Second Generation Mobile Systems :

An Overview
General Information [2]

Pre-Requisites:
TE-441 Mobile & Satellite Communication
TE-311 Communication Systems
Digital Communications Principles, Cellular Network
Basics, Global System for Mobile communication, Data
Communication, TCP/IP and OSI Layered Models and
Routing and Switching techniques.

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General Information [3]

Teaching Faculty: Muhammad Abdul Aleem

 
Email Address: [email protected]
[email protected]
 

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General Information [4]
Text Book:
YI-BING LIN and IMRICH CHLAMTAC, Wireless and Mobile Network
Architectures, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 9971-51-366-8
HARRY HOLMA and ANTTI TOSKALA, WCDMA for UMTS Radio Access
for Third Generation Mobile Communications, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons,
ISBN 0-470-87096-6

Reference Books:
CHARLES PERKINS, Mobile IP, Design Principles and Practises, Addison-
Wesley, 1998
HAMID GHAVAMI, Ultra Wideband Communication, John Wiley & Sons,
2004
 
Web Resources:
3GPP standardization documents: http://www.3gpp.org/specs/numbering.htm

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General Information [5]

Course Objectives:

Part I of the course deals with system and application aspects of 2.5G
(GPRS&EDGE) and third generation cellular mobile system
(UMTS). Part II is concerned with the more latest, advanced and
robust wireless solutions like HSDPA, WiMAX, WLAN, Mobile
IP, Ultra Wide Band communications.

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General Information [6]

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the course students should
• understand basic elements of a mobile network;
• understand operation of 2.5G cellular mobile systems;
• have familiarity with third generation systems;
• be able to understand the techniques used in fourth generation
systems;
• be able to plan and optimise cellular networks;
• have an awareness of services and applications.

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Breakdown of Assessment

No. Description Mark Distribution (%)

1. Final Exam 40
2. Hourly Tests (Best of Two) 30
3. Theoretical Assignments (Min. Four) 08
4. Term Paper (Individual) 10
5. Quizzes (Min. Four) 08
6. GSS/Class Participation 04
TOTAL 100%

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Class Policies
Policy on Using Personal Communications Devices
Mobile phones are to remain OFF during the class hours.

Policy on Class Absences

A student shall be DROPPED from a course anyway if the number of
absences exceeds six.

Policy on Assignments/Project
NO assignments/projects will be accepted after the due date.
‘ZERO TOLERANCE’ against plagiarism.

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Term Paper
Date Assigned : Week beginning
Proposal Submission : 1 Week after assigned date
Paper Submission : 2nd last Week
Seminar/Presentation : Last Week ending
Total Duration : 10 weeks

Marks Distribution :

Summary (2 weeks) : 02
Abstract (1 week) : 02
Final Submission : 06

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Cellular Radio [1]

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Cellular Radio [2]
Single Cell Vs Multiple Cell

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Cellular Radio [3]

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Cellular Radio [4]

Estimation of Traffic

Grade of Service???

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Cellular Radio [5]

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Cellular Radio [6]

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Cellular Radio [7]

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Cellular Radio [8]
Sectorization:

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Cellular Radio [9]
Cell Splitting

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Assignment

In time, more customers use the system, traffic may build up

so that there are not enough frequencies assigned to a cell to
handle its calls. Discuss the different approaches used to
cope with this situation.

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Cellular Radio [10]
Near and Far Interference

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Multiple Access Techniques

1. Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)

2. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)

3. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

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GSM [1]
AUC other VLRs

Base Station Subsystem (BSS) H G

D
EIR HLR VLR OMC

F C B
BTS other BSSs
A-bis Mobile
A Services
BSC Switching
BTS PSTN
Centre
(MSC) ISDN
Um
CSPDN
BTS
PSPDN
E
MS other MSCs

BTS: Base Transceiver Station

BSC: Base Station Controller
HLR: Home Location Register
VLR: Visited Location Register
OMC: Operation & Maintenance Centre
EIR: Equipment Identity Register
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AUC: Authentication Centre
GSM [2]
Logical Control Channels
Downlink Uplink
Broadcast Control Channels
• Frequency Correction - FCCH
• Synchronization – SCH -
• Broadcast - BCCH

Common Control Channels Common Control Channels

• Access Grant - AGCH • Random Access - RACH
• Paging - PCH

Dedicated Control Channels

• Stand – alone Dedicated - SDCCH
• Slow Associated – SACCH
• Fast Associated - FACCH

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GSM [3]

1 TDMA frame = 8 timeslots (4.615 ms)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

120ms

TC0 TC1 TC10 TC11 SACCH TC12 TC13 TC23 Idle

One full-rate channel (multiframe)

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GSM [4]
Handover:
I. Hard Handover
II.MAHO

III.Intra BBS HO
IV.Inter BSS HO
V. Inter MSC

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GSM [5]
GSM Network Protocol Architecture

MS BTS BSC MSC

CM CM

MM MM

Layer 3 RR BSSAP BSSAP

RR
RR BTSM BTSM SCCP SCCP

Layer 2 LAPDm LAPDm LAPD LAPD MPT MTP

physical physical physical physical

Layer 1 layer layer layer layer

Um Interface A-bis interface A interface

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GSM [6]
Important Terms
• MSISDN
• IMSI
• MSRN

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GSM [7]

HLR

(1) MSISDN
(2) IMSI

(4) MSRN (3) MSRN

Incoming Call MSRN

GMSC MSC / VLR
MSISDN

An example of a call routing (to route an incoming call towards serving MSC)

MSISDN Mobile Station ISDN Number

IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
MSRN Mobile Station Roaming Number

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