ________ liters

6. 3 standard cups = _______ grams of flour

7. __________cups = 300 grams of butter

8. 32 ounce = ________pounds

9. __________millilitres = 3 liters

10. 60 millilitre liquid milk = ________ standard cup

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Activity 2. Correct Me if I am Wrong!

What you need: pen and paper

What you do:

1. Read and understand each statement.

2. Check the equivalent and abbreviation of every measurement given on each

statement.

3. Encircle the equivalent and abbreviation if it is correct, and underline if not,

then give the right answer.

4. Example is given for you to be guided.

Example: Maria uses 4 tablespoon of pepper which is equivalent to ½ cu.

Answer: Maria uses 4 tablespoon of pepper which is equivalent to ¼ c

1. 540 onz is equivalent to 4 pounds.

2. 720 grams is equivalent to 1 ½

3. I bought 500 mm soda that is equivalent to 1L.

4. I need 480 ml of milk which is equivalent to 2 standard c.

5. 100 grm of rice is equivalent to 2/3 c

Activity 3. NAME ME!

What you need? Pen and Paper

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

What to do? Give the name of the following abbreviations.

Guide question: What do the following abbreviations mean?

1. tbsp. 6. Qt

2. oz 7. Gal

3. T 8. Lb

4. tsp 9.kg

5. pt 10. G

10

DAY 3 & 4
Learning Objective:

 Identify the types of measuring tools.

 Describe the functions of measuring tools.
Key Concepts

 KITCHEN MEASURING TOOL - are essential to get the ideal blend of

ingredients for any recipe. Part of the reason why some may fail in their cooking
attempts is because they put in an inaccurate amount of ingredients. For some
dishes, the concept of a pinch of this and a dash of that may work. But this tactic
doesn’t hold true for all types of cooking.

1. Measuring Cups

The sole purpose of dry measuring cups is to weigh dry ingredients like flour, spices, salt, or
sugar. These cups mostly come in either plastic or stainless steel. Dry measuring cups also
come in varying sizes such as ¼ cups, 1/3 cups, ½ cups, or 1 cup. Ideally, it is better to invest
in different sizes as you never know when and which one you may need.

The best way to measure dry ingredients is to scoop the cup with
the ingredient. Then remove the excess with the help of a flat utensil.
This method is best known as “dip and sweep.”

Image source: https://www.homestratosphere.com/types-of-kitchen-

measuring-tools-and-gadgets/

2. Liquid Measuring Cups

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

Liquids can’t be measured in the same dry measuring cups as there is a difference in the
measurement between liquid ingredients and solid ingredients.

Liquid measuring cups come in clear glass or plastic. This makes it easy to check the
quantity of the liquid poured into the cup. Owing to their transparent outlook, it helps you see
the quantity of the ingredient without any trouble whatsoever.

In order to measure an ingredient accurately, experts suggest placing the measuring tool on a
flat surface or counter. Bend down so that the cup’s marking is at eye-level, then slowly pour
in the liquid until it is filled till your desired marking.

11

3. Measuring Spoons
Measuring spoons are a significant component of
the modern kitchen cookware. It helps measure smaller
quantities of dry and wet ingredients alike. Most baked
recipes (muffins, cakes, bread, etc) require accurate
measurement of ingredients and that’s when the
application of measuring spoon kicks in.

These spoons come in different size ranges from

¼ teaspoon to ½ teaspoon to ½ tablespoon to 1
tablespoon.

4. Digital Scales

Digital scales are designed to measure the weight

of an ingredient. To use a digital scale, you need to put
the ingredient on the electronic surface. The weight can
be read on the electronic or analog display then. Weight
measurements are more accurate than volume
measurements. Therefore, these scales are the best
measuring tools.

5. Hanging Scales

Hanging measuring scales are an old weight measuring

tool that comes with a hook on their bottom. Also known as crane scales, hanging scales
are used to weigh heavy food items like fish or meat. The attached hook allows you to
hang the item which faces downward. The total weight is measured through the
electronic machine that is attached to the other end

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

6. Instant-Read Thermomet

People often confuse the instant-read thermometer with a meat thermometer but
it is important to note that they both are different in a number of ways. An instant-read
thermometer reads out the temperature of an ingredient quickly. On the other hand, a
meat thermometer is inserted into the meat before roasting and remains inserted until it
is roasted.

12

An instant-read thermometer is ideal when you have to

check the temperature of solids like roasted chicken, or
meat, or liquids like soups, stocks, etc. When reading the temperature of chicken/beef, make
sure to insert the stem deep inside the thigh, whilst making sure it doesn’t hit any bone. Before
you use the thermometer, sterilize it to avoid contamination.

7. Oven Thermometer

An oven thermometer is a kitchen utensil which is used

to check the temperature of the oven. Sometimes, the oven
can become too hot or too cold and it is hard to tell that
without an oven thermometer.

8. Modern Kitchen-Timer

A kitchen timer acts as an alarm so that your food doesn’t burn up or gets
overcooked. This kitchen device can be set for any time from minutes to hours and
will start to buzz at the set time. For example, if you have placed chicken to roast
in the oven and set the timer for an hour, the timer will start to buzz in exactly 60
minutes reminding you to take the chicken out of the oven. These timers are best
for those who tend to forget about the food in the oven or microwave and end up
with burned food.
(Image source: https://www.homestratosphere.com/types-
of-kitchen-measuring-tools-and-gadgets/ )

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

13

Activity 1. Watch the difference!

What you need: pen and paper

What to do: Choose a pair of conceopts from the box that best described each item to
identify their difference.

Oven Thermometer Measuring cups Hanging Scale Measuring Spoon

Instant Read Thermometer Liquid Measuring Cup Digital Scale Timer

1. Used to check the temperature of

the oven
2. Reads out the temperature of an
ingredient quickly

3. Used to weigh heavy food items like

fish or meat
Designed to measure the weight of
4. an ingredient

cups for measuring liquids

5.
weigh dry ingredients
6.

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

14
Activity 2 “Tools to Measure “
Directions. Using a concept map, write the tools that you need to measure ingredients for a
successful cooking. Write your answers inside the circle, you may add more circles if
necessary.

Measuring
Tools

REFLECTION:

1. What new skills or knowledge that you gained in this lesson?

2. What did you like most about this lesson? Why?

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
email address: [email protected]
Division: Siargao
School/Station: Union National High School
Author: Lerma S. Estobo
DAY 1
Activity 2
Ingredients Volume or Unit of Measurement
Mass?
Water Volume Liter/Cup/Fluid Ounces
DAY 1
Flour Mass Kg/g/cup/pound/ounces
Activity 1
Baking Soda Mass Pound/cup/tbsp/tsp/g
1. A
Sugar Mass Kg/g/ounces/cup/tbsp/pound
2. D
Butter Mass Cup/ounces/gram/kg
3. B
Milk Volume Liter/fluid ounces/cup/ 4. D
Powdered Mass Kg/g/cup/tbsp/tsp 5. A
pepper
Cheese Mass Gram/ounces/cup Answers’ Key
Vanilla Volume/mass Tbsp/tsp/cup
Salt Mass Kg/g/tbsp/tsp/cup
15
`
email address: [email protected]
Division: Siargao
School/Station: Union National High School
Author: Lerma S. Estobo
1. 540 onz
DAY 2
Day 2
Activity 2 grms
Activity 1
1. is equivalent to 4 lbs 1. 300g 8. 2lb
Ans: 64oz is equivalent to 4lbs. 2. 3pt 9. 3000ml
2. 720 g is equivalent to 1 ½ lb
500mm 3. 240ml 10. ¼ standard c
3. I bought soda th of soda that is 4. 24tbsp 11. 12tsp
equivalent to 1 L.
5. 2L 12. 3q
4. I need 480 ml of milk which is equivalent
to 2 standard c. 6. 420g of flour 13. 1/4c
7. 1 ½ c 14. 16oz
5. 100 of rice is equivalent to
2/3 c. 15. 320z
16
`
`

6. Measuring Cups 8. Measuring spoons

5. Liquid Measuring Cups 7. Timer

4. Digital Scale 6. Read instant thermometer

3. Hanging Scale 5. Oven thermometer

2. Read- instant thermometer 4. Digital scale

1. Oven Thermometer 3. Hanging scale

Activity 1 2. Liquid measuring cups

DAY 3&4 1. Measuring cups

Activity 2

DAY 3&4

17
References for learners:
https://www.myrecipes.com/how-to/metric-conversion-charts

https://catalogimages.wiley.com/images/db/pdf/9780470508961.excerpt.pdf

https://deceptivelyeducational.blogspot.com/2012/03/teaspoons-tablespoons-
cups-gallons.html
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Oven_Temperatures
https://www.homestratosphere.com/types-of-kitchen-measuring-tools-and-
gadgets/
https://www.thoughtco.com/celcius-to-farenheit-formula-609227
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/flour

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]
`

18

Author: Lerma S. Estobo

School/Station: Union National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: [email protected]