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Problem Solving

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Ateeq Zaman
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115 views

Problem Solving

Uploaded by

Ateeq Zaman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 35

Welcome To

Staff Development Training


Center
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Course
Problem Solving
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Course Outline :
 Problem Solving
 Module 1 : Course Outline
 Module 2 : Introduction to problem solving
 Module 3: Models for problem solving
 Module 4: Problem Solving Cycle
 Module 5: Barriers to problem solving
 Module 6: strategies for investigating problems
 Module 7: Improving Decision Making Skills
 Module 8: Applying Critical thinking to everyday
problems
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 1
Course Overview
Course Overview
Problem-Solving Skills Overview

 Defines a problem, determines its cause, and


implements the best solution.

 Skills include swift problem recognition and


solution execution.

 Essential for job applicants due to self-reliance.

 Training provides necessary skills and knowledge


for problem-solving proficiency.
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 2
introduction to
problem solving
introduction to problem solving

Characteristics of Difficulty
Problems

 Complexity: Large number of items,


interrelations, decisions.
 Enumerability: Enables understanding of
complex relationships.
 Heterogeneity: Connectivity in hierarchies,
communication, and allocation.
 Dynamics: Time considerations.
 In transparency: Lack of clarity.
 Polytely: Multiple goals.
introduction to problem solving

Barriers to problem solving

Common Processes and Factors

 Mental set: Tendency to solve problems based on


past experiences.

 Functional fixedness: Preference for similar


problem-solving methods.

 Unnecessary constraints: Insufficient information.

Unnecessary
Constraints
introduction to problem solving

Problem Solving
Process:

 Define problem.
 Clarify problem.
 Define goals.
 Identify root cause.
 Develop action plan.
 Execute plan.
 Evaluate results.
 Continuously improve.
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 3
Models for problem
solving
Models for problem solving

Deming Cycle Overview

 Management methodology for continuous


process improvement.

 Based on four stages: plan, do, check, act.

 Adapts to market changes, boosts


efficiency, and meets customer needs.
Models for problem solving

Hurson's Productive-Thinking Model

 Encourages creativity for effective solutions.

 Provides structure beyond free idea flow.

 Involves defining questions at the start.


Models for problem solving

Fishbone Diagram Categories


Overview

 Manpower: Various categories.


 Materials: Various methods.
 Methods: Various machines.
 Machines: Various tools.
 Measurement: Various methods.
 Environment: Various factors.
Models for problem solving

TRIZ is a system of creative problem


solving, commonly used in engineering
and process management. It follows four
basic steps:
 Defines specific problem.

 Finds TRIZ generalized problem matching it.

 Finds generalized solution.

 Adapts generalized solution to specific problem.


STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 4
Problem Solving
Cycle
Problem Solving Cycle

Problem Identification Overview

 Identifying root cause.


 Developing detailed problem statement.

Step 1: Identifying Problem

• Size up situation for full picture.

• Analyze current situation to determine


happenings and non-occurrences.
Problem Solving Cycle

Exploring Strategies:

 Understanding Challenge

 Assessing Available Info

 Classifying Inputs

 Constructing Test Cases

 Committing to a Strategy
Problem Solving Cycle
SMART Goals for Problem Solving:

 Define problem.

 Analyze root cause.

 Collaborate willingly.

 Evaluate alternatives.

 Implement action plan.

 Ask right questions.

 Be flexible.

 Brainstorm solutions.
Problem Solving Cycle

Problem solving
solution
 Look at alternatives

 Select a possible solution

 Implement a possible solution

 Evaluate the result


STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 5
Barriers to Problem Solving
Barriers to Problem Solving
Decision Making Challenges

 Lack of clarity.

 Time constraints.

 Insufficient reliable data.


 Insufficient risk-taking.

 Overly many options.

 Insufficient support.
 Limited resources.

 Inability to adapt.
Barriers to Problem Solving

 Diagnosing is the process


of identifying the cause of
a problem.

 Troubleshooting is the
process of finding a
solution to a problem.

 Both processes are


important in ensuring that
computer problems are
resolved effectively.
Barriers to Problem Solving

Performance Strategies
Overview

 Motivates, measures, and develops


employee performance.

 Outlines expectations, creates goals,


offers feedback.

 Evaluates results and establishes


developmental opportunities.
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 6
Strategies for investigating
problems
Strategies for investigating
problems

Psychological Strategies

 Enhancing concentration/attention
skills.

 Mental rehearsal/visualization/imagery.

 Relaxation techniques.

 Goal setting.
Strategies for investigating
problems
Why is it important to know the types of arguments?
Argument Reasons:

 Solving problems or making judgments.

 Defending or explaining actions or stances.

 Communicating personal or group perspectives.

Types of arguments

 Causal argument
 Rebuttal argument
 Proposal argument
 Evaluation argument
 Narrative argument
 Toulmin argument
 Rogerian argument
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 7
improving decisions making
skills
improving decisions making
skills
What is decision making?
Decision making is the process of making choices by
identifying a decision, gathering information, and
assessing alternative resolutions

Decision Making Process

 Identifying decision.

 Gathering information.

 Assessing alternatives.

 Step-by-step process for deliberate,


thoughtful decisions.
improving decisions making
skills
Types of Decision-Making

 Tactics and Strategic Decisions

 Programmed and Non-programmed Decisions

 Basic and Routine Decisions

 Organizational and Personal Decisions

 Off-the-Cuff and Planned Decisions

 Policy and Operating Decisions

 Policy, Administrative, and Executive Decisions.


improving decisions making
skills

Decision Types Overview

 Individual decisions: Made by a single person.

 Group decisions: Made by more than two people.

 Decisions are based on participation in the


process.
improving decisions making
skills

Decision-Making
Process
 Define, identify, assess.

 Consider, implement, evaluate.

 Collaborative thinking essential.


improving decisions making
skills

Improving Decision-
Making Skills

 Create a plan for upcoming decisions.


 Be assertive and take control of the
decision-making process.
 Seek expert advice.
 Keep the decision in perspective.
 Set deadlines.
 Limit choices.
 Weigh options.
 Exercise regularly.
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Module 8
Applying critical thinking to
everyday problems
Applying critical thinking to
everyday problems

Applying critical thinking to


everyday problems

 Make the best use of mind


 Tackle one thing at a time
 Step by step approach
 Record your progress
 Modify your habits
 Reasonable/practicable
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING CENTER

Thank
You

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