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Chapter 7 - Social and Political Stratification - Final PDF

This document discusses social and political stratification. It defines social stratification as the layering of social categories into higher and lower positions of prestige. People are differentiated and classified into social strata based on characteristics like occupation, education, wealth. Social stratification results in upper, middle, and lower classes. Status, prestige, and esteem further influence social hierarchy. Marx argued that social class is determined by economic forces like the division between capitalists and workers. Political stratification concerns unequal distribution of political power and access. Issues in stratification include social inequality, racism, gender inequality, global wealth disparities, and disability rights.

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Joiemmy Sumedca Bawengan Gayudan
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295 views

Chapter 7 - Social and Political Stratification - Final PDF

This document discusses social and political stratification. It defines social stratification as the layering of social categories into higher and lower positions of prestige. People are differentiated and classified into social strata based on characteristics like occupation, education, wealth. Social stratification results in upper, middle, and lower classes. Status, prestige, and esteem further influence social hierarchy. Marx argued that social class is determined by economic forces like the division between capitalists and workers. Political stratification concerns unequal distribution of political power and access. Issues in stratification include social inequality, racism, gender inequality, global wealth disparities, and disability rights.

Uploaded by

Joiemmy Sumedca Bawengan Gayudan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOCIAL AND

POLITICAL
STRATIFICATION
C H A P T E R 7 – U N D E R S TA N D I N G C U LT U R E ,
SOCIETY AND POLITICS
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
• The layering of social categories
into higher and lower position of
prestige or respect.
– DIFFERENTIATION: is the method
of relating people in terms of certain
social characteristics and then
classifying them into social categories
based on characteristics.
• Example: sex, age, occupation,
education, religion, race, intelligence,
wealth, etc.
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
• Categorization of people into socioeconomic strata, based on
occupation, income, wealth and social status, or derived power.
• Relative social position of persons within a social group, category,
geographic region, or social unit.

UPPER CLASS MIDDLE CLASS LOWER CLASS

Professionals/
Elite Families Workers
Businessmen

Value Heritage/ Mingle Short of Revenue/


Comfortable Lifestyles
with their own Kind Depends on Wages
• Status – individual’s position in
the social structure. It can
be classified as
ascribed or achieved
status.

Prestige – refers to the evaluation of


Esteem your status.
Esteem – refers to the assessment of
Prestige our role behavior.
Remember: A person with may have a
high esteem without having a high prestige
and vice versa.
CAUSES OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
• Karl Marx (1818-1883) –
“Organization of a society is
determined by economic forces.”
– Industrial Revolution: divided the
society in two social classes.
– Social Class: people who are Capitalist Workers
grouped collectively due to their
similarities in professional status,
amount of prestige, or lifestyle
POLITICAL STRATIFICATION
• Extent to which inequalities are encapsulated in, or influenced by
political structures and processes regarding influences, power and
authority.
• Can be related to laws, norms, values, class structures, associations,
and status , which structure or form the relations among individuals
and groups of actors.
• Can be categorized by power volume.
– Number of people on which high – handed judgement extends.
• It concerns the unequal distribution of political rewards and
inequalities in access to political offices.
SOCIAL MOBILITY SYSTEM/
STRUCTURE
• Social Mobility – the act of moving
from one social status to another.
– Makes the inequality of social class
reasonable and even justifiable.
– Open Class System: Individuals can
change their social class in the society.
– Closed-Class System/Caste: Society
where only a few rise or fall from their
parental status.
VERTICAL HORIZONTAL
TYPES OF SOCIAL
MOBILITY MOBILITY MOBILITY
• People may move
and change their
social class position
thru:
– Moving into another class.
– Moving from one position
to another position
within their social class.
ISSUES IN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL
STRATIFICATION
• SOCIAL INEQUALITY
– Racism
– Gender Equality
• Emergence of the Feminist Movement
• GLOBAL INEQUALITY
– Unequal Distribution of Wealth
– Income Inequality
• DISABILITY
– Impairment of the physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional,
developmental, or of the combination of each.
GENDER EQUALITY
GLOBAL INEQUALITY
DISABILITY

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