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How We Learn: Teii Me and I'Ll Forget, Show Me and I May Remember, But Involve Me and I'Ll Understand

The document discusses various aspects of problem solving and decision making. It begins by outlining the Chinese proverb that teaching alone may lead to forgetting, showing leads to potential remembering, but active involvement leads to understanding. It then provides steps for problem solving which include recognizing an issue, identifying it, searching for alternatives, choosing a solution, implementing it, and following up. It also discusses techniques for various stages like generating ideas and choosing among options. Decision making is presented as identifying an issue, evaluating alternatives, deciding on a course of action, implementing it, and reviewing results. The document stresses that intuition and creativity are important for non-routine or uncertain situations.

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Haytham Elsherief
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93 views

How We Learn: Teii Me and I'Ll Forget, Show Me and I May Remember, But Involve Me and I'Ll Understand

The document discusses various aspects of problem solving and decision making. It begins by outlining the Chinese proverb that teaching alone may lead to forgetting, showing leads to potential remembering, but active involvement leads to understanding. It then provides steps for problem solving which include recognizing an issue, identifying it, searching for alternatives, choosing a solution, implementing it, and following up. It also discusses techniques for various stages like generating ideas and choosing among options. Decision making is presented as identifying an issue, evaluating alternatives, deciding on a course of action, implementing it, and reviewing results. The document stresses that intuition and creativity are important for non-routine or uncertain situations.

Uploaded by

Haytham Elsherief
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HOW WE LEARN

TEII ME AND I’LL FORGET


,SHOW ME AND I MAY REMEMBER,
BUT INVOLVE ME AND I’LL UNDERSTAND

CHINESE PROVERB
PROBLEM SOLVING
SKILLS AND
TECHNIQUES
IT’S NOT APROBLEM THAT WE HAVE A PROBLEM .IT’S
A PROBLEM IF WE DON’T DEAL WITH THE PROBLEM
PROBLEM SOLVING
SCIENCE OR ART???
SCIENCE ART & CRAFT
MATH EXPERIENCE
PHYSICS INTUATION
CHEMISTRY COMMON SENSE
MECHANICS KNOW-HOW
EQUATIONS
Problem solving steps

Recognize that there is a problem


Identify the problem
Search the alternatives
Choose among the alternatives
Implement your solution
Follow up
Techniques for recognizing the problem
Comparison
Monitor for weak signals
Listing complaints
Comparison the current performance with the past
performance
checklist
Ask
Who?
What?
Where?
How?
Techniques for identifying the problem
Talking to others

Consensus building

Why-why technique
Problem statement

The statement should be clear , brief, to the point


Including the key rationale why it should be solved
Creative problem solving
Definition:

 creative problem solving-


is looking at the same thing as
everyone else and thinking
something different
Exercise
Techniques to generate a
solution
Brainstorming
Consensus
Multivoting
Mind mapping
Choose among the alternative

Is it realistic?
Is it work?
You are on the track?
Is it practical?
How cost effective is it?
Easy to implement?
Applicable or not?
Focus on the goal
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Implementation the solution

Allocate the resources


Steps of implementation
Set dead lines
Result
Follow up
Very critical
Very crucial
very important
Problem solving tips
Define the problem & set goals
Share ideas
Team building
Break your solution into small parts
Document (portfolio)
DECISION MAKING
DECISION MAKING
IT IS THE PROCESS OF CHOOSING A COURSE
OF ACTION FOR DEALING WITH A PROBLEM
OR OPPORTUNITY
IT IS AN ENDLESS PROCESS
DECISION MAKING MODULE

Step 1 is to identify and define the problem.


Step 2 is to generate and evaluate alternative courses of
action.
Step 3 is to decide on a preferred course of action.
Step 4 is to implement the decision.
Step 5 is to evaluate results.
Basic Management Functions
• The Management Process
Organizing the Enterprise
Planning
Establishing organizational goals and deciding how to
accomplish them
Organizing
The grouping of resources and activities to accomplish some
end result in an efficient and effective manner
Leading and Motivating
Leading
 Influencing people to work toward a common goal
Motivating
 Providing reasons for people to work in the best interests of the
organization
Directing
 The combined processes of leading and motivating
Controlling Ongoing Activities
Controlling
Evaluating and regulating ongoing activities to ensure
that goals are achieved
The Control Function
DECISION ENVIRONMENT INCLUDE:
CERTAIN ENVIRONMENT

RISK ENVIRONMENT

UNCERTAIN ENVIRONMENT
CERTAIN ENVIRONMENT
EXIST WHEN THERE IS A SUFFICIENT
INFORMATION TO PREDICT THE RESULT IN
ADVANCE OF IMPLEMENTATION

CERTAINITY IS THE IDEAL PROBLEM SOLVING &


DECISION MAKING ENVIRONMENT
RISK ENVIRONMENT
EXIST WHEN DECISION MAKERS LACK
COMPLETE CERTAINITY
BUT THEY CAN ASSIGN PROBABILITES OF
OCCURRENCE
PROBABILITES CAN BE ASSIGNED THROUGH SELF
INTUITION OR STATISTICAL PROCEDURES
UNCERTAIN ENVIRONMENT
EXIST WHEN WE HAVE SO LITTLE
INFORMATION

NO ASSIGN FOR PROBABILITES OR OUTCOMES

SO MANAGERS RELY ON THEIR INTUITION


&CREATIVITY TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM
DECISION MAKING REALITES
DECISIONS TO SOLVE NON
ROUTINE PROBLEM
DECISION MUST BE ETHICAL
DECISION MUST BE UNDER TIME
PRESSURE
DECISION MUST BE UNDER
INFORMATION LIMITATION
INTUITION
IT IS A GOD FEELING COMMON SENSE BASED ON
KNOWLEDGE& EXPERIENCE

IT IS AKEY ELEMENT IN TAKING DECISION


UNDER RISK AND UNCERTAINTY ENVIRONMENT
DECISION MAKING
Satisficing
Choosing an alternative that is not the
best possible solution, but one that
adequately solves the problem
AGOOD PLAN EXCUTED NOW IS BETTER
THAN
THE PERFECT PLAN EXCUTED LATER
The Three Components of Creativity
Decision-Style Model
Ethics in Decision Making
• Ethics and National Culture
– There are no global ethical standards.
– The ethical principles of global
organizations that reflect and respect local
cultural norms are necessary for high
standards and consistent practices.

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