TRAFFIC LAWS,

RULES
&
REGULATIONS
1-1. Concept

The standards of regulating movements

on roads, streets and highways are found in
traffic laws, rules and regulations. In the
Philippines, the mass of traffic laws, rules and
regulations have their source in laws,
Presidential Decrees, Letters of Instructions,
administrative Orders and Implementing
Memoranda. As a traffic law enforcer, it is
essential that you should be familiar with
these rules and regulations.
1-2. Sources
a. Republic Act 4136. This is the basic law transportation in the Philippines.
It has repealed Act No. 3992 (The Revised Motor Vehicles Law) and the
power, functions and duties of the chief of the former Motor Vehicle
Office which are now performed by the Land Transportation
Commissioner.

b. Presidential Decrees:

1. PD No. 96. Regulating the use of sirens, bells, horns, etc., by

prohibiting the attachment of any siren, bell, horn, etc., on motor
vehicle which produce unusual or startling sounds as well as blinkers
and other similar devices unless the vehicle belong to the Armed
Forces, NBI LTC, Police, Hospitals, and Fire Department and are
specifically intended for use in emergencies.

2. PD No. 101. Expediting the methods of prescribing, redefining or

modifying the lines and modes or operations of public utility motor
vehicles in the Philippines.
o. Prohibited Parking. Parking in the following places is prohibited:

1) Within an intersection;

2) On a crosswalk;

3) Within 6 meters of the intersection of curb lines;

4) Within 4 meters of the driveway entrance of any fire station;

5) Within 4 meters of fire hydrant;

6) In front of a private driveway;

7) On the roadway side of any vehicle stopped or parked at the curb edge of
a highway, and
8) At any place where “No Parking” signs or notices are place (Section 46).
s. Obstruction of Traffic. Obstruction of traffic by operating a motor in such a
manner to obstruct, block or impede the passage of another vehicle is prohibited.
This prohibition applies even when discharging or loading passengers, cargo or
freight (Section 54).

t. Duties of a Driver in Case of accident:

1) Stop Immediately;

2) Show his driver’s license to inspecting traffic law enforcer;

3) Give his true name and address, including that of the owner of the vehicles;

4) Assist injured persons;

5) Take measures to protect belongs of passengers; and

6) Report the accident (Section 55).

RIGHTS
OF
A
DRIVER
WHEN
APPREHENDED
 Rights to be informed of the full name of the apprehending officer.

 Rights to be informed of the traffic agency for which apprehending officers

works

 Rights to know if apprehending officer is an officer for traffic direction and

control or a deputized officer.

 Rights to be informed of the nature of the violation(s) for which the driver
is being apprehended.

 Rights to contest the apprehension to the appropriate office of the

concerned traffic agency when not satisfied with the apprehension.

 Rights to file the appropriate criminal, civil or administrative case in case of

abuse of authority or for any other irregularities which may be committed
by the traffic officer.
DUTIES
AND
RESPONSIBILITIES
OF
A
DRIVER
WHEN
APPREHENDED
 Duty to drive the motor vehicle to and stop at the side of the road when
flagged down by a traffic enforcer so as not to cause traffic obstruction.
 Duty to present to the apprehending officer his driver’s license and all other
documents pertinent to the registration and franchise of the motor vehicle.
 Duty to pay corresponding penalties by reason of the violation(s) committed
to the cashier of the concerned traffic agency.
 Duty not to initiate any move that will lead to the bribing of the traffic officer.

The apprehending officer, on the other hand, is also bound to:

 Politely but firmly address and request traffic violator to stop by the roadside.
 Properly inform the driver of traffic violation committed.
 Request driver’s license without requiring driver to alight from the vehicle.
 Promptly fill up the appropriate traffic violation ticket on or near the hood of the
vehicle within the full visual access of vehicle’s passengers.
 Avoid overbearing and arrogant attitude.
OBSERVING
TRAFFIC
RULES
“PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT”
Violations of traffic rules
 Illegal turns  Failure to yield to the right of way
 Driving against traffic - same time rule
 Illegal overtaking - first at intersection rule
 Overtaking at an unsafe distance - to pedestrians at a crosswalk
 Cutting an overtaken vehicle  Failure to come to a complete stop on a
 Failure to give way to an overtaking through street or railroad crossing.
vehicle  Failure to yield the right of way
 Increasing speed when being entering a highway from a private road
overtaken or driveway.
 Overtaking when left side is not visible Failure to yield the right of way to an
or clear of oncoming traffic ambulance, police or fire department
 Overtaking on a crest of a grade vehicle.
 Failure to come to a complete stop at a
 Overtaking on a curve
thorough highway, or intersection
 Overtaking at a railway grade crossing
 Failure to give proper turn/stop signals
 Overtaking at intersection
 Failure to stop the motor vehicle and
 Overtaking between “men working” or
apply handbrake when left
caution signs unattended.
 Obstruction of traffic.
 Overtaking at “no overtaking” zones
Right of way rules – means , who is the one to yield or to give way then driving a
MV, when it comes to traffic rules

Yield - Give way

OBSERVANT – While driving a MV driver, must observe the road and

surroundings.
TRAFFIC – Movement of road user from point of origin to point of destination.

SAFETY - Protecting one’s life and property

R.A. – 9750
Seat belt law, implemented by LTO, ADM order No. BGC AO99004.
Dated October 11,1999.
R.A. 4136 Sec.56f
Wearing of helmet
3 E’S OF TRAFFIC SAFETY MANAGEMENT

1. TRAFFIC ENG’G – Deals w/ planning and geometric design of

street and traffic control device to include traffic operation.

2. TRAFFIC EDUCATION – Refers to the teaching and training of

drivers/Pedestrians/Commuters to develop them to be courteous,
disciplined and competent road users.

3. TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT – Include traffic direction control,

traffic investigation and apprehension performed by police and other
agencies w/ authority to induce voluntary compliance.
5 ELEMENT OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING

1. KNOWLEDGE – High degree of knowledge in driving law/rules & regulation

( R.A 4136)

2. ALERTNESS – Stay wide awake and concentrate on your driving.

3. FORESIGHT – Ability to see ahead.

4. JUDGEMENT – Ability to make correct decision.(don’t hesitate)

5. SKILL – A high degree of skill in driving is necessary to maneuver your vehicle out of
hazardous situation.(fast reaction)
6 ADVERSE DRIVING CONDITION
1. BADLIGHT CONDITION
2.WEATHER CONDITION

3.ROAD CONDITION

4.TRAFFIC CONDITION

5.VEHICLE CONDITION

6.DRIVER CONDITION
VEHICLE CONDITION
B – Brake C – Control
L – Lights Switches/Cables/Throttle
O – Oil L – Lights /Electrics
W – Water O – Oil/fluids
B – Battery (Level, Leaks)
A – Air C – Chassis Chain/Belt/Drive
Shaft
G – Gas
S – Side stand
S – Steering

T – Tires/Wheels
WHEN DRIVING A MOTOR VEHICLE NEVER
OVERTAKE ON!
Curve Hill
Intersection
School zone
Rail road crossing
Without sufficient clearance
In-between places where no overtaking Traffic signs
DRIVER MUST BE
Courteous

Self Control Responsibility

Generosity Patient
DRIVER’S ATTITUDE
1. Competitive Driver(Kumpetensya)
2. Show off(Mayabang)
3. Temperimental(Moddy)
4. Creeper (Slow driver)
5. Tail gate (Tutok)
6. Road hogger (Matakaw sa Kalsada)
7. Speeder (Kaskasero)
MOTORCYCLE/MV
- Safety Gear’s (Helmet/Other Acc.) Seat belt

CAUSES OF VEH. TRAFFIC ACCIDENT

1. Speed
2. Driver
3. Vehicular Malfunctions
4. Road Conditions
5. Road Hazards
6. Perceptions Factors (Traffic Rules/Regulations)
TRAFFIC – Is the movement of road user fm a point of origin of
destination
DIRECTION – The point which a thing is facing or moving

CONTROL – The power or authority to regulate or restrain

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADS
 PRIMARY
 SECONDARY
 TERTIARY

 PRIMARY – Main roads of Metro MLA that connects the roads of cities
and province.
ex : EDSA, NLEX, SLEX, C-5 ( Main Roads )

 SECONDARY – Minor roads that connects to tertiary not to primary.

ex : Kamuning, Quezon Blvd., Santolan (Francia Magsaysya)

 TERIARY – Small narrow roads that connects to secondary/primary

can be found in far fling areas.
ex : Brgy. Roads, Streets, Subd. Roads
1. First Time Vehicle Rule ( 1st to arrive)
At all intersection without “stop” or “yield” signs, slow down and
prepare to stop. Yield to vehicle already in the intersection or about to
enter it.
2. Same Time Vehicle Rule (To arrive)
At all intersection without “stop” or “yield” signs (or with stops in all
directions ). Yield to the vehicle on your right if it has reached the
intersection of same time as your vehicle.
3. Stops Signs
Stop at any limit line or crosswalk. Yield to all approaching vehicles
on the through street, go only when it is safe for you to cross.
Approaching
vehicles should slow down and allow you to get across safety.
4. Left Turn
Signal left turn and yield to approaching traffic until it is completely
Safe to finish the turn.
5. Rotonda
Vehicles around the rotonda have the right-of-way over vehicles which
are just about to enter.
When entering a highway from a driveway, yield the right-of-way to
traffic on the highway.
Never insist on taking the right-of-way. If other drivers are not
following the rules. Let them have right-of-way even if it belongs to you to
prevent possible accident. However, do not always insist on others going
ahead of you. Slowing and stopping may delay the flow of traffic.
6. CURVES
To make it around a tight curve, keep the turning of the front wheels in
line with the sharpness of the curve. When turning right, keep your front
wheel close to the center line. This prevents the rear wheels from dropping
off the pavement.
In curving left keep your front wheels close to the rights edge to prevent
the rear wheel from drifting into the other lane
Avoid breaking in curve because this can cause you to skip out of
Control. Slow down before you get into the curve. Accelerate after you have
passed the midpoint of the turn.
GIVE THE RIGHT-OF-WAY TO
EMERGENCY VEHICLES
One should yield the right-of-way to police cars, fire trucks,
ambulances and other emergency vehicles which are sounding a
siren or bell of flashing a red lights by pulling to the edge of the
roadway and stopping. In the event traffic is so congested as to
prevent you from safely doing so, slow down and leave a clear
path the emergency vehicles.

PASSING
The law places the responsibility on the driver of the passing
car. If the driver makes mistakes in passing he is held liable.
MOTTO
IN
TRAFFIC
ACCIDENT
“DOCTRINE OF LAST CHANCE”