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Precision and Accuracy SF 2

This document discusses the differences between precision and accuracy in measurements and describes how to determine the number of significant figures in a value. It provides examples of accurate and precise measurements and guidelines for identifying significant figures. The document also demonstrates how to perform calculations and express answers with the correct number of significant figures.

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HERUELA Beatrice Myli-an
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32 views

Precision and Accuracy SF 2

This document discusses the differences between precision and accuracy in measurements and describes how to determine the number of significant figures in a value. It provides examples of accurate and precise measurements and guidelines for identifying significant figures. The document also demonstrates how to perform calculations and express answers with the correct number of significant figures.

Uploaded by

HERUELA Beatrice Myli-an
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1

PRECISION AND
 ACCURACY
Objective/s:

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:


1. differentiate between precision and accuracy
2. determine the number of significant figure in a
number
3. express measurements in the correct number of
significant figures.

Which of the diagrams show precision and accuracy?


 ACCURACY
 refers to how close the measured value is relative to a
standard value or true value.

PRECISION
 refers to how close to one another the measured
values in a series
ACCURACY

& PRECISION IN
FIGURES
Example 1:
The standard measure of a table’s length is 16
cm. A student measured the length of the table three
times. Determine whether the student’s measurement
are accurate, precise, or both.
1st measurement 15.54 cm

2nd measurement 16.01 cm

3rd measurement 16.05 cm


Cont.

 To determine the accuracy of the given


measurements, we will get the average of the
measured values by adding all the values and
dividing the sum by three.
15.54 cm + 16.01 cm + 16.05 cm = 15.87 cm
3
we can conclude that the measurements are accurate.

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

 pertain to the digits or figures that are certain


to give reasonable and reliable information.
 are helpful in attaining a level of certainty
when expressing a calculated quantity.
Rules in Determining
Significant Figures

1. All nonzero digits (1 to 9) are


significant.
Example:
749 ml - 3 s.f
1,593,587 s - 7 s.f
16.21 grams - 4 s.f

2. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero


digit are not significant.
Example:
0.56 - 2 s.f
0.005869- 4 s.f
0.00001 - 1 s.f

3. Zeros between nonzero digits are


significant.
Example:
4036 - 4 s.f
7.02 - 3 s.f
5.3900007- 8 s.f

4. Zeros to the right of a nonzero digit with


a decimal point are significant.
Example:
95.70 mm - 4 s.f
1.00 g - 3 s.f
1895.0 cm - 5 s.f

5. Zeros at the end of a nonzero digit


without a decimal point are not significant.
Example:
300 km - 1 s.f
14500 km - 3 s.f
8220 km - 3 s.f
 Significant Figures in
Calculation

 Addition and Subtraction


 the number of decimal places in the answer
should be the same as the number with the
least decimal places among those being
added or subtracted.
Example:

Solve the following. Express the answers to the


correct number of significant figures.
a.) 2.051 mm + 3.56 mm + 72.1 mm
2.051 mm - 3 decimal places

3.56 mm - 2 decimal places

72.1 mm - 1 decimal place

77.711 mm

Final Answer: 77.7 mm


 Multiplication and Division

 the answer should have the same number of


significant figures as the number, among those
being multiplied or divided, with the least
number of significant figures.
Example:

Solve the following. Express the answers to the


correct number of significant figures.
b.) 7.065 m x 12.0 m

7.065 m - 4 s.f
12.0 m - 3 s.f
84.78 m2

Final Answer: 84.8 m2


Exercise:

Determine the number of significant figures in each of the


following measurements.

1) 0.001002 km

2) 20003 m

3) 8000 ml

4) 95764 mg

5) 0.1300 g
Exercise:

Perform the following calculations. Express the answer with


the correct number of significant figures.

a) 56.0 s + 135.002 s + 12 s =
b) 365.25 L - 80.0 L =
c) 50.08 m x 0.1 m x 16 m =
d) 999 km / 3.003 hr =
Reference/s:

 General Chemistry 1 for Senior High School. C&E Publishing, Inc., 2017

 General Chemistry 1 REX Bookstore

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