Environmental Laws

Prepared by:
Engr. Mark Reynold M. Arriesgado
1987 Constitution Article II Sec.16
The State shall protect and advance the right of
the people to a balanced and healthful ecology
in accord with the rhythm and harmony of
nature.
PD No. 1151
Philippine Environmental Policy
-mandated the formulation of an intensive,
integrated program of environmental protection
that will bring about a concerted effort towards
the protection of the entire spectrum of the
environment through a requirement of
environmental impact assessments and
statements.
PD No. 1152
Philippine Environment Code
-basic policy on the management and
conservation of the country’s natural resources
-provides for the development of standards and
management framework for the following areas
of concern: air quality management, water
quality management land use management.
RA 7586: NIPAS
National Integrated Protected Areas System Act
of 1992

• provides for the establishment and

management of a national integrated areas
system
The following are protected areas:
1) Strict nature reserve
2) Natural Park
3) Natural monument
4) Wildlife sanctuary
5) Protected landscape and seascapes
6) Resource reserve
7) Natural biotic areas
Buffer zones
- Identified areas outside the boundaries of and
immediately adjacent to designated protected
areas that need special development control in
order to avoid or minimize harm to the
protected area
Protected Area Management Board
Decide the allocations for budget, approve
proposals for funding, decide matters relating to
planning, peripheral protection and general
administration of the area in accordance with
the management strategy
Environmental Impact Assessment
-proposals for activities which are outside the
scope of the management plan for protected
areas shall be subject to an environmental
impact assessment

-shall secure Environmental Compliance

Certificate (ECC) under the Philippines
Environmental Impact Assessment (ELA) system
No exploitation and utilization of energy
resources found within NIPAS shall be
allowed unless through a law passed by
Congress.
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1308
REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF THE
PROFESSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
IN THE PHILIPPINES
Definition
• Environmental planning refers to activities
concerned with the management and
development of land, as well as the preservation,
conservation, and rehabilitation of the human
environment.

• The Term "environmental planner", as used in

this Decree, refers to a person engaged in the
practice of environmental planning and duly
registered with the Board of Environmental
Planning in the Manner herein provided.
Scope of Practice
The practice of environmental planning, within the meaning and intent
of this Decree shall embrace, inter alia, professional services in the form
of technical consultation, plan preparation, and/or implementation
involving the following:

(a) Development of a community, town, city, or region;

(b) Development of a site for a particular need such as housing, centers
for activities concerned with research, education, culture, recreation, or
government, industrial estates, agriculture, and water resources,
including creating a spatial arrangements of buildings, utilities and
communication routes;
(c) Land use and zoning plans for the management and development
preservation, conservation, rehabilitation, and control of the
environment; and
(d) Pre-investment, pre-feasibility, and feasibility studies.
Philippine Mining Act of 1995
(RA 7942)
C.A. No. 137: Mining Act
-expressly adopted the Regalian doctrine,
prohibits the alienation of mining lands and
granting only lease rights

Then RA 7942 (Philippine Mining Act of 1995)

was enacted, instituting a new system for the
exploration, development, utilization and
conservation of the natural resources of the
country
Ownership of Mineral Resources
Mineral resources are owned by the State and
the exploration, development, utilization and
processing thereof shall be under its full control
and supervision.

The State may directly undertake such activities

or it may enter into mineral agreements with
contractors.
Important Terms
Minerals
-refers to all naturally occurring inorganic
substance in solid, gas, liquid or any
intermediate state excluding energy materials
such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, radioactive
materials and geothermal energy
Classification of Minerals
First group- metals or metalliferous ores

Second group- precious stones

Third group- fuels

Fourth group- saline and mineral waters

Fifth group- building stone in place, clays, fertilizers

and other non-metals
Fuels -combustible substances in solid,
liquid or gas

Salines and mineral waters- soluble

substance or waters
Mineral resource
-means any concentration of minerals/rocks
with potential economic value
Mineral land

Lands containing deposits of valuable, useful, or

precious minerals in such quantities as to justify
expenditures in the effort to extract them, and
which are more valuable for the minerals they
contain than for agricultural or other uses
Mining area
- Means a portion of the contract area identified
by the contractor for purposes of development,
mining, utilization and sites for support facilities
or in the immediate vicinity of the mining
operations
Load mineral claim
A parcel of mineral land containing a vein, lode,
lodge or mass or ore in place which has been
located in accordance with law.
Block or meridional block
-An area bounded by one-half (1/2) minute of
latitude and one-half (1/2) minute of longitude,
containing approximately eighty-one hectares
(81 has)
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
-the water, sea bottom and subsurface
measured from the baseline of the Philippine
Archipelago up two hundred nautical miles (200
n.m.) offshore
Ore
-means a naturally occurring substance or
material from which a mineral or element can
be mined and/or processed for profit
Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB)
Functions:
- Direct charge in the administration and disposition
of mineral lands and mineral resources
- Undertake geological, mining, metallurgical,
chemical and other researches as well as mineral
exploration surveys
- To recommend to the Secretary the granting
Mineral Agreements or to endorse to the Secretary
for action by the President the grant of Financial or
technical Assistance Agreement (FTAA)
Mining operations
1) Exploration
2) Mineral agreements
3) Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement
(FTAA)
Exploration
-means the searching or prospecting for mineral
resources by geological, geochemical or
geophysical surveys, remote sensing, test pitting,
trenching, drilling, shaft sinking, tunneling or any
other means for the purpose of determining the
existence, extent, quantity and quality thereof and
the feasibility of mining them for profit
Exploration permit
-Mines and Geosciences Bureau grants the right to
conduct exploration for all minerals in specified
areas to a qualified person
-such permit does not amount to an authorization
to extract and carry off the mineral resources that
may be discovered
-TERM: for a period of 2 years from date of
issuance, renewable for not more than 4 years
(non-metallic) or 6 years(metallic)
Maximum Area for exploration permit
Individual Corporation,
Association,
Cooperative
Onshore (one 20 blocks 200 blocks
province)
Onshore (entire 40 blocks 400 blocks
Philippines)
Offshore 100 blocks 1000 blocks
(beyond 500m
from mean low
tide level
Mineral Agreements
-shall grant to the contractor the exclusive right to conduct
mining operations and to extract all mineral resources found in
the contract area

Term: not exceeding 25 years from the date of execution and

renewable for another term not exceeding 25 years

For the purposes of mining operations, a mineral agreement may

take the following forms:
a) Mineral Production sharing agreements (MPSA)
b) Co-production agreement (CA)
c) Joint-venture agreement (JVA)
Mineral Production Sharing
Agreement (MPSA)
-an agreement where the government grants to
the contractor the exclusive right to conduct
mining operations within a contract area and
shares in the gross output. The contractor shall
provide the financing, technology,
management and personnel necessary for the
implementation of this agreement.
Co-production Agreement (CA)
-an agreement between the government and
the contractor wherein the government shall
provide inputs to the mining operations other
than the mineral resource.
Joint-venture Agreement (JVA)
-an agreement where a joint-venture company is
organized by the government and the contractor
with both parties having equity shares. Aside
from earnings in equity, the government shall be
entitled to a share in the gross output.
Eligibility to apply for mineral
agreements
• Individual- must be a Filipino citizen of legal
age and with the capacity to contract
• Corporation, partnership, association or
cooperative- must be organized or authorized
for the purpose of engaging in mining, duly
registered and at least 60% of the capital is
owned by the Filipino
Maximum Area for Mineral Agreement
Individual Corporation,
Association,
Cooperative
Onshore (one 10 blocks 100 blocks
province)
Onshore (entire 20 blocks 200 blocks
Philippines)
Offshore 50 blocks 500 blocks
(beyond 500m
from mean low
tide level
Tip: For easy recall, it is just half of the maximum area in exploration permit
Financial or Technical Assistance
Agreement (FTAA)
-defined as a contract involving financial or
technical assistance for large-scale exploration,
development and utilization of natural
resources.

Eligibility- any qualified person or corporation,

partnership, association or cooperative with less
than 50% of capital owned by Filipino is
deemed qualified
Maximum contract Area and Term for
FTAA
a) onshore- 1,000 meridional blocks
b) Offshore- 4,000 meridional blocks

Term: not exceeding 25 years from the date of

execution and renewable for another term not
exceeding 25 years

Note: FTAA shall be negotiated by the Secretary of

DENR and approved by the President. Then, the
president shall notify the Congress.
Quarry Resources
-quarry sand and gravel, guano and gemstone
resources in private or public lands may be
extracted, removed and disposed or utilized
(common stones or common minerals)

-in large-scale quarry operations involving

cement raw materials, marble, granite and sand
and gravel and construction aggregates, any
qualified person may apply
Quarry permit
For sand and Individual 20 hectares
gravel including
lahar Corporation 50 hectares
For marble, Individual 81 hectares
granite and
construction Corporation 243 hectares
aggregates
For cement raw Individual 486 hectares
materials such
as limestone, Corporation 1,458 hectares
shale and silica
Quarry permit
-any qualified person may apply for a quarry
permit with the Provincial/ City Mining
Regulatory Board
Term: 5 years from the date of issuance
renewable for like period but not to exceed a
total term of 25 years
People’s Small-Scale Mining Act of
1991
(R.A. No. 7076)
Small-scale mining
-refers to mining activities that rely heavily on
manual labor using simple tools and methods. It
does not use explosives or heavy mining
equipment and requires only a small capital
investment
P.D. 1899: Implementation of the
Small Scale Mining in the Philippines
Philippine mining industry has always been dominated
by large-scale mining operations; prevailing statutes,
policies, incentives and financing are generally
addressed to the large-scale sector of the industry.

There exist small mineral deposits that are being or

could be worked profitably at small tonnages requiring
minimal capital investments utilizing manual labor. The
development of these small mineral deposits will
generate more employment opportunities, thereby
alleviating the living conditions in the rural areas and
will contribute additional foreign exchange earnings.
Small-scale Mining Contracts
-Awarded by the Provincial/ City Mining
Regulatory Board to small-scale miners who
have voluntarily organized and have been
registered as an individual miner or cooperative

Term: 2 years renewable for like periods

Area: should not exceed 20 hectares per
contractor
Existing mining right of Claim owner
-perfected and subsisting claim, lease, license or
permit covering a mineralized area prior to
declaration as a people’s small-scale mining area
Prohibited Areas for Mining
-areas covered by the existing forest, tourist,
marine and parks and wildlife reservations

- Ancestral lands except with prior consent of

cultural communities

Note: Private landowner or lawful possessor

shall be notified of any plan or petition to
declare his land people’s small-scale mining area
Test yourself
This law provides for the establishment and
management of a national integrated areas
system.

a) RA 7578
b) RA 7586
c) RA 7678
d) RA 7875
It contains the Philippine Environment Code
which provides for the basic policy on the
management and conservation of the country’s
natural resources

a) PD 1150
b) PD 1151
c) PD 1152
d) PD 1153
Identified areas outside the boundaries of and
immediately adjacent to designated protected
areas that need special development control in
order to avoid or minimize harm to the
protected area

a) Contiguous zone
b) Buffer zone
c) Exclusive Economic zone
d) No Hairnet zone
Document to be secured if proposals for
activities which are outside the scope of the
management plan for protected areas shall be
subject to an environmental impact assessment

a) EIC
b) EEC
c) ECC
d) EIA
The Philippine Mining Act of 1995 as approved
on March 3, 1995 is known as:
a) RA 7942
b) Presidential Decree No. 957
c) Republic Act 7160
d) Batas Pambansa 220
Refers to all naturally occurring inorganic
substances in solid, gas, liquid or any
intermediate state excluding energy materials
such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, radioactive
materials and geothermal.
a) Minerals
b) Agricultural lands
c) Residential lands
d) Commercial lands
An agreement where the government grants to
the contractor the exclusive right to conduct
mining operations within a contract area and
shares in the gross output. The contractor shall
provide the financing, technology, management
and personnel necessary for the implementation
of this agreement.
a) co-production agreement
b) Joint venture agreement
c) Mineral production sharing agreement
d) Labor-production agreement
An agreement between the government and the
contractor wherein the government shall
provide inputs to the mining operations other
than the mineral resource.
a) Mineral production sharing agreement
b) Co-production agreement
c) Joint Venture agreement
d) Labor- production agreement
An agreement where a joint venture company is
organized by the Government and the
contractor with both parties having equity
shares. Aside from earnings in equity, the
Government shall be entitled to a share to the
gross output.
a) Joint Venture Agreement
b) Mineral Production Sharing Agreement
c) Co-production agreement
d) Labor-production Agreement
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under mineral agreement shall
be ________ blocks onshore in any one province
for individuals.
a) 50
b) 30
c) 10
d) 100
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in any
province for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 200
b) 100
c) 50
d) 300
The maximum are that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for individuals.
a) 20
b) 50
c) 100
d) 150
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 100
b) 200
c) 300
d) 50
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks offshore in the entire
Philippines for individuals.
a) 200
b) 300
c) 100
d) 50
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks offshore for
partnerships, corporations, cooperatives or
associations
a) 400
b) 300
c) 500
d) 600
The maximum contract area that may be
granted per qualified person, subject to
relinquishment shall be __________ meridional
blocks onshore.
a) 2,000
b) 1,000
c) 500
d) 3,000
The maximum contract area that may be
granted per qualified person, subject to
relinquishment shall be ______ meridional
blocks offshore.
a) 5,000
b) 2,000
c) 4,000
d) 1,000
A financial or technical assistance agreement
shall have a term not exceeding _______ years
to start from execution thereof, renewable for
not more than _______ years under such terms
and conditions as may be provided by law.
a) 25, 25
b) 25, 50
c) 50, 50
d) 45, 20
Block or meridional blocks menas an area
bounded by one half-minute of latitude and
one-half minute of longitude, containing
approximately _________ hectares.
a) 105
b) 48
c) 69
d) 81
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration in one
province shall be _______ blocks onshore for
partnerships, corporations, cooperatives or
associations.

a) 200
b) 400
c) 100
d) 300
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration shall be
_______ blocks onshore in the entire Philippines
for individuals.
a) 20
b) 100
c) 40
d) 80
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration shall be
________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 300
b) 400
c) 200
d) 500
A parcel of mineral land containing a vein, lode,
lodge or mass or ore in place which has been
located in accordance with law.
a) Placer claim
b) Load mineral claim
c) Stalagmite
d) dolomite
The Regalian Doctrine state that all minerals
belong to the:
a) Locator
b) Surface owner
c) State
d) DENR
Mineral lands are governed by:
a) CA 41
b) CA 137
c) The Director of Lands
d) Administrative Code
Lands containing deposits of valuable, useful, or
precious minerals in such quantities as to justify
expenditures in the effort to extract them, and
which are more valuable for the minerals they
contain than for agricultural or other uses
a) Mineral Lands
b) Placer claim
c) Load claim
d) Agricultural lands
Answers
This law provides for the establishment and
management of a national integrated areas
system.

a) RA 7578
b) RA 7586
c) RA 7678
d) RA 7875
This law provides for the establishment and
management of a national integrated areas
system.

a) RA 7578
b) RA 7586
c) RA 7678
d) RA 7875
It contains the Philippine Environment Code
which provides for the basic policy on the
management and conservation of the country’s
natural resources

a) PD 1150
b) PD 1151
c) PD 1152
d) PD 1153
It contains the Philippine Environment Code
which provides for the basic policy on the
management and conservation of the country’s
natural resources

a) PD 1150
b) PD 1151
c) PD 1152
d) PD 1153
Identified areas outside the boundaries of and
immediately adjacent to designated protected
areas that need special development control in
order to avoid or minimize harm to the
protected area

a) Contiguous zone
b) Buffer zone
c) Exclusive Economic zone
d) No Hairnet zone
Identified areas outside the boundaries of and
immediately adjacent to designated protected
areas that need special development control in
order to avoid or minimize harm to the
protected area

a) Contiguous zone
b) Buffer zone
c) Exclusive Economic zone
d) No Hairnet zone
Document to be secured if proposals for
activities which are outside the scope of the
management plan for protected areas shall be
subject to an environmental impact assessment

a) EIC
b) EEC
c) ECC
d) EIA
Document to be secured if proposals for
activities which are outside the scope of the
management plan for protected areas shall be
subject to an environmental impact assessment

a) EIC
b) EEC
c) ECC
d) EIA
The Philippine Mining Act of 1995 as approved
on March 3, 1995 is known as:
a) RA 7942
b) Presidential Decree No. 957
c) Republic Act 7160
d) Batas Pambansa 220
The Philippine Mining Act of 1995 as approved
on March 3, 1995 is known as:
a) RA 7942
b) Presidential Decree No. 957
c) Republic Act 7160
d) Batas Pambansa 220
Refers to all naturally occurring inorganic
substances in solid, gas, liquid or any
intermediate state excluding energy materials
such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, radioactive
materials and geothermal.
a) Minerals
b) Agricultural lands
c) Residential lands
d) Commercial lands
Refers to all naturally occurring inorganic
substances in solid, gas, liquid or any
intermediate state excluding energy materials
such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, radioactive
materials and geothermal.
a) Minerals
b) Agricultural lands
c) Residential lands
d) Commercial lands
An agreement where the government grants to
the contractor the exclusive right to conduct
mining operations within a contract area and
shares in the gross output. The contractor shall
provide the financing, technology, management
and personnel necessary for the implementation
of this agreement.
a) co-production agreement
b) Joint venture agreement
c) Mineral production sharing agreement
d) Labor-production agreement
An agreement where the government grants to
the contractor the exclusive right to conduct
mining operations within a contract area and
shares in the gross output. The contractor shall
provide the financing, technology, management
and personnel necessary for the implementation
of this agreement.
a) co-production agreement
b) Joint venture agreement
c) Mineral production sharing agreement
d) Labor-production agreement
An agreement between the government and the
contractor wherein the government shall
provide inputs to the mining operations other
than the mineral resource.
a) Mineral production sharing agreement
b) Co-production agreement
c) Joint Venture agreement
d) Labor- production agreement
An agreement between the government and the
contractor wherein the government shall
provide inputs to the mining operations other
than the mineral resource.
a) Mineral production sharing agreement
b) Co-production agreement
c) Joint Venture agreement
d) Labor- production agreement
An agreement where a joint venture company is
organized by the Government and the
contractor with both parties having equity
shares. Aside from earnings in equity, the
Government shall be entitled to a share to the
gross output.
a) Joint Venture Agreement
b) Mineral Production Sharing Agreement
c) Co-production agreement
d) Labor-production Agreement
An agreement where a joint venture company is
organized by the Government and the
contractor with both parties having equity
shares. Aside from earnings in equity, the
Government shall be entitled to a share to the
gross output.
a) Joint Venture Agreement
b) Mineral Production Sharing Agreement
c) Co-production agreement
d) Labor-production Agreement
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under mineral agreement shall
be ________ blocks onshore in any one province
for individuals.
a) 50
b) 30
c) 10
d) 100
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under mineral agreement shall
be ________ blocks onshore in any one province
for individuals.
a) 50
b) 30
c) 10
d) 100
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in any
province for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 200
b) 100
c) 50
d) 300
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in any
province for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 200
b) 100
c) 50
d) 300
The maximum are that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for individuals.
a) 20
b) 50
c) 100
d) 150
The maximum are that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for individuals.
a) 20
b) 50
c) 100
d) 150
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 100
b) 200
c) 300
d) 50
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 100
b) 200
c) 300
d) 50
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks offshore in the entire
Philippines for individuals.
a) 200
b) 300
c) 100
d) 50
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks offshore in the entire
Philippines for individuals.
a) 200
b) 300
c) 100
d) 50
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks offshore for
partnerships, corporations, cooperatives or
associations
a) 400
b) 300
c) 500
d) 600
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under a mineral agreement
shall be ________ blocks offshore for
partnerships, corporations, cooperatives or
associations
a) 400
b) 300
c) 500
d) 600
The maximum contract area that may be
granted per qualified person, subject to
relinquishment shall be __________ meridional
blocks onshore.
a) 2,000
b) 1,000
c) 500
d) 3,000
The maximum contract area that may be
granted per qualified person, subject to
relinquishment shall be __________ meridional
blocks onshore.
a) 2,000
b) 1,000
c) 500
d) 3,000
The maximum contract area that may be
granted per qualified person, subject to
relinquishment shall be ______ meridional
blocks offshore.
a) 5,000
b) 2,000
c) 4,000
d) 1,000
The maximum contract area that may be
granted per qualified person, subject to
relinquishment shall be ______ meridional
blocks offshore.
a) 5,000
b) 2,000
c) 4,000
d) 1,000
A financial or technical assistance agreement
shall have a term not exceeding _______ years
to start from execution thereof, renewable for
not more than _______ years under such terms
and conditions as may be provided by law.
a) 25, 25
b) 25, 50
c) 50, 50
d) 45, 20
A financial or technical assistance agreement
shall have a term not exceeding _______ years
to start from execution thereof, renewable for
not more than _______ years under such terms
and conditions as may be provided by law.
a) 25, 25
b) 25, 50
c) 50, 50
d) 45, 20
Block or meridional blocks menas an area
bounded by one half-minute of latitude and
one-half minute of longitude, containing
approximately _________ hectares.
a) 105
b) 48
c) 69
d) 81
Block or meridional blocks menas an area
bounded by one half-minute of latitude and
one-half minute of longitude, containing
approximately _________ hectares.
a) 105
b) 48
c) 69
d) 81
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration in one
province shall be _______ blocks onshore for
partnerships, corporations, cooperatives or
associations.

a) 200
b) 400
c) 100
d) 300
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration in one
province shall be _______ blocks onshore for
partnerships, corporations, cooperatives or
associations.

a) 200
b) 400
c) 100
d) 300
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration shall be
_______ blocks onshore in the entire Philippines
for individuals.
a) 20
b) 100
c) 40
d) 80
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration shall be
_______ blocks onshore in the entire Philippines
for individuals.
a) 20
b) 100
c) 40
d) 80
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration shall be
________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 300
b) 400
c) 200
d) 500
The maximum area that a qualified person may
hold at any time under exploration shall be
________ blocks onshore in the entire
Philippines for partnerships, corporations,
cooperatives or associations.
a) 300
b) 400
c) 200
d) 500
A parcel of mineral land containing a vein, lode,
lodge or mass or ore in place which has been
located in accordance with law.
a) Placer claim
b) Load mineral claim
c) Stalagmite
d) dolomite
A parcel of mineral land containing a vein, lode,
lodge or mass or ore in place which has been
located in accordance with law.
a) Placer claim
b) Load mineral claim
c) Stalagmite
d) dolomite
The Regalian Doctrine state that all minerals
belong to the:
a) Locator
b) Surface owner
c) State
d) DENR
The Regalian Doctrine state that all minerals
belong to the:
a) Locator
b) Surface owner
c) State
d) DENR
Mineral lands are governed by:
a) CA 41
b) CA 137
c) The Director of Lands
d) Administrative Code
Mineral lands are governed by:
a) CA 41
b) CA 137
c) The Director of Lands
d) Administrative Code
Lands containing deposits of valuable, useful, or
precious minerals in such quantities as to justify
expenditures in the effort to extract them, and
which are more valuable for the minerals they
contain than for agricultural or other uses
a) Mineral Lands
b) Placer claim
c) Load claim
d) Agricultural lands
Lands containing deposits of valuable, useful, or
precious minerals in such quantities as to justify
expenditures in the effort to extract them, and
which are more valuable for the minerals they
contain than for agricultural or other uses
a) Mineral Lands
b) Placer claim
c) Load claim
d) Agricultural lands