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Symmetrical-Fault-Analysis-in-Power-System

The document discusses symmetrical fault analysis in power systems, defining power systems and the nature of faults, particularly symmetrical faults which involve equal short-circuiting of all three phases. It emphasizes the importance of fault analysis for protection design, equipment safety, and grid reliability, while outlining the assumptions and steps involved in conducting symmetrical fault analysis. The document concludes by highlighting the need for further exploration of unsymmetrical fault analysis and protective relaying techniques.

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shaibzadamuntazir192003
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9 views

Symmetrical-Fault-Analysis-in-Power-System

The document discusses symmetrical fault analysis in power systems, defining power systems and the nature of faults, particularly symmetrical faults which involve equal short-circuiting of all three phases. It emphasizes the importance of fault analysis for protection design, equipment safety, and grid reliability, while outlining the assumptions and steps involved in conducting symmetrical fault analysis. The document concludes by highlighting the need for further exploration of unsymmetrical fault analysis and protective relaying techniques.

Uploaded by

shaibzadamuntazir192003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Symmetrical Fault

Analysis in Power
System
Program Based Learning (PBL)

Muntazir Mehdi – ELEN51F22R007


M. Yousaf – ELEN51F22R009

by Muntazir Mehdi
What is a Power System?
A power system generates, transmits, and distributes
electrical energy.

It consists of generation plants, transmission lines, and


distribution networks.
What are Faults in
Power Systems?
Definition Causes
A fault is an abnormal Faults occur due to
electrical condition insulation failure,
causing undesired lightning, or equipment
current flow. issues.

Consequences
Faults can damage equipment and disrupt power supply
reliability.
Classification of Faults
Major Types

• Symmetrical Faults
• Unsymmetrical Faults

Fault Nature

• Line-to-Ground
• Line-to-Line
• Line-to-Line-to-Ground
• Three-Phase Fault
Overview of Symmetrical Faults
Definition Occurrence
Symmetrical faults involve all three phases short- They are the most severe but occur rarely in
circuited equally. practical systems.
Importance of Fault Analysis
Protection Design Equipment Safety
Ensures appropriate Prevents damage by
coordination of protective understanding fault currents
relays and breakers. and stresses.

Grid Reliability
Helps maintain stable and continuous power delivery under faults.
Assumptions in Symmetrical Fault Analysis
• System is balanced, ignoring phase unbalance.
• Transient effects are neglected; steady-state
conditions assumed.
• Use of per unit system for simplification.
Steps in Symmetrical Fault Analysis
Single-Line Diagram
Create a simplified representation of the power system.

Per Unit Conversion


Normalize values for ease of calculation and comparison.

Thevenin Impedance
Calculate equivalent impedance seen from fault location.

Fault Current
Compute fault currents using per unit values and impedance.
Per Unit System Explanation
The per unit system expresses system quantities as
fractions of base values.

This simplifies calculations and allows comparison


across components.

Base Voltage (Vbase) Chosen nominal voltage

Base Power (Sbase) Chosen nominal


apparent power

Per Unit Value = Actual Value / Base


Value
Summary and Next Steps
Key Concepts Methods
Symmetrical faults are Per unit and single-line
severe but rare and diagrams simplify fault
require detailed analysis. current calculations.

Future Learning
Explore unsymmetrical fault analysis and protective relaying
techniques.

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