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Gestalt Therapy: Frederick S. Perls

TRUE Dreamwork Top dog/underdog, Staying with the feeling, Empty chair Projection FALSE Here-and-now, Body symptoms and feeling, Blocks to awareness a. Deflection a. Confluence Introjection, Retroflection, Unfinished business

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Grethel Pagcaliwangan
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142 views

Gestalt Therapy: Frederick S. Perls

TRUE Dreamwork Top dog/underdog, Staying with the feeling, Empty chair Projection FALSE Here-and-now, Body symptoms and feeling, Blocks to awareness a. Deflection a. Confluence Introjection, Retroflection, Unfinished business

Uploaded by

Grethel Pagcaliwangan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GESTALT THERAPY FREDERICK S.

PERLS
GESTALT THERAPY
a humanistic method of psychotherapy that takes a holistic approach to
human experience by stressing individual responsibility and awareness of
present psychological and physical needs.
Nature of Human Beings

Consisting of many varied parts Sum of the parts is not equal to


which make a unique individual the whole
Vague, disintegrated,
a. Introjection –
disturbed boundary
swallowing or accepting
between self and others
others’ views
because of

c. Retroflection – doing to
oneself what he/she
b. Projection – dismissing wants to do to someone
or disowning aspects of else or doing for oneself
oneself what he/she wants
others to do for him/her;
cutting off from others Sources of
d. Deflection – avoiding
e. Confluence –
minimizing boundary
Difficulties
contact in various ways between oneself and
another

Preoccupation with Unfinished business


future and catastrophic which generally involves
expectations of the bad unexpressed feelings of
things that will happen resentment
Attainment of
Movement from
awareness necessary
environmental to self-
to face and accept
support through
denied parts of
discovering that
thinking and to get in
he/she can do much
touch with subjective
more than he/she
experiences with
thinks he/she can do
reality

Goals
Enhanced capacity for Whole, integrated
response-ability being
Major Focus

HERE-AND-NOW BODY SYMPTOMS AND BLOCKS TO AWARENESS


FEELING MOVEMENT MESSAGES
Role of the Counselor/Therapist

– CREATIVE TECHNIQUES DISCOVERS


CONFLICT ISSUES
– POINT OUT HOW THE CLIENTS ESCAPES
FROM NOW TO PAST OR FUTURE
– ENCOURAGE DIRECT HERE AND NOW
– HELP CLIENT MAKE OWN
INTERPRETATIONS
– POINT OUT PATTERNS
– BREAK THE IMPASSE AND MOVE ON
– HELP CLIENT MAKE THE TRANSITION
Techniques

Top dog/underdog – client Staying with the feeling –


asked to observe the noting a nonverbal
Dreamwork – a metaphor to
dialogue between the movement which is emotion-
understand present day here-
domineering topdog and the laden and immediately giving
and-now living
more passive, apologetic and attention to the feeling and
guilt ridden-underdog its meaning

“I have a secret” – to think


Making the rounds – to
“I take responsibility for” – about a well-guarded secret
disclose the self, to
leading the person to state and to fantasize how he/she
experiment with new
something (a negative would feel in disclosing it and
behavior and to grow and
thought, feeling) how others would react to
change
him/her
Techniques

Playing the projection – Rehearsal Game – asking the


Reversal Techniques – asking
asking the client to play the client to share the mental
the client to play the role of
role of the person found with rehearsals he/she makes
someone opposite of what
negative attribute to release before he/she encounters
he/she thinks he/she is
a hidden part another person

Exaggeration Game – asking


the client to exaggerate them Here-and-now experiencing –
to casually interfere with the enact the past experiences, Directives – directing the
behavior and understand the dreams or thoughts if the movement of the clients
inner feeling attached to the future
behavior
Techniques

Language Changes – to Empty Chair – to talk to a


change questions to I person with whom he/she is Talking to parts of oneself –
statement, change vague or in conflict or has an unfinished talk to parts of himself/herself
impersonal statements, business by imagining the that experience a symptom or
change past tense to present other sitting on an empty pattern
tense chair
Steps

ESTABLISHMENT PF SENSATION AWARENESS MOBILIZATION CONTACT RESOLUTION/CLOSURE WITHDRAWAL


WARM , SAFE
RELATIONSHIP
Psychological Assessment

• NOT CONGRUENT WITH HERE-AND-NOW FACTORS


• FOCUS ON THE PAST ONLY WHEN CLIENT BRINGS IT UP;
DISCUSSED IN THE PRESENT TENSE
CASE ANALYSIS
Trevor was in a relationship with a
woman, and had even proposed marriage
to her. He felt that their values were
aligned, that they loved each other, and
that they could have a good life together,
but he was still not completely certain
that she was the right one. He kept trying
to overcome his doubt – tell himself that
this was not rational, or reasonable, or
helpful. He tried to think about the
positives about her, but the doubt kept
surfacing, and undermining their
relationship.
QUIZ

1. TRUE/FALSE: Gestalt therapy takes a holistic approach to human experience.


2. _______ explains that every part of the dream is an aspect of the client
3-5. Give three techniques
6. _______ dismissing or disowning aspects of oneself and ascribing them to others
7. TRUE/FALSE: Sum of the parts is equal to the whole
8-10. What are the major focus?
11. Avoiding contact in various ways such as talking bout something else rather than a concern
involving the companion.
a. Deflection
b. Retroflection
12. Minimizing boundary between oneself and another; believing that the other feels and
thinks exactly as he/she does
a. Confluence
b. Deflection
13-15. Give three sources of difficulty

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