Combined Variation

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Learning
•
• Objectives
Define Combined Variation
Apply the techniques learned with direct and inverse
variation to combined variation; and
• Solve problems involving combined variations
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Review of   
DIRECT
 
INVERSE
 
JOINT

Variations
VARIATION VARIATION VARIATION
 
 
z
GENERAL
EQUATION

If y varies jointly as x
If y varies directly and z means y = kxz, or
with x, or y is If y varies inversely to k where k is the
STATEMENT directly x constant of variation.
proportional to x.
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Can you
answer this?
Using k as the constant of the variation, write the equation of variation of the following:

1) W varies jointly as c and the square of a and inversely as b.

2) P varies directly as the square of x and inversely as s.
3) The electrical resistance R of a wire varies directly at its length I and inversely as the square of its diameter d.
4) The acceleration of A of a moving object varies directly as the distance d its travels and inversely as the square of the time t
it travel.
5) The pressure P of a gas varies directly as its temperature t and inversely as its volume V.

Answers: 1) W 3) R 5) P
2) P 4) A
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COMBINED VARIATION
If x increases, y
In combined variation the relation involves both direct and increases.
inverse variation. Here, y varies directly with x, and y varies If x decreases, y
inversely with z. It's a double dose of variation. decreases.
If z increases, y
decreases.
In the equation, , k is the constant of variation. If z decreases, y
increases.
Example: y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y = 30
when x = 20 and z = 50.
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Examples
If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y = 30 when x = 20 and z = 50, find the constant of variation.  

If y varies directly as x and inversely as z,

and y = 30 when x = 20 and z = 50, find y when x = 40 and z = 25
Since k = 75, then
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Examples
If r varies directly as s and inversely as the square of u, and r = 2 when s = 18 and u = 2, find:

a) r when u = 3 and s = 27 b) s when u = 2 and r = 4 c) u when r = 1 and s = 36

r= r= k= s= k=

2= r= r= r=
s = 36
2(4) = 18k r= 4= 1=
k=
4(4) = s
u = 16
k=
16 = s
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Practical
Application
A practical example of combined variation
is the Combined Gas Law, which relates the PV = nRT
pressure (p), volume (v), moles (n), where R is a constant.
and temperature (T) of a sample of gas: Solving for P, we can
determine the
variation of the
P varies directly with n and T, and inversely with V. Thus,
variables.
pressure increases as temperature and moles increase. What's
more, pressure decreases as volume increases.
P=
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Let’s Practice!
If r varies directly as t2 and inversely as s, and r
= 192 when
t = 8 and s = 3, find s when t = 9 and r = 486.

Answer:
S = 1.5
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Let’s Practice!
(a) If y varies jointly as x and w and inversely
as the square of z. Find the equation of Answer:
variation when y=
y = 100, x = 2, w = 4, and z = 20.

Answer:
(b) Then solve for y when x = 1, w y = 1562.5
= 5, z = 4.
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Let’s Practice!
The time it takes you to complete a puzzle is directly proportional
to the number of pieces and inversely proportional to how many
people are working on it. You and your three friends can complete
a 1,000 pieces puzzle in 2 hours. How long would it take you to
complete a 2,500 pieces puzzle by yourself?
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Answ
As always, it's a good idea to start by defining variables. This makes it easier to keep

er
track of what you're doing. Let's use the following definitions:

t = Time taken to complete the puzzle

n = Number of people working on the puzzle
p = Number of pieces in the puzzle

We're told t and p are directly proportional and t and n are inversely proportional. This

means the equation relating all the variables is

t=k
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Answ
First, we use our given information to find k. We know a 1,000 pieces puzzle takes 2 hours to complete if you and three friends work on
it. This means n=4 people.

er
t=k
2=k

2 = 250k
1125 = k
Now that we know k, we can solve the unknown information. We know there are 2,500 pieces and only you working on
it: n=1.
t=

t=

t = 20
It'll take you 20 hours to solve the puzzle by yourself. You might want to get some of your friends to
help you.
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