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Additional Information
ELECTRIC TWO WHEELER ( CODE NO.3732)

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Electric two-wheelers, as indicates itself, is electricity-powered two-wheelers. A battery

pack and a motor are installed to store and transform the electricity. A user control is
usually attached to the handle bar to brake and adjust the speed.

“Battery operated Vehicle (Two Wheeler)” means a vehicle adapted for use upon roads
and powered exclusively by an electric motor whose traction energy is supplied
exclusively by traction battery installed in the vehicle.

"Provided that a two wheeled battery operated vehicle shall not be deemed to be a
motor vehicle if all the following conditions are verified and authorized by any testing
agency specified in rule 126 namely:-

a) Vehicle is equipped with an electric motor having thirty minute power less than 0.25
kW;

b) Maximum speed of the vehicle is less than 25 krn/hr;

c) Vehicle is fitted with suitable brakes and retro-reflective devices, i.e. one white
reflector in the front and one red reflector at the rear;

d) Unladen weight (excluding battery weight) of the vehicle is not more than 60 kg;
e) In case of pedal assisted vehicle equipped with an auxiliary electric motor, in
addition to above, the thirty minute power of the motor is less than 0.25 kW, whose
output is progressively reduced and finally cut off as the vehicle reaches a speed of 25
km/hr, or sooner, if the cyclist stops pedaling".

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity 200 Nos/Day

Land & Building Rented

Plant & Machinery Rs. 2.30 Cr

Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 38.99 Cr

Total Capital Investment Rs. 12.41 Cr

Rate of Return 23%

Break Even Point 35%

INTRODUCTION

ADVANTAGES-

DISADVANTAGES-
TYPES OF ELECTRIC TWO WHEELER

1. E-BIKES

THERE ARE MANY TYPES OF ELECTRIC BICYCLES, SOME ARE MENTIONED

BELOW

CLASS 1: PEDAL ASSIST / PEDELEC

CLASS 2: THROTTLE

CLASS 3: SPEED PEDELEC

ELECTRIC BICYCLES CLASSIFICATION

PEDAL-ASSIST

POWER-ON-DEMAND

THEREFORE, VERY BROADLY, E-BIKES CAN BE CLASSED AS:

ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC BICYCLES

KEY PARTS OF AN ELECTRIC BIKE

(1) ELECTRIC MOTOR

TYPES OF MOTOR AND DIFFERENT MOUNTING POSITIONS

1. INDUCTION MOTOR:

2. DC MOTOR

PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR:

PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHED DC MOTOR:

MOUNTING OF MOTORS
1. MID-DRIVE MOTOR:

FIG 1.1: MID DRIVE MOTOR

2. HUB MOTOR:

I. FRONT HUB MOTOR:

FIG 1.2: FRONT WHEEL HUB MOTOR

II. REAR HUB MOTOR:

FIG 1.3: REAR WHEEL HUB MOTOR

(2) CONTROLLER OF BLDC MOTOR AND SENSORS

CONTROLLER

FIG 2.3: CONTROLLER

SPEED THROTTLE

FIG 2.4: SPEED THROTTLE

(3) ELECTRIC BRAKE

FIG 3.1: ELECTRIC BRAKE

(4) BATTERY LEVEL INDICATOR

FIG 4.1: BATTERY LEVEL INDICATOR

BATTERY CAPACITY INDICATOR

(5) FRAME

FIG 5:1: FRAME DESIGN PARAMETERS

(6) BATTERY
BATTERY CELLS FOR E-BICYCLE BATTERY

1. CYLINDRICAL CELL

FIG 6.1: CYLINDRICAL CELL INTERNAL STRUCTURE

2. PRISMATIC CELL

FIG 6.2: PRISMATIC CELL INTERNAL STRUCTURE

5.3 MAKING OF BATTERY PACK

FIG 6.3: LI-ION SINGLE BATTERY

FIG 6.4: SOLDERED BATTERY PACK

FIG 6.5: 36 V, 13.2 AH BATTERY PACK

FIG 6.6: BATTERY DESIGN IN FUSION360 OF 36V AND 13.2AH

SAFETY CIRCUITS OF BATTERY

SAFETY CIRCUITS ARE NEED BECAUSE OF FOLLOWING REASONS.

FIG 6.7: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF WORKING OF SAFETY CIRCUIT

SPECIFICATIONS OF BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM):

FIG 6.8: BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM)

2. E-SCOOTER

ADVANTAGES OF AN ELECTRIC SCOOTER

DISADVANTAGES

PARTS OF ELECTRIC TWO WHEELER

BATTERIES
WE CAN CLASSIFY SCOOTERS ON:

BATTERY TYPES

RANGE AND CHARGE TIME

BRAKES

FRAMES AND FORKS

BELT AND CHAIN DRIVE’S

TYRES

WHEEL TYPES AND SIZES

SUSPENSION

SPEED AND WEIGHT

USES AND APPLICATION

B.I.S. SPECIFICATION

PROCESS FLOW CHART

PRODUCTION PROCESS

ASSEMBLING PROCESS

(1) FRONT WHEEL INSTALLATION:

(2) HANDLEBARS INSTALLATION:

(3) MIRRORS INSTALLATION:

(4) PEDALS INSTALLATION:

(5) REAR STORAGE TRUNK INSTALLATION:

(6) THROTTLE & ACCESSORY CONTROL GRIP INSTALLATION:

(7) SEAT INSTALLATION:

(8) INSTALLATION OF REAR BRAKE:

(9) TIRE INSTALLATION:

WHEEL ADJUSTMENTS/MAINTANENCE:

(10) DRIVE CHAIN INSTALLATION:

CHECKING CHAIN TENSION:

TIGHTEN DRIVE CHAIN:

LOOSEN DRIVE CHAIN:

(11) BATTERY INSTALLATION

(12) INSTALLATION OF ADOPTER

(13) TESTING OF ELECTRIC TWO WHEELER

(PRODUCT TESTING) E-BIKE TEST PROCEDURE.

MARKET OVERVIEW FOR ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOTORCYCLES

DRIVERS

CHALLENGES

INDIA ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOTORCYCLES MARKET - COMPETITIVE

LANDSCAPE

INDIA ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOTORCYCLES MARKET

TWO WHEELERS TO LEAD ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET IN INDIA

ASIA-PACIFIC ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOTORCYCLES MARKET

OVERVIEW

DRIVERS

CHALLENGES

ASIA-PACIFIC ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOTORCYCLES MARKET -

COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

ASIA-PACIFIC ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOTORCYCLES MARKET

SEGMENTATION

BY VEHICLE TYPE

BY BATTERY TYPE

BY TECHNOLOGY

BY VOLTAGE

BY GEOGRAPHY

2 & 3 WHEELER ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET IN INDIA & FUTURE

OUTLOOK 2022

WHY ENINCON‘S REPORT UPON ― 2 & 3 WHEELER ELECTRIC VEHICLE

MARKET IN INDIA & FUTURE OUTLOOK 2022

BY 2022, SALES OF ELECTRIC 2W & 3W ARE EXPECTED TO REACH 1.6 MILLION

IN INDIA

2 WHEELER & 3 WHEELER SEGMENT TO DRIVE THE EV SEGMENT

IN FUTURE AS 95% OF THE TOTAL SALES COME FROM THESE SEGMENTS

BUSINESS CASE FOR 2 & 3 WHEELER ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET

IN INDIA

REPORT INSIGHTS

KEY HIGHLIGHTS

PRESS EXCERPTS

MUST BUY FOR

HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN INDIA CURRENT SCENARIO

AND MARKET INCENTIVES

STUDY OBJECTIVES

MARKET INCENTIVES IN PLACE

APPROACH & KEY ASSUMPTIONS

UTILIZATION OF DEMAND INCENTIVES UNDER FAME SCHEME

FOR FY 2015-16

TWO-WHEELERS

INCENTIVE ANALYSIS

CENTRAL EXCISE DUTY

CENTRAL INFRASTRUCTURE CESS

ADDITIONAL STATE SUBSIDIES

TCO – TWO-WHEELERS

LOW-SPEED ELECTRIC SCOOTERS

HIGH-SPEED ELECTRIC SCOOTERS

TWO-WHEELERS

OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS FOR THE ELECTRIC TWO-WHEELERS IN CHINA

FIGURE 1 - THE E2W PRODUCTION NUMBER IN CHINA

METHODOLOGY

SWOT-FFA ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK

TIS ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK

FIGURE 2 - THE ANALYSIS SCHEME FOR TIS (BERGEK ET AL., 2008)

THE DRIVING FORCES FOR THE CHANGE TOWARDS E2WS: SWOT-FFA

FIGURE 3 - RESULT OF SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE E2W DEVELOPMENT

RELATIVELY LOW COST AND COMPARABLE PERFORMANCE

EASY ADOPTION AND UTILIZATION

POLICY AND STANDARDS (MOTORCYCLE BAN, AIR POLLUTION AND EMISSION

CONCERNS)

EXTERNAL FACTORS

THE RESISTING FORCES (SYSTEM WEAKNESS) OF THE E2W DEVELOPMENT:

TIS ANALYSIS

ACTORS, NETWORK, INSTITUTIONS

SYSTEM WEAKNESS: REMARKS OF THE EVALUATION OF THE SEVEN

FUNCTIONS

FIGURE 4 - THE INDUCEMENT AND BLOCKING MECHANISMS OF E2WS

CONCLUDED FROM THE TIS

FUTURE TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS

OVERVIEW OF THE E-BIKES & ELECTRIC TWO-WHEELERS

ENERGY USE AND EMISSIONS OF ELECTRIC BIKE LIFE CYCLE

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVE MODES

INFLUENCE OF ELECTRIC BIKES ON MOTORIZATION TRENDS

ELECTRIC TWO-WHEELER BATTERY TECHNOLOGY STATUS

ENERGY USE AND EMISSIONS OF ELECTRIC BIKE LIFE CYCLE

PRODUCTION PROCESSES

TABLE 1.1: MATERIAL INVENTORY, EMISSIONS, AND ENERGY USE OF

ELECTRIC BIKE

END-OF-LIFE

LEAD ACID BATTERIES

FIGURE 1.1: LEAD LOSS FLOWS FROM LEAD ACID BATTERY PRODUCTION

TABLE 1.2: LEAD LOSSES TO THE ENVIRONMENT

USE PHASE

FIGURE 1.2: EMISSION RATES FROM PRC POWER PLANTS

TABLE 1.3: REGIONAL EMISSION RATES OF TYPICAL SCOOTER STYLE

ELECTRIC BIKES (UNITS AT G/100 KM EXCEPT CO2)

TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF ELECTRIC BIKE LIFE CYCLE

FIGURE 1.3: POLLUTION OF BICYCLE STYLE E-BIKE OVER LIFE CYCLE

FIGURE 1.4: POLLUTION OF SCOOTER STYLE E-BIKE OVER LIFE CYCLE

MOTORCYCLE AND ELECTRIC BIKE OWNERSHIP GROWTH SCENARIOS

THROUGH TO 2025
METHODOLOGY

FIGURE 3.5: REGIONAL RURAL MOTORCYCLE AND ELECTRIC BIKE OWNERSHIP

VERSUS INCOME, 2005

FIGURE 3.6: 2005 MOTORCYCLE AND ELECTRIC TWO-WHEELERS

BY REGION

FIGURE 3.7: PROJECTIONS OF POPULATION SHARE IN DIFFERENT

INCOME BRACKETS VERSUS TIME

TABLE 3.2: POLICY FACTORS OVER TIME IN THREE SCENARIOS

FIGURE 3.8: PROJECTED POPULATION GROWTH BY REGION FOR

URBAN AND RURAL PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

FIGURE 3.9: ELECTRIC TWO-WHEELER AND MOTORCYCLE STOCK

OVER TIME IN THREE SCENARIOS

FACTORS INFLUENCING FUTURE GROWTH IN ELECTRIC

TWO-WHEELER MARKET

METHODOLOGY

FIGURE 3.10: ELECTRIC TWO-WHEELER AND MOTORCYCLE

GROWTH IN “BUSINESS AS USUAL”

DRIVING FORCES

FORCE 1: TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENTS

FIGURE 3.11: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE COMPARISON,

CLOSED-INTEGRAL VERSUS OPEN-MODULAR

FIGURE 3.12: ELECTRIC TWO-WHEELER DESIGN FLEXIBILITY

FORCE 2: LOCAL MOTORCYCLE BANS

FORCE 3: LOCAL POLICY SUPPORT FOR ELECTRIC BIKES

TABLE 3.4: MOTORCYCLE AND ELECTRIC-BIKE BANS IN LARGE CITIES

FIGURE: FORCES DRIVING ELECTRIC BIKE MARKET GROWTH

FIGURE: FORCES RESISTING ELECTRIC BIKE MARKET GROWTH

TABLE: RANKINGS OF FORCES DRIVING AND RESISTING ELECTRIC

BIKE GROWTH

PERFORMANCE TEST OF ELECTRIC BIKES

TABLE 4.6: ELECTRIC BIKE AND BATTERY SPECIFICATIONS

PLANT LAYOUT

MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRIC TWO WHEELERS

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

SUPPLIERS OF BLDC MOTOR

SUPPLIERS OF MOTOR CONTROLLER

SUPPLIERS OF LITHIUM- ION BATTERY

SUPPLIERS OF TYRE

SUPPLIERS OF WHEEL

SUPPLIERS OF SPARES
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF AIR COMPRESSORS

SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF JIGS AND FIXTURE

APPENDIX –

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS