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Amity Business School Mba HR Social and Industrial Psychology DR Jaideep Kaur

This document outlines the key concepts covered in Module II of an MBA HR program on social and industrial psychology. It discusses topics like non-verbal communication, attribution theory, impression formation, social identity, self-concept, and self-esteem. Some of the major theories covered include Jones and Davis' correspondent inference theory of attribution, Kelley's theory of causal attribution, and Weiner's achievement attribution theory. It also examines biases in attribution, application of attribution theory, types of identity, and relationship between self and context like gender.

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69 views

Amity Business School Mba HR Social and Industrial Psychology DR Jaideep Kaur

This document outlines the key concepts covered in Module II of an MBA HR program on social and industrial psychology. It discusses topics like non-verbal communication, attribution theory, impression formation, social identity, self-concept, and self-esteem. Some of the major theories covered include Jones and Davis' correspondent inference theory of attribution, Kelley's theory of causal attribution, and Weiner's achievement attribution theory. It also examines biases in attribution, application of attribution theory, types of identity, and relationship between self and context like gender.

Uploaded by

anshu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name of Institution

AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL


MBA HR
SOCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY
DR JAIDEEP KAUR

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MODULE II: Social Perception & identity


Non-Verbal Communication,
Theories of Attribution,
Impression Formation and Impression
Management.
Self Concept,
Self-esteem,
Self-Efficacy,
Self-Monitoring and Self-Focusing.
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Non-Verbal Communication
Behavioral communication is also
called as non verbal communication
93 % messages are conveyed by non
verbal communication.

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Channels
Facial expression
Body language
Eye contact
Gestures
Postures
Voice
Appearance
Touching behavior
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ATTRIBUTION
The process through which we seek to
identify the causes of others behavior and
so gain knowledge of their stable traits
and temperament.
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Theories
Correspondent Inference
Jones and David 1965
Jones and Davis theory helps us understand the process of making an
internal attribution.
Describes how we use information of others behavior as basis for
inferring their stable traits.
Degree of choice, If a behavior is freely chosen it is believed to be due to
internal (dispositional) factors.
Non common effects: If the other persons behavior has important
consequences for ourselves.
Low Social desirability behaviors low in sociably desirability (not
conforming) lead us to make (internal) dispositional inferences more than
socially undesirable behaviors.
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Kelley theory of Causal Attribution


Why
Consensus: How other people in the same
situation and with the same stimulus behave.
Consistency :How frequent the individual's
behavior can be observed with similar stimulus
but varied situations
Distinctiveness : How the individual responds to
different stimuli
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Bernard Weiner proposed that individuals


have early emotional responses to the
possible consequences of the intrinsic or
extrinsic motives of the actor, which in turn
influence future behavior
Weiner's achievement attribution has three
categories:
stable theory (stable: traits and unstable:
fatigue)
locus of control (internal handwork and
external: luck)
control (controllable :temperament or

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BIAS AND ERRORS IN ATTRIBUTIONS


Augmenting & discounting : boss
The correspondence bias : situation vs.
dispositions
Culture factors : individual vs. collectivism
The actor observer effect:
The self serving bias: internal vs external
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Application of attribution theory


Attribution and depression
Attribution in workplace : sexual
harassment

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Impression formation: The process we


from impression of others
Asch experiment : central / peripheral trait
Implicit personality theories : traits go
hand in hand
Impression management
Self enhancement
Others enhancement
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Types of Identity
Personal Identity (individuality, personality)
Who am I?
Extraverted, intelligent, motivated, etc.
Social Identity (Reference Group Orientation or
Identification) To what group or groups do I
belong?
Does the group acknowledge my membership?
Does group membership affect how society
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Personal Identities

Self-concept/Self-esteem
Intelligence
Personality
Motivation
Volition/Self-Regulation
Self-efficacy

Social Identities

Ethnic and/or Racial Group


First Language
Gender
Nationality/Country of Origin
Socioeconomic Status
Religion

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Self complexity
The less of overlapping of self concepts
Less stress
Identity interference
When two important identities are perceived as
in conflict as personal identity interference with
well based other identity.
Ex: Women opting for jobs which are tough.

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Independent self: In individual culture


people will develop independent self and
men have independent self concept than
women.
Interdependent self: In collective culture
people will develop interdependent self
and women have interdependent self
concept than men.
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Self in context to gender


Justice ethics: Moral issues are solved
with rationality and men have justices
ethics.
Care ethics : Moral issues are solved by
emotional and welfare of others and
women have care ethics.

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Self esteem: The overall attitude towards


oneself.
Self reference effect : People orientation
towards stimuli that are associated with
the self.
Social comparison theory: Festinger
1954.The theory suggested that people
are highly informative to have comparison
with others.
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Self evaluation maintenance model


To perceive positive self ,we distance ourselves
from others who perform better than we do on
valued dimensions but move closer to others
who perform worse. We protect our self esteem.
Social identity theory.
We will move closer to positive with whom we
share identity but distance who perform poorly or
make our social identity negative.
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Black sheep effect : when member of the


group behaves in a way that threatens the
value of the group identity.
Ingratiation: The attempt to make others
like us by conveying that we like them.
Self monitoring : The process of
monitoring by people of their behavior in
response to others.
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Self as a target of prejudice


Emotional consequences
Cognitive consequences
Behavioral consequences

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