The wave equationwas integratednumericallyby the finite-element theory,theseHankelfunctions

wereusedtocalculate
theacoustic
pressure
method,usinga numberof differentcombinations
of the acousticimped- field.Modelsof wedgeswere developedfor variousboundaryconditions.
anceandthescaling
parame.
ters.For comparison,
theacoustic
fieldof the Pulsepropagationand steady-stateanalysiswere treated.Curvesare pre-
samepropellerin free spacewasalsocomputed. sentedthat depic•tthe arrival of a train of pulsesfrom a singlepulsesource.
The calculations showthat at flowspeeds
muchlessthanthat of sound, Basedupon signalarrival structure,it is shownthat informationmay be
the wall must be lined with acoustical absorbers to make the free-field and obtainedconcerni.
ng the sourceposition.The pressurefieldwascomputed
ducted-propellermodelsagreein acoustic-pressure
levelsand direction- andmappedfor singleandmultiplesources.
It is shownthat the natural
ality. The bestagreement
Wouldoccurwherethe ratioof wall radiusto transversemodesare alignedalongarcsof constantradiuscenteredon the
propellerradiusis large and the measurements
are madeaway from the apexof the wedge.It is concludedthat modeconversionis not necessarily
walls. causedby bottomslopealone.Finite elementanalysisof thewedgewasalso
At a flow speedhalf that of sound,the acoustic-pressure
magnitude undertaken
andfeasibility
of theapproach
wasdemonstrated.
anddirectivityalongthe ductwall nearthe propellerare similarfor a hard
wall and for a varietyof softwalls.However,the hard-wallresultsmay be
fortuitous, and additional studiesare needed. ThesisAdvisor:William Thompson,Jr.
Upstreamor downstreamfrom the propdie,r, soft wall linershaving
suitable
admittances
cansuppress
theusualductacoustic
m•c]es.
In this
case,the duct and free-fieldacousticcharacteristics
can agreeover greater
sideline
distances.
At highflowspeeds,
differentupstream
anddownstream Measurement and analysis of the noise radiated by low Mach num-
wall admittancesare necessaryfor the equalsuppression
of duct modeson ber centrifugal blowers [43.50.Gf, 43.50.Nm, 43.28.Ra]--David M.
both sidesof the propeller. Yeager,GraduateProgramin •4coustics,ThePennsylvania State University,
Further informationmay be foundin NASA TM-87333 [N86-29630/ UniversityPark,P•416802,•4ugust1987(Ph.D.}. An investigationwasper-
NSP ], "Modelingthe Effectsof Wind Tunnel Absorptionon th• Acoustic formedof thebroadband,aerodynamically generatednoisein low tip-speed
RadiationChfiracteristics
of Propellers."
Copiesmaybe purrchased
(pre- Machnumber,centrifugal air-movingdevices.An interdisciplinaryexperi-
payment required) from the National Technica.1Information Service, mentalapproachwastakenthat involvedinvestigationof the aerodynamic
Springfield,
Virginia
2216
[. Tel.:(703)487-4650.
RushOrders
maybe andacoustic
fields,andtheirmutualrelationship.
Theradiation
character-
placed
foranextrafeebycal!ing
(800)336-4700. isticsof a modelblowerwereinvestigated by measuringtheacousticintensi-
ty distributionneartheblowerinlet andcomparingit with theintensitynear
the inlet to an axial flow fan. Aerodynamicstudiesof the flow field in the
inlet and at the dischargeto the rotatingimpeller were usedto assess the
meanflow distributionthroughthe impellerbladechannelsand to identify
regionsof excessive turbulencenearthe rotatingbladerow. An investiga-
Advanced-degree dissertations in acoustics tionof thenoiseradiatedfrom a single,isolatedairfoilwasperformedusing
Edito?snote:Abstractsof Doctoral and Master'sdegreethesesin moderncorrelationand spectralanalysistechniques.Radiationfrom the
acousticswill bewelcomedat all times.Pleasenote,however,that theymust singleblade in flow was characterizedusingnewly developedexpressions
be double-spaced,formattedasshownbelow (don't makeusretypethem, for the correlationarea and the dipolesourcestrengthper unit area, and
please!)with PACS numbers,and not over200 wordsin length. from the relationshipbetweenthe bladesurfacepressureand the incident
turbulent flow field, Resultsshowedthat radiation from the singleblade
wasdominatedby the effectsof the incidentturbulence.Normalizedcorre-
lationsareasof approximately25% weremeasuredat low frequencies.
An experimental investigation of wall pressure fluctuations be-
neath non-equilibrium turbulent flows [43.30.Nb]--Theodore M. Thesis Advisor: Gerald C. Lauchle.
Farabee,The CatholicUniversityof •4merica,Washington,
DC, May 1986
(Ph.D.}.Wall pressure
fluctuations
beneathan •attached
nonequilibrium
turbulentboundarylayerwerestudiedexperimentally.The objectiveof the
researchwasto betterunderstandtheprocessby whichturbulentboundary An experimental determination of the intelligibility of two differ-
layer flowsproducewall pressurefluctuations.The nonequilibriumflow, ent speech synthesizers In noise [43.70.Ja]--Rory DePaolis,Gradu-
generatedby passinga.turbulentboundarylayer over a backward-facing ate Program in •4coustics, The PennsylvaniaState University,University
step,is characterizedby the presence of a disturbancelayerthat is initially Park;P•416802,December 1987 (M.S.J.Syntheticspeech hasbecomecom-
locatednearthe wall. This disturbancelayermovesawayfrom the wall and monplacewithin society.The ability to choosethe mosteffectivecommuni-
decaysin magnitudeasit convects downstream.Detailedvelocityandwall cationsystemis an increasinglyimportantconsideration asthe roleof syn-
pressuremeasurementswere obtainedat severaldownstreamlocationsto thetic speechin societygrows.This study examinedtwo predominant
identifythe turbulentstructuresin the flowthat areprimarysourcesof wall inexpensive methodsof synthesizing speech,formant synthesis(FS) and
pressurefluctuations.The resultsshowthat the sourceof low-frequency linear predictioncoding(LPC). A pilot studyindicatedthat upon first
wall pressurefluctuationsis the propagatingdisturbancelayer.The source presentation of noncontextual materialthat FS wassignificantly moreun-
of high-frequencywall pressurefluctuationswas found to be in the near- derstandable thanLPC (a -- 0.01). An experimentusingtwogroupsof six
wall regionof theturbulentboundarylayer,independent of thedisturbance subjectstrainedin eitherFS or LPC wasconducted.Three setsof 66 contex-
layer. A simplifiedanalyticalmodelfor the wall pressurefrequencyspec- tual sentences from the revisedSPIN testwerepresentedat 80 dBC $PL at
trum confirmedthat the primary sourcefor the low-frequencywall pres- threenoiselevelsof signalto babble(0, + 5, and + 10) to eachsubject.
sureswas the disturbancelayer. Extensivemeasurements were also ob- The resultsfall intotwocategories, thetrainingdataandthesubsequent test
tainedfor an equilibriumflowandcomparedto thenonequilibrium results. data.Whereasthetrainingdat•aindicatetheeventualequalityof meanper-
centcorrectword scoresfor the two synthesizers withoutnoise,the testdata
Thesis Advisor: Dr. M. Casarella. indicate the superior performance of LPC with interfering noise
Availablility:For copiescontactauthorat David W. Taylor Naval Ship (a -- 0.016). The effectof the interferingnoiseis studiedasa causeandthe
ResearchandDevelopmentCenter,Code1942,Bethesda,MD 20084-5000. significance
of thisstudyto current
research
in synthetic
speech
is dis-
cussed.

Thesis Advisor: Claus B. Janota.

Acoustics of an ocean wedge [43.30.Bp]--Arthur W. Horbach,Grad-
uate Program in •4coustics,
The PennsylvaniaState University,University
Park, P•4 16802,December1987 (Ph.D.J.This thesisdiscusses
the natureof
acousticpropagationin a wedge-shapedenvironment,suchasmaybefound The covariance of scalar fields scattered by pressure-release ran-
nearthe shoreof theocean.Usinga transformapproach,an expression was domly rough surfaces [43.30.Gv,43.20.Fn]--JuanM. Restrepo,Grad-
derivedfor theGreen'sfunctionfor a two-dimensional
wedgefor thecaseof uate Program in •4coustics,The PennsylvaniaState University,University
idealmixedboundaryconditions.For a certainsetof wedgeangles,a closed Park,P•416802,December 1987(M.S.J.Expressions for thespatialcovari-
form, in termsof zero-orderHankelfunctions,wasderived.By usingimage anceof the scatteredscalarfield are presented.The scattereris a randomly

1698 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83(4), April 1988; 0001-4966/88/041698-02500.80; ¸ 1988 Acoust. Soc. Am.; Notes and Briefs 1698

Redistribution subject to ASA license or copyright; see http://acousticalsociety.org/content/terms. Download to IP: 132.174.255.116 On: Thu, 27 Nov 2014 05:55:34