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CESC Module 1 - Understanding Community

The document discusses key concepts related to understanding community, including definitions of community from different perspectives, characteristics of communities, and common structures within communities. Specifically, it outlines learning objectives, definitions of community, the three most common notions for defining community, the sense of community concept, and details the social, cultural, political, and economic structures typically found within communities.

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190 views

CESC Module 1 - Understanding Community

The document discusses key concepts related to understanding community, including definitions of community from different perspectives, characteristics of communities, and common structures within communities. Specifically, it outlines learning objectives, definitions of community, the three most common notions for defining community, the sense of community concept, and details the social, cultural, political, and economic structures typically found within communities.

Uploaded by

erikah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNDERSTANDING

COMMUNITY
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
• compare and contrast the definitions of community using various perspectives,
e.g., social sciences, institutions, civil society, and local/grassroots level.
• recognize essential characteristics of communities in terms of elements and
structures.
• develop affirm sense of shared identity and willingness to contribute to the
attainment of the common good.
• recognize diversities in communities.
• analyze functions of communities in terms structures, dynamics, and processes.
WHAT is COMMUNITY?

• A group of people who live in the same area (city,


town or neighborhood).

• A group of people who have the same interests,


religion, race, etc.
3 MOST COMMON NOTIONS
IN DEFINING COMMUNITY
3 MOST COMMON NOTIONS IN DEFINING
COMMUNITY

1. Community as shared political territory and


heritage

2. Community as a network of interpersonal ties


based on common interest

3. Community as profound sharing of spiritual


and/or emotional connection
3 MOST COMMON NOTIONS IN DEFINING
COMMUNITY

1. Community as shared political territory and


heritage
A traditional understanding of community
refers to a group of people living in the same
geographical area.
3 MOST COMMON NOTIONS IN DEFINING
COMMUNITY

2. Community as a network of interpersonal ties


based on common interest
These ties, in turn provide mutual support, a
sense of identity and sense of belongingness for
the members.
3 MOST COMMON NOTIONS IN DEFINING
COMMUNITY

3. Community as profound sharing of spiritual


and/or emotional connection
This understanding of community pertains to
a sense of spiritual and/or emotional connection to
others or communion with others on the basis of an
experience.
SENSE of COMMUNITY
SENSE of COMMUNITY
• It is a term originally coined by McMillan (1976) and
refined in the work of McMillan and Chavis (1986).

• It means “ a feeling that members have of belonging,


a feeling that members matter to one another and to
the group, and a shared faith that members’ needs
will be met through their commitment to be
together”.
COMMUNITY STRUCTURES
COMMUNITY STRUCTURES

1. Community social structure


2. Community cultural structure
3. Community political structure
4. Community economic structure
COMMUNITY SOCIAL STRUCTURE

Refers to the rules and expectations that people


develop in the community over time to help regulate
and manage their interaction with one another. It
consists of elements such as social institutions,
social groups, statuses and roles.
COMMUNITY SOCIAL STRUCTURE
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
These are established patterns of belief and behavior that
are centered on addressing basic social needs of people in
the community.
a. Family
b. Religion
c. Education
d. Government
e. Health care
COMMUNITY SOCIAL STRUCTURE

SOCIAL GROUPS
Consist of two or more people in the community
who regularly interact with one another and
consider themselves a distinct social unit.
a. Primary groups or secondary groups
b. Informal groups or formal groups
c. In-groups or out-groups
COMMUNITY SOCIAL STRUCTURE

STATUS
Refers to the position or rank a person holds, in
relation to other members of the community.
a. Ascribed - assigned at birth or involuntary
acquired.
b. Achieved - is that which is acquired on the basis
of merit or accomplishment.
COMMUNITY SOCIAL STRUCTURE
ROLE
Refers to the obligations or behaviors expected from
an individual on the basis of one’s status in life.
a. Parent
b. Teacher
c. Doctor
d. Policeman
COMMUNITY CULTURAL STRUCTURE

Refers to the institutionalized patterns of ways of life that


are shared, learned, developed and accepted by the people
in the community. It is consists of:
a. Symbols and language
b. Norms
c. Values and beliefs
d. Rituals
e. Artifacts
COMMUNITY CULTURAL STRUCTURE

SYMBOLS and LANGUAGE


These are the shared words, gestures objects or
signals which people in the community use to
convey and develop recognizable meanings.
COMMUNITY CULTURAL STRUCTURE

VALUES and BELIEFS


Values are the abstract standards in the
community that define the ideal principles of what
is good, just and desirable.
Beliefs are the shared ideas of what is held
collectively true by people in the community.
COMMUNITY CULTURAL STRUCTURE

NORMS
Refers to specific cultural expectations on how
to behave in a given situation.
Divisions of Norms:
a. Folkways are general standards of behavior that
adhered to by the people in the community.
COMMUNITY CULTURAL STRUCTURE

b. Mores are the strict norms that control moral


and ethical behavior.

c. Laws are the proscriptive and prescriptive


norms written in legal codes.
COMMUNITY CULTURAL STRUCTURE

RITUALS
Refer to the established sacred or secular procedures and
ceremonies that people in the community performed regularly.

ARTIFACTS
These are any objects or things that have special meaning for
people in the community. They may even serve as relics which
can be considered as sacred, lucky or endowed with mystical
properties.
COMMUNITY POLITICAL STRUCTURE

Refers to the people’s established ways of


allocating power and making decisions in running
and managing community affairs. This ensures the
that the member’s common needs are provided, that
peace and order is kept within the community and
the community is secured from external threats.
COMMUNITY POLITICAL STRUCTURE

POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS
Political parties or groups engaged in political
activities, compete for political powers and
control.
Political groups in the form of advocacy,
campaign or interest groups are involved in
promoting certain political, moral, religious and
even commercial causes for the benefit of their
members.
COMMUNITY POLITICAL STRUCTURE

CITIZENSHIP NORMS
The “shared set of expectations about the
citizens’ role in politics (Dalton 2008). These
norms focused on citizen participation in three
areas: POLITICAL, POLICY and SOCIAL.
COMMUNITY POLITICAL STRUCTURE

POWER RELATIONS
Pertain to how different groups in the
community are able to interact and control other
groups.
a. Dominant group
b. Minority group
COMMUNITY POLITICAL STRUCTURE

LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE
Refers to the composition of recognized leaders
(formal and informal) in the community and the
lines or workflow of their authority.
a. Hierarchical (top-down leadership)
b. Egalitarian (horizontal leadership)
COMMUNITY ECONOMIC STRUCTURE

Pertains to various organized ways and means


through which the people in the community
produce goods and services, allocate limited
resources and generate wealth in order to satisfy
their needs and wants.
COMMUNITY ECONOMIC STRUCTURE

CAPITAL ASSETS
Refer to the property or anything that is owned and
has an economic values.
a. Human capital
b. Social capital
c. Natural capital
d. Physical capital
e. Financial capital
COMMUNITY ECONOMIC STRUCTURE

VULNERABILITY CONTEXT
Pertain to the insecurity in the well-being of individuals
and households in the community.

BUSINESS CLIMATE
Refers to the attitudes, laws, regulations, and policies
of the government and lending institutions toward
businesses, enterprises, and business activities.
COMMUNITY ECONOMIC STRUCTURE

TRADE
Pertains to small, medium, and even large scale
enterprises and business activities involving the
sale and purchase of goods, services, and
information.

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