ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

May 2000

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

For technical assistance, phone the Micro Motion Customer Service Department: In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277, 24 hours Outside the U.S.A., phone 303-530-8400, 24 hours In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 443 In Asia, phone (65) 770-8155

Copyright 1998, Micro Motion, Inc. All rights reserved. Micro Motion, ELITE, and BASIS are registered trademarks, and ALTUS is a trademark of Micro Motion, Inc., Boulder, Colorado. Hastelloy is a registered trademark of Haynes International, Inc., Kokomo Indiana. Inconel is a registered trademark of Inco Alloys International, Inc., Huntington, West Virginia. Teflon is a registered trademark of E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co., Inc., Wilmington, Delaware.

Contents

1 Before You Begin

1.1 1.2 1.3

.............................. About this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application software described in this manual. . . . . . . Introduction to the ALTUS NOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replacing an older NOC and transmitter. . . . . . . . . . . Water cut determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NOC capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1
1 1 1 1 1 2

2 Installation Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1 2.2 Piping arrangement and ancillary equipment . . . . . . . Sensor installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sensor orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Avoiding inaccurate flow counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flow direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3
3 5 5 6 7

2.3

3 Using the Person-Process Interface

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

.......... Person-Process Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security button. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Function buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cursor control buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9
9 10 11 12

4 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.1 4.2 Step 1 Recording the configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configure well performance measurements . . . . . . . . Mode of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Units of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Well data-densities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configure system data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configure inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flow variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Density inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sensor calibration data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sensor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configure outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discrete outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milliamp outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 15 15 16 16 17 21 24 25 25 26 27 28 35 36 36 37 40

Step 2 Step 3

Step 4

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Contents continued

5 Using the View Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

5.1 5.2 Accessing the view menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Well performance measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Continuous mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Well test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process totalizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventory totalizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Active alarm log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LCD options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagnostic monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Applications list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power outage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 44 44 44 45 46 47 47 48 48 48

5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9

6 Continuous Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 Continuous mode configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Startup and display test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accessing continuous mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing production measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quick view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pause and resume. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 49 49 49 50 52 52 54

7 Well Test Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 Well test mode configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Startup and display test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accessing well test mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conducting a well test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stopping and continuing a well test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing performance measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing performance measurements for the current test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing previous well tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 55 55 55 56 58 60 61 63

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ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Contents continued

8 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
8.1 Alarm messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Responding to alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NOC alarm messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transmitter alarm messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alarms that do not generate fault outputs . . . . . . . . . Fault outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Critical status fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transmitter failure fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fault alarms requiring troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . Active alarm log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting discrete outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting milliamp outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting the frequency output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Density calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Density unit for calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duplicating the factory calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duplicating a previous calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Two-point density calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 67 68 68 69 73 74 74 75 78 78 78 79 79 80 80 80 81 82 83

8.2 8.3

8.4

9 Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

9.1 9.2 Reasons for using live oil density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laboratory density measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taking a sample from the flow line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processing sample and measuring densities . . . . . . 87 87 88 91

10 In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

10.1 10.2 Reasons for using live oil density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In-line density determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Density determination procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measuring and saving the water density . . . . . . . . . . Manually entering the water density . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measuring and saving the oil density . . . . . . . . . . . . Entering the water cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 93 93 94 99 103 104

11 Sensitivity Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

11.1 11.2 11.3 Error factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual sensitivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overall uncertainty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 107 108

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

iii

Contents continued

12 Software Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 View menu in well test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . View menu in continuous mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maintenance menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 112 113 115

Appendixes
Appendix A ALTUS NOC Software Configuration Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix B Return Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 121

Index

.............................................

123

iv

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Contents continued

Figures
Figure 1-1 Water cut calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Figure 2-1 Typical installation, Micro Motion sensor and NOC with 3-phase separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figure 2-2 Typical installation, Micro Motion sensor and NOC with 2-phase separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figure 2-3 Sensor in horizontal pipe run, tubes downward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 2-4 Sensor in vertical pipe run. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 3-1 Person-Process Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Figure 3-2 Pressing security button, security disabled . . . . . . . 10 Figure 3-3 Pressing security button, security enabled . . . . . . . 10 Figure 3-4 Function buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 3-5 Cursor control buttons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Figure 4-1 Effect of transient bubbles on density . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Figure 4-2 Holding at last measured density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Figure 4-3 Correction of density readings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Figure 4-4 Flow calibration values on sensor serial number tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Figure 4-5 D1 and D2 on sensor serial number tag . . . . . . . . . 30 Figure 4-6 K1 and K2 on sensor serial number tag . . . . . . . . . 31 Figure 4-7 K1 and K2 values from comments section . . . . . . . 32 Figure 4-8 K1 and K2 values from second page . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Figure 4-9 FD and dens temp coeff on sensor serial number tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Figure 5-1 Using buttons in the view menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Figure 6-1 Process monitor mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Figure 7-1 Process monitor mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Figure 8-1 Model 3500 sensor wiring terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Figure 8-2 Model 3700 sensor wiring terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Figure 9-1 Sample port for laboratory density measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Figure 9-2 Laboratory sampling procedure using water-filled cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Figure 9-3 Laboratory sampling procedure using empty cylinder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Figure 9-4 Laboratory density measurement system, low pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Figure 9-5 Laboratory density measurement system, high pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Figure 10-1 Stratification with no flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Figure 10-2 Diameter and length of cylindrical vessel . . . . . . . . 97 Figure 10-3 Taking a water sample from the separator . . . . . . . 101 Figure 10-4 Using a hygrometer to measure water density . . . . 101 Figure 10-5 Taking an oil sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Contents continued

Tables
Table 4-1 Table 4-2 Table 4-3 Table 4-4 Table 4-5 Table 4-6 Table 4-7 Table 4-8 Table 4-9 Table 4-10 Table 4-11 Table 4-12 Table 4-13 Table 4-14 Table 4-15 Table 4-16 Table 4-17 Table 4-18 Table 4-19 Table 4-20 Table 6-1 Table 7-1 Table 7-2 Table 8-1 Table 8-2 Table 8-3 Table 8-4 Table 8-5 Table 8-6 Table 8-7 Table 8-8 Table 8-9 Table 8-10 Table 8-11 Table 8-12 Table 8-13 Table 8-14 Table 8-15 Table 8-16 Table 9-1 Table 10-1 Table 10-2 Table 11-1 Densities and deviations for continuous mode . . . . Well data for well test mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transient bubble remediation parameters . . . . . . . . System parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flow variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Density inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temperature inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flow calibration values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D1 and D2 density values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K1 and K2 tube period values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FD and dens temp coeff values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nominal FD values for sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temperature calibration values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sensor information variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discrete output 1 power sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discrete output assignment variables . . . . . . . . . . . Fault conditions and settings for milliamp outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process variables for milliamp outputs . . . . . . . . . . Calibration span variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse output variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Continuous production measurements . . . . . . . . . . Performance measurements for current well test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance measurements for previous well tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using NOC alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using slug flow alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using output saturation alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using totalizer alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using calibration and trim alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using conditional status alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fault output levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configurations for fault outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using critical status fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using transmitter failure fault alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . Troubleshooting excessive drive gain . . . . . . . . . . . Nominal resistance ranges for flowmeter circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Troubleshooting sensor error fault alarms . . . . . . . . Density of air in grams per cubic centimeter . . . . . . Maximum flow rates for high-density calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Density of water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laboratory equipment for determining live oil and produced water densities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Approximate capacity of cylindrical vessels. . . . . . Approximate capacity of spherical ends . . . . . . . . Uncertainty factors for percent water cut and percent net oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 21 23 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 33 34 35 35 36 36 37 38 39 40 51 62 65 68 69 70 70 71 72 73 73 74 74 75 77 77 84 85 86 87 97 97 107

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ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin

Before You Begin

Installation Considerations

1.1

About this manual

This manual explains how to configure, operate, and maintain the ALTUS Net Oil Computer (NOC). This manual does not explain installation or wiring. For information about installation and wiring, see the ALTUS Installation Manual.

1.2

Application software described in this manual

This manual pertains to software menus that enable operation, configuration, and maintenance of the NOC. The ALTUS applications platform has software functions that do not pertain to the NOC. For information about software functions that are not described in this manual, refer to the installation and detailed setup manuals for the applications platform.

Using the Person-Process Interface

1.3

Introduction to the ALTUS NOC

The ALTUS NOC works with a Micro Motion sensor to produce realtime measurements of water cut, net oil volume flow, and net water volume flow. The NOC measures full-stream mass flow and volumetric flow at rates from a few barrels to more than 100,000 barrels per day.

Configuration

Replacing an older NOC and transmitter

If an ALTUS NOC is installed as a replacement for an older Micro Motion Net Oil Computer and RFT9739 or RFT9712 transmitter, power-supply and output wiring does not need to be replaced. Because transmitter software is included with the ALTUS NOC, a transmitter is not required.

Water cut determination

The NOC calculates water cut from the following equation:

De Do Water cut = -------------------Dw Do
Using the View Menu

Where: De = Emulsion density Do = Oil density Dw = Water density

Figure 1-1, page 2, shows how water cut is calculated by the NOC. The operator enters the oil and water densities at the reference temperature (60F in Figure 1-1). The Micro Motion sensor measures the fluid temperature (100F in Figure 1-1). The NOC extrapolates the densities to the operating temperature, using an API equation for oil and a Chevron Research equation for produced water. The water cut equation is solved at operating temperature, then referenced back to 60F. Using water cut, mass flow rate, and net oil and water densities, the NOC calculates net oil, net water, and gross flow at reference temperature.

Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin continued Figure 1-1. Water cut calculation

1.05 1.00 Density (g/cc) 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 60 90 100 Temperature (F) 120 150 Crude oil density entered in NOC Produced water density entered in NOC Produced water density

De Do Water cut = -------------------Dw Do

Crude oil density

NOC capabilities

The NOC can operate in continuous mode or well test mode: In continuous mode, the NOC can continuously monitor a well, separator, or pipeline. In well test mode, the NOC can perform a well test on any of up to 48 different wells. Well performance data for the test that is in progress or for previous tests can be viewed during the test. The NOC nonvolatile memory archives data acquired during the last three well tests. The NOC resumes testing if a power failure or shutoff interrupts the test that is in progress. The last three power outages are recorded with power-on and power-off time/date stamps. The NOC has three discrete outputs, two milliamp outputs, and a pulse output: Discrete output 1 can be an alarm for transient bubble remediation. Discrete output 2 indicates net oil. It produces 10 output pulses per barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net oil. Discrete output 3 indicates net water. It produces 10 output pulses per barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net water. Milliamp output 1 can indicate any measured variable. Milliamp output 2 can indicate any measured variable. The pulse output can represent a flow variable. The NOC can remediate density readings to compensate for the presence of transient bubbles in the sensor. If erratic density resulting from transient bubbles causes sensor drive gain to exceed the programmed value, the NOC can be programmed to respond in one of three ways: The NOC can hold the density value that was measured at a specified time before transient bubbles were detected. The NOC can produce an alarm indicating the presence of transient bubbles. The alarm can be assigned to discrete output 1. The NOC can stop the well test that is in progress.

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin

Installation Considerations

Installation Considerations

2.1

Piping arrangement and ancillary equipment

Figure 2-1, page 4, shows a typical installation of a sensor and an NOC when a 3-phase test separator is used. Figure 2-2, page 4, shows a typical installation of a sensor and an NOC when a 2-phase test separator is used. Adhere to the following general guidelines: Design and size the test separator to ensure complete separation of the entrained gas from the liquid phase. Size the Coriolis sensor so that at maximum liquid flow, pressure drop is less than 3 psi. Install the sensor as far below the test separator as possible. Install the sensor upstream from the dump valve. Balance any sensor pressure drop with hydrostatic head, measured from the lowest level in the separator down to the sensor inlet. Rule of thumb: pressure drop should be about 0.4 psi per foot. If the liquid temperature is significantly different from the ambient temperature, thermally insulate or heat trace the sensor and upstream pipe to minimize paraffin coating and transient temperature at the start of dumping periods. Install a meter proving loop, if required. Install a static mixer and sampling port for calibration and verification purposes. Locate the static mixer and sampling port downstream from the sensor and the proving loop connections. Make sure the dump valve is capable of regulating back pressure and controlling the liquid flow rate.

Using the Person-Process Interface Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Installation Considerations continued Figure 2-1. Typical installation, Micro Motion sensor and NOC with 3-phase separator

Figure 2-2. Typical installation, Micro Motion sensor and NOC with 2-phase separator

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin

Installation Considerations continued 2.2 Sensor installation

Install the sensor according to the appropriate sensor instruction manual.

Sensor orientation

If possible, mount the sensor with its flow tubes downward in a horizontal pipe run, as shown in Figure 2-3. If necessary to prevent sand or other solid particles from accumulating in the flow tubes, or to accommodate existing vertical piping, mount the sensor in a vertical pipe run, as shown in Figure 2-4. The oil/water interface should flow upward through the pipeline.

Installation Considerations

Figure 2-3. Sensor in horizontal pipe run, tubes downward

Flow direction

Using the Person-Process Interface

Figure 2-4. Sensor in vertical pipe run

Flow direction

Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Installation Considerations continued Avoiding inaccurate flow counts

CAUTION
Settling of the oil/water interface in a sensor can cause the flowmeter to indicate flow when there is no flow. To avoid inaccurate flow counts, program a low flow cutoff. To program a low flow cutoff, see page 25. Settling of the oil/water interface is more likely to occur if the sensor is mounted in a vertical pipe run than if the sensor is mounted in a horizontal pipe run.

Because the crude oil in the separator is at an equilibrium condition, any pressure reduction can cause the solution gas (i.e., the light end components) to break out from the saturated crude oil. Even a seemingly small amount of free gas in the liquid phase can result in substantial measurement errors in water cut and net oil. (See pages 107-109 to estimate the effect of free gas). The amount of gas that is produced varies, and depends on the properties of the crude oil and the operating conditions. To prevent formation of solution gas in the flowmeter, the following criterion should be followed:
P g > Pp + Pm

Where: Pg = Static head pressure of liquid, measured from liquid level at separator to sensor inlet Pp = Frictional pressure loss of flow line, from test separator to sensor inlet Pm = Pressure drop across sensor
Detailed pressure drop calculations are strongly recommended during design and installation of the piping system.

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin

Installation Considerations continued

The following general guidelines are suggested: To maximize the static head gain (P g), install the sensor as far below the test separator as possible. Note that 1 psi (6.9 kPa) of static head gain results from 28 inches of water column. To minimize the frictional head loss (Pp), install the sensor as near as possible to the test separator, and use larger-diameter connecting pipes. Minimize use of piping elements such as tees, elbows, and reducing unions. Install sampling ports, static mixer, proving connections, dump valve, back pressure regulator, or other flow-restricting devices downstream from the sensor. A full-port valve should be considered if a cutoff valve must be installed between the separator and the sensor. Whenever possible, frictional pressure loss should be less than 3 psi (20.7 kPa) at the maximum anticipated flow rate. To minimize pressure drop across the sensor (Pm), install a larger sensor. Pressure drop across the sensor should be less than 3 psi (20.7 kPa) at the maximum anticipated flow rate. In some environments, extremely tight emulsion occurs. Extremely tight emulsion can make removal of entrained gas difficult, even with a large separator. Using a suitable demulsifier chemical to break down the emulsion is a possible method of alleviating this problem. If the sensor is installed directly at the wellhead, (i.e., if a test separator is not used), the line pressure at the sensor should be maintained above the crude oil bubble point pressure.

Installation Considerations Using the Person-Process Interface

2.3

Flow direction

The sensor measures accurately regardless of flow direction. The arrow on the sensor housing indicates normal forward flow direction. Refer to the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual for directions about setting the NOC to indicate forward flow, reverse flow, or forward and reverse flow.

Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin

Using the Person-Process Interface

Installation Considerations

3.1

Person-Process Interface

Figure 3-1 shows the Person-Process Interface. Use the interface to: Configure the NOC Monitor and control the application Perform maintenance and diagnostic tasks

Figure 3-1. Person-Process Interface

Using the Person-Process Interface

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow
Backlit display

4,352.33
bpd Volume Total 56,485.88 bbl
NEXT PRINT VIEW

Cursor control buttons

Configuration

Function buttons

Security button

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Using the Person-Process Interface continued 3.2 Security button

The security button is in the lower right of the interface, marked by an icon of a padlock. If security is disabled, press the security button to access the main menu. See Figure 3-2. If security has been enabled, you will be prompted to enter a password. See Figure 3-3. To enable security, see the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual. You can use the security button to return to the main menu or password entry screen. Press the security button once to return to: The main menu, shown in Figure 3-2, if security is disabled The password entry screen, shown in Figure 3-3, if security is enabled At the main menu or password entry screen, press EXIT to return to the operation screen.

Figure 3-2. Pressing security button, security disabled

DEVICE 1

DEVICE 1 Configuration Maintenance Security Language

Volume Flow

4,532.33
bpd Mass Total 56,485.88 bbl
NEXT PRINT VIEW

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Figure 3-3. Pressing security button, security enabled

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow

4,532.33
bpd Mass Total 56,485.88 bbl
NEXT PRINT VIEW

Enter Password

SEL

HELP

EXIT

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Before You Begin

Using the Person-Process Interface continued 3.3 Function buttons

The pushbuttons below the display are the function buttons. The action each button performs appears on the display just above the button. Figure 3-4 reviews the functions that are assigned to each button.

Installation Considerations

Figure 3-4. Function buttons

DEVICE 1 Configuration Maintenance Security

Using the Person-Process Interface

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Configuration

START STOP CLEAR RESET PAUSE RESUME SEL CHG SAVE ENTER YES OK NEXT

RETURN PGDN

Start well test Start averaging oil or water densities Stop well test Stop averaging oil or water densities Clear all displayed values Reset total Pause counting of all displayed totals Pause performance measurements Resume counting of all displayed totals Resume production measurements Select the highlighted option Make a change to the highlighted option Save a change Enter a password Proceed with action Proceed with action Scroll to next screen At the last screen, scroll to the first screen Test the next well in the sequence Return to well test screen Page down to next help screen

VIEW ACK EXIT NO HELP RESET START VIEW PRINT PGUP

Access the view menu Acknowledge an alarm message Return to the previous screen Cancel action

Show a help screen Reset total Start a new well test View performance measurements for a well that is being tested Send a ticket to a printer Page up to previous help screen

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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11

Using the Person-Process Interface continued 3.4 Cursor control buttons

Actions performed by the function buttons apply to the item at the cursor. Figure 3-5, page 13, shows a typical configuration sequence involving both a menu item and a variable edit item. Pressing HELP produces a screen that has help for the item at the cursor. Menus Each menu includes a list of items. The cursor is a reverse-video highlight bar. Use the up or down arrow buttons to locate the cursor at the menu item you want to select or change. After locating the cursor at the desired menu item, press CHG or the right cursor button to select the item. Items After a menu item has been selected, the cursor enables you to enter or change the selected item: The cursor is an underscore character, which is located under a character. If the item has a value of Yes or No, all arrows toggle between the two choices. Otherwise, press the up and down arrow buttons to increase or decrease the value of the character at the cursor. If the item has more than one digit or character (like the oil density in the example), press the left and right arrow buttons to move the cursor to the next or previous character. When the value is correct, press SAVE. If you wish to cancel the change, press EXIT. The interface returns to the previous screen without saving the changes.

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Before You Begin

Using the Person-Process Interface continued Figure 3-5. Cursor control buttons
Menu
Well Data-Densities

EXIT Move cursor up/Scroll up

Installation Considerations

Indicates items available to scroll Cursor is a highlight bar

Oil Density 0.9000 Water Density 1.1000 Oil Deviation 0.0005 Water Deviation 0.0005 CHG HELP

g/cc g/cc g/cc g/cc EXIT

SELECT

Move cursor down/Scroll down

Using the Person-Process Interface

Item
Well Data-Densities

Move cursor to left or toggle YES/NO Increase value at cursor or toggle YES/NO

Cursor is an underscore

Oil Density 0.9000 Water Density 1.1000 Oil Deviation 0.0005 Water Deviation 0.0005 SAVE

g/cc g/cc g/cc g/cc EXIT

Move cursor to right or toggle YES/NO

Decrease value at cursor or toggle YES/NO

Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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Before You Begin

Configuration

Installation Considerations

4.1

Recording the configuration Configuration sequence

While you are configuring the NOC, record configuration parameters in the NOC configuration record (Appendix A).

4.2

Failure to perform configuration tasks in the proper sequence could result in an incomplete or flawed configuration. Perform configuration tasks in the following sequence: 1. Configure well performance measurements. 2. Configure system data. 3. Configure inputs. 4. Configure outputs.

Using the Person-Process Interface

CAUTION
Selecting configuration will interrupt measurement and control functions. All outputs will go to their configured fault settings. Set control devices for manual operation before accessing configuration menus.

Configuration

Step 1

Configure well performance measurements

Well performance measurements include the following parameters: Mode of operation Units of measurement Well data densities Compensations

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

15

Configuration continued Mode of operation

Configuration Well performance meas Mode of operation

CAUTION
Changing the mode of operation will erase all stored test data. To avoid erasing test data, do not change the mode of operation during a well test.

Mode of Operation Continuous Mode Well Test Mode

SAVE

EXIT

To set the mode of operation: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Well Performance Meas. d. Select Mode of Operation. e. Select Continuous Mode or Well Test mode, then press SAVE.

Units of measurement

The units of measurement menu allows you to select a reference temperature for measuring net oil and net water. To select a unit of temperature, see page 27. To select a unit of volume flow, see page 25.

CAUTION
Changing reference temperature changes the indicated standard volumes and reference densities. If the reference temperature is changed, change oil and water reference density values.

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Configuration continued
To select the reference temperature: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Well Performance Meas. d. Select Units of Measurement. e. Select the desired reference temperature, then press SAVE. The reference temperature that is currently being used is always the one that is highlighted.

Configuration Well performance meas Units of measurement

Installation Considerations

Units of Measurement 60 degF 15 degC 20 degC

SAVE

EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

Well data-densities
Configuration Well performance meas Well data-densities

Well Data-Densities Oil Density 0.9000 Water Density 1.1000 Oil Deviation 0.0005 Water Deviation 0.0005 CHG HELP

g/cc g/cc g/cc g/cc EXIT

Continuous mode To enter oil and water densities and deviations for continuous mode: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Well Performance Meas. d. Select Well Data-Densities. e. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-1, page 18.

Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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Configuration continued
Oil and water densities, deviations, and duration averages are described in the chapter that explains density determination (pages 93-104 ).
Oil Deviation 0.0005 g/cc Water Deviation 0.0005 g/cc Oil Duration Ave 5 sec Water Duration Ave 5 sec CHG HELP EXIT Well Data-Densities

Table 4-1. Densities and deviations for continuous mode

Variable Oil density Default 0.9000 g/cc Description If oil density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value If oil density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density determination (see pages 93-104) If water density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value If water density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density determination (see pages 93-104) Enter the maximum oil density deviation that will be allowed during density determination (see pages 93-104) If the difference between two consecutive density readings is greater than the programmed deviation, the density average is restarted. The averaging is completed when the deviation is not exceeded during the averaging period Enter the maximum water density deviation that will be allowed during density determination (see pages 93-104) If the difference between two consecutive density readings is greater than the programmed deviation, the density average is restarted. The averaging is completed when the deviation is not exceeded during the averaging period Enter the amount of time during which oil density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104) Enter the amount of time during which water density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104)

Water density

1.1000 g/cc

Oil deviation

0.0005 g/cc

Water deviation

0.0005 g/cc

Oil density ave Water density ave

5 sec 5 sec

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Configuration continued
Well test mode To enter well names, oil and water densities, deviations, and purge times for well test mode: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Well Performance Meas. d. Select Well Data-Densities. e. Select the menu item for the number of the well that will be configured, then press CHG.

Configuration Well performance meas Well data-densities

Installation Considerations

Well Data-Densities Wells 1 to 12 Wells 13 to 24 Wells 25 to 36 Wells 37 to 48 CHG HELP EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

f. Select the well that will be configured, then press SAVE.

Wells 1 to 12 01: 02: 03: 04: 05: 06: 07: 08: SAVE Tinsley 22-14b N Cowden 24-17a R Dutton 36-13c B Olsen 23-15d 13-24-44-5E6 08-11-23-6E2 18-44-04-3W5 12-28-36-6W7

Configuration

EXIT

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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19

Configuration continued
g. To enter a well name: Begin entering characters at the far left position Enter up to 18 alphanumeric characters, including spaces h. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-2.

Well Name: Tinsley 22-14b Oil Density 0.8000 g/cc Water Density 1.0000 g/cc Purge Time 30 minutes CHG HELP EXIT

Well #1

Oil and water densities, deviations, and duration averages are described in the chapter that explains density determination (pages 93-104).
Oil Deviation 0.0005 g/cc Water Deviation 0.0005 g/cc Oil Duration Ave 5 sec Water Duration Ave 5 sec CHG HELP EXIT Well #1

20

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Before You Begin

Configuration continued

Table 4-2. Well data for well test mode

Variable Well name Oil density Default Not applicable (none) 0.8000 g/cc Description Beginning at the far left position, enter up to 18 alphanumeric characters, including spaces, that will serve as the name for the selected well If oil density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value If oil density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density determination (see pages 93-104) If water density at reference temperature is known, enter the density value If water density at reference temperature is unknown, perform a density determination (see pages 93-104) Enter the time during which, prior to a well test, measurements will not be recorded until separator contents from the previous test have been purged Enter the maximum oil density deviation that will be allowed during density determination (see pages 93-104) If the difference between two consecutive density readings is greater than the programmed deviation, the density average is restarted. The averaging is completed when the deviation is not exceeded during the averaging period Enter the maximum water density deviation that will be allowed during density determination (see pages 93-104) If the difference between two consecutive density readings is greater than the programmed deviation, the density average is restarted. The averaging is completed when the deviation is not exceeded during the averaging period Enter the amount of time during which oil density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104) Enter the amount of time during which water density will be averaged during density determination (see pages 93-104)

Installation Considerations

Water density

1.0000 g/cc

Purge time Oil deviation

30 minutes 0.0005 g/cc

Using the Person-Process Interface

Water deviation

0.0005 g/cc

Oil density ave Water density ave

5 sec 5 sec

Compensations

The compensations menu allows you to configure the NOC to perform transient bubble remediation. Transient bubble remediation (TBR) corrects density and water cut readings during brief periods when gas bubbles are passing through the sensor. Figure 4-1, page 22, illustrates the effect of transient bubbles on measured density. Figure 4-2, page 22, illustrates how the NOC holds the measured density at the time period before transient bubbles were detected, if hold last value is selected as the action taken. Figure 4-3, page 22, illustrates how transient bubble remediation corrects density readings.
Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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21

Configuration continued Figure 4-1. Effect of transient bubbles on density

15.00 V

Drive gain (volts)

10.00 V

1.0 g/cc Density (g/cc)

5.00 V

0.9 g/cc Drive gain (volts)

0.00 V Time

0.8 g/cc

Figure 4-2. Holding at last measured density

15.00 V

Drive gain (volts)

10.00 V

1.0 g/cc Density (g/cc)

5.00 V

0.9 g/cc Drive gain (volts)

0.00 V Programmed drive gain level (see Table 4-3) Time Programmed time period (see Table 4-3)

0.8 g/cc

Figure 4-3. Correction of density readings

15.00 V

Drive gain (volts)

10.00 V

1.0 g/cc Density (g/cc)

5.00 V

0.9 g/cc Drive gain (volts)

0.00 V Programmed drive gain level (see Table 4-3) Time

0.8 g/cc

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Before You Begin

Configuration continued
To set parameters for transient bubble remediation: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Well Performance Meas. d. Select Compensations. e. Select Transient Bubble Remd. f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-3.

Configuration Well performance meas Compensations Transient bubble remd

Installation Considerations

Transient Bubble Remd Drive Gain Level 5.4 V Action Taken Hold Last Value Time Period 15 seconds

CHG

HELP

EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

Table 4-3. Transient bubble remediation parameters

Variable Drive gain level Default 14.5 volts Definition Enter a value of 0.5 to 14.5 volts The entered value is the voltage above which the NOC will indicate transient bubbles To determine the appropriate value, view the average and maximum values in the view production measurements menu (see 50-51), the view current test menu (see pages 61-62), or the view well tests menu (see pages 63-65) Entering a value of 14.5 will disable transient bubble remediation Hold last value: - The NOC will hold the measured density at the time period before transient bubbles were detected - Transient bubbles can be indicated by discrete output 1 (see page 36) - This option requires configuration of a time period (see below) Stop well test: - The NOC will stop the well test if transient bubbles are detected - Transient bubbles can be indicated by discrete output 1 (see page 36) Alarm only: Transient bubbles will be indicated by discrete output 1 (see page 36) If hold last value is selected as the action taken, enter the amount of time before transient bubbles were detected that will be used to derive a density reading

Configuration

Action taken

Hold last value

Time period

15 seconds

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

23

Configuration continued

Step 2

Configure system data

Configuration System

System Tag Time Date Master Reset

To configure system data: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select System. d. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-4.

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Table 4-4. System parameters

Variable Tag Time Date Default Device 1 Current time Current date Description Enter up to 8 digits and/or characters that identify this NOC, well, or separator Enter a value of 0 to 23 for hours, a value of 00 to 59 for minutes, and a value of 00 to 59 for seconds Enter 4 digits for the year, a character code for the month, and 2 digits for the day

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Before You Begin

Configuration continued

Step 3
Flow variables
Configuration Inputs Coriolis Config process var Flow variables

Configure inputs

Flow Variables Flow Damping

To configure flow variables: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Inputs. d. Select Coriolis. e. Select Config Process Var. f. Select Flow Variables. g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-5.

Installation Considerations

0.8 sec Meter Direction Forward Mass Units g/s Mass Low Flow Cutoff 0.00000 g/s CHG HELP EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

Table 4-5. Flow variables

Variable Flow damping Default 0.8 sec Description The selected value is the time required for flow outputs and displays to achieve 63% of their new value in response to a step change at the input Damping filters out noise or the effects of rapid changes in the flow rate without affecting measurement accuracy Select the direction in which process fluid will flow through the sensor relative to the flow direction arrow on the sensor The sensor can measure forward or backward flow Select the desired unit of mass flow Mass flow outputs and displays will indicate flow in the selected unit Enter the mass flow rate below which mass flow outputs and displays will indicate zero flow The recommended flow cutoff is 0.02% of the flow rate that is represented by the milliamp output at 20 mA. For example, if an output of 20 mA represents 100 lb/min, the flow cutoff should 0.02 lb/min To set the calibration span for milliamp outputs, see page 39 Select the desired unit of volume flow Volume flow outputs and displays will indicate flow in the selected unit Enter the volume flow rate below which volume flow outputs and displays will indicate zero flow The recommended flow cutoff is 0.02% of the flow rate that is represented by the milliamp output at 20 mA. For example, if an output of 20 mA represents 100 l/min, the flow cutoff should 0.02 l/min To set the calibration span for milliamp outputs, see page 39

Configuration

Meter direction

Forward

Mass units Mass low flow cutoff

g/s 0.00000 g/s

Using the View Menu

Volume units Volume low flow cutoff

l/s 0.00000 l/s

Continuous Mode

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Configuration continued Density inputs

Configuration Inputs Coriolis Config process var Density

Density Density Units

To configure density inputs: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Inputs. d. Select Coriolis. e. Select Config Process Var. f. Select Density. g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-6.

g/cc Density Damping 1.7 sec Slug Low Limit 0.000000 g/cc Slug High Limit 5.000000 g/cc CHG HELP EXIT

Table 4-6. Density inputs

Variable Density units Density damping Default g/cc 1.7 sec Description Select the desired unit of density Density outputs and displays will indicate density in the selected unit The selected value is the time required for density outputs and displays to achieve 63% of their new value in response to a step change at the input Damping filters out noise or the effects of rapid changes in density without affecting measurement accuracy Enter the desired low limit, in g/cc, for the fluid density. The recommended slug low limit is 0.8 x the lowest density to be measured The entered value is the density below which a slug flow alarm will be generated The entered value should be lower than the density that will cause drive gain to indicate the presence of transient bubbles in the sensor (see pages 21-23) For more information about slug flow, see page 69 Enter the desired high limit, in g/cc, for the fluid density. The recommended slug high limit is 1.4 g/cc The entered value is the density above which a slug flow alarm will be generated The entered value should be higher than the density that will cause drive gain to indicate the presence of transient bubbles in the sensor (see pages 21-23) For more information about slug flow, see page 69 Enter the number of seconds for which flow outputs will hold their last measured flow rate while density is outside the range specified by the slug low limit and slug high limit If transient bubble remediation has been implemented, set slug time to 0.0 sec. If a value of 0.0 is entered, flow outputs will go to the level that indicates zero flow as soon as slug flow is detected The maximum slug time is 300 seconds For more information about slug time, see page 69

Slug low limit

0.000000 g/cc

Slug high limit

5.000000 g/cc

Slug time

1.0 sec

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Configuration continued Temperature

Configuration Inputs Coriolis Config process var Temperature

Temperature Temperature Units degC Temp. Damping 3.5 sec

To configure temperature inputs: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Inputs. d. Select Coriolis. e. Select Config Process Var. f. Select Temperature. g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-7.

Installation Considerations Using the Person-Process Interface

CHG

HELP

EXIT

Table 4-7. Temperature inputs

Variable Temperature units Temperature damping Default degC 3.5 sec Description Select degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit, Rankine, or Kelvin Temperature outputs and displays will indicate temperature in the selected unit The selected value is the time required for temperature outputs and displays to achieve 63% of their new value in response to a step change at the input Damping filters out noise or the effects of rapid changes in temperature without affecting measurement accuracy If density determination will be performed, set temperature damping at 1.0 sec. To perform a density determination, see pages 93-104

Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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Configuration continued Sensor calibration data

Configuration Inputs Coriolis Sensor cal data

Sensor calibration data describe the sensors sensitivity to flow, density, and temperature. To configure sensor calibration data: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Inputs. d. Select Coriolis. e. Select Sensor Cal Data. f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure sensor calibration data. Sensor cal data should be entered from the sensor serial number tag or factory calibration certificate. Tags and certificates vary in appearance, depending on the sensor model number and manufacturing date. Flow calibration values include the flow factor and the flow calibration temperature coefficient. To configure flow calibration values, see page 29. Density calibration values include D1 and D2 density values, K1 and K2 tube periods, the flowing density correction factor, and the density calibration temperature coefficient. To configure density calibration values, see pages 30-34. Temperature calibration values include the temperature slope and the temperature offset. To configure temperature calibration values, see page 35.

Sensor Cal Data Flow Factor

1.00000 Flocal Temp Coef 5.130 D1 0.000000 D2 1.000000 CHG HELP EXIT

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Configuration continued
Flow calibration values Flow calibration values include the flow factor and the flow calibration temperature coefficient. To configure flow calibration values, see Table 4-8 and Figure 4-4.

Installation Considerations

Table 4-8. Flow calibration values

Variable Flow factor Default 1.00000 g/sec Description Enter the first 5 digits of the flow cal factor (see Figure 4-4) The entered value is the flow rate, in g/sec, that generates 1 sec of time shift between velocity signals from the sensor Enter the last 3 digits of the flow cal factor (see Figure 4-4) The entered value represents the percent change in the measured flow rate per 100C change in temperature

Flowcal temp coef

5.130

Figure 4-4. Flow calibration values on sensor serial number tag

Flow factor on newer tag Flow factor on older tag

Using the Person-Process Interface

19.0005.13 19.0005.13

Configuration

Flocal temp coef on newer tag

Flocal temp coef on older tag

19.0005.13
Using the View Menu

19.0005.13

Continuous Mode

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Configuration continued
Density calibration values Density calibration values include D1 and D2 density values, K1 and K2 tube periods, the flowing density correction factor (FD), and the density calibration temperature coefficient (dens temp coeff). To configure D1 and D2, see Table 4-9 and Figure 4-5, below. To configure K1 and K2, see Table 4-10 and Figure 4-6, page 31. To configure FD and the dens temp coeff, see Table 4-11 and Figure 4-9, page 33.

Table 4-9. D1 and D2 density values

Variable D1 Default 0.000000 g/cc Description If the sensor tag shows a D1 value, enter the D1 value (see Figure 4-5) If the sensor tag does not show a D1 value, enter the Dens A or D1 value from the calibration certificate The entered value is the density of the low-density calibration fluid (Micro Motion uses air) If the sensor tag shows a D2 value, enter the D2 value (see Figure 4-5) If the sensor tag does not show a D2 value, enter the Dens B or D2 value from the calibration certificate The entered value is the density of the high-density calibration fluid (Micro Motion uses water)

D2

1.000000 g/cc

Figure 4-5. D1 and D2 on sensor serial number tag

D1 on newer tag D2 on newer tag

0.0010 0.9980

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Configuration continued

Table 4-10. K1 and K2 tube period values

Note If K1 and K2 values are being entered from a factory calibration certificate: DO NOT enter values from the COMMENTS section on the first page (see Figure 4-7, page 32) DO enter values listed on the second page (see Figure 4-8, page 32) Variable K1 Default 5000.000 Description If the sensor tag shows a K1 value, enter the K1 value (see Figure 4-6, newer tag) If the sensor tag does not show a K1 value, enter the first 5 digits of the density calibration factor (see Figure 4-6, older tag) The entered value represents the sensor flow tube period in sec associated with D1, adjusted to 0C If the sensor tag shows a K2 value, enter the K2 value (see Figure 4-6, newer tag) If the sensor tag does not show a K2 value, enter the second 5 digits of the density calibration factor (see Figure 4-6, older tag) The entered value represents the sensor flow tube period in sec associated with D2, adjusted to 0C

Installation Considerations

K2

50000.000

Using the Person-Process Interface

Figure 4-6. K1 and K2 on sensor serial number tag

K1 on newer tag K1 on older tag

12500142864.44 12502.000 12500142864.44

Configuration

K2 on newer tag

K2 on older tag

Using the View Menu

12500142864.44 14282.000 12500142864.44

Continuous Mode

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Configuration continued Figure 4-7. K1 and K2 values from comments section

Do not use these K1 and K2 values

Figure 4-8. K1 and K2 values from second page

These K1 and K2 values can be used

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Configuration continued Table 4-11. FD and dens temp coeff values

Variable FD Default 0.000 Description If the sensor tag shows an FD value, enter the FD value (see Figure 4-9) If the sensor tag does not show an FD value, enter the appropriate FD value from Table 4-12, page 34 The entered value adjusts density calculations for the effect of high flow rates on measured density If the sensor tag shows a TC value, enter the TC value (see Figure 4-9, newer tag) If the sensor tag does not show a TC value, enter the last 3 digits of the density calibration factor (see Figure 4-9, older tag) The entered value represents the percent change in the measured density per 100C change in temperature

Installation Considerations

Dens temp coeff

4.440000

Figure 4-9. FD and dens temp coeff on sensor serial number tag
FD on newer tag

Using the Person-Process Interface

310

Configuration

Dens temp coeff on newer tag

Dens temp coeff on older tag

12500142864.44 4.44000 12500142864.44

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

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Configuration continued

Table 4-12. Nominal FD values for sensors

Sensor model CMF010 standard pressure CMF010 standard pressure CMF010 high pressure CMF025 standard pressure CMF050 standard pressure CMF100 standard pressure CMF200 standard pressure CMF300 standard pressure F025S F050S F100S F200S DS006 standard pressure DS012 standard pressure DS012 standard pressure DS025 standard pressure DS025 standard pressure DS040 standard pressure DS040 standard pressure DS065 standard pressure DS100 standard pressure DS150 standard pressure DS150 standard pressure DS300 standard pressure DS300 standard pressure DS600 standard pressure DH006 high pressure DH012 high pressure DH025 high pressure DH038 high pressure DS100 high pressure DH150 high pressure DH300 high pressure DL065 DL100 DL200 DT065 DT100 DT150 Flow tube material 316L stainless steel Inconel 686 Inconel 686 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel with Tefzel lining 316L stainless steel or Hastelloy C-22 316L stainless steel with Tefzel lining 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel 316L stainless steel Hastelloy C-22 Hastelloy C-22 Hastelloy C-22 Nominal FD value 140 220 760 450 430 230 320 280 0 0 0 350 450 900 490 110 330 220 610 310 520 480 640 200 260 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 210 670 150 550 380 130

ELITE

BASIS

Model D

Model DH

Model DL

Model DT

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Before You Begin

Configuration continued
Temperature calibration values Temperature calibration values include the temperature slope and the temperature offset. To configure temperature calibration values, see Table 4-13.

Installation Considerations

Table 4-13. Temperature calibration values

Variable Temperature slope Default 1.000000 Description Enter the temperature slope value provided by Micro Motion, or perform a temperature calibration To perform a temperature calibration, see the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual Enter the temperature offset value provided by Micro Motion, or perform a temperature calibration To perform a temperature calibration, see the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual

Temperature offset

0.000000

Using the Person-Process Interface

Sensor information
Configuration Inputs Coriolis Sensor information

Sensor information includes variables that serve as references without affecting calibration parameters, totalizers, or outputs. To configure sensor information: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Inputs. d. Select Coriolis. e. Select Sensor Information. f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-14.

Sensor Model No. CMF025 Sensor Serial No. 000000 Sensor Material 304 SS Sensor End Connection ANSI 150 CHG HELP EXIT

Sensor Information

Configuration Using the View Menu

Table 4-14. Sensor information variables

Variable Sensor model no. Sensor serial no. Sensor material Sensor end connection Sensor liner Default Uninitialized 000000 304 SS ANSI 150 None Description Enter a description of the sensor model, such as "CMF300" Enter the serial number that is on the sensor serial number tag Select the appropriate sensor flow tube material (304 SS, 316L SS, Hastelloy C, Inconel, or Tantalum) Select the appropriate flange, union fitting, sanitary fitting, or wafer fitting Select the appropriate liner material for the sensor flow tubes (Tefzel or none)

Continuous Mode

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Configuration continued

Step 4
Discrete outputs
Configuration Outputs Discrete outputs Discrete output 1 Discrete output 2 Discrete output 3

Configure outputs

To configure discrete outputs: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Outputs. d. Select Discrete Outputs. e. Select Discrete Output 1, Discrete Output 2, or Discrete Output 3. f. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the power source and assignment for the selected discrete output. Power source Discrete outputs can be connected to factorysupplied or user-supplied relays. To select the appropriate power source for discrete output 1, see Table 4-15, below. The power source for discrete output 2 and discrete output 3 cannot be configured. For relay specifications and installation instructions, see the ALTUS Installation Manual. Assignment Discrete output 1 can be inactive or can indicate transient bubble remediation. See Table 4-16. Discrete output 2 represents net oil. Discrete output 3 represents net water.

Discrete Output 1 Power Source Internal Assignment None

CHG

HELP

EXIT

Table 4-15. Discrete output 1 power sources

Note For relay specifications and installation instructions, see the ALTUS Installation Manual Relay type Factory-supplied relays User-supplied relays Default Internal Internal Power source Select internal power Select internal power if relays are internally powered Select external power if relays are externally powered

Table 4-16. Discrete output assignment variables

Discrete output Discrete output 1 Variable Transient bubble remediation event None Net oil Net water Default None Description Discrete output 1 will indicate high drive gain Discrete output 1 will be inactive Discrete output 2 will produce 10 output pulses per barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net oil Discrete output 3 will produce 10 output pulses per barrel or 10 output pulses per cubic meter of net water

Discrete output 2 Discrete output 3

Cannot be re-assigned Cannot be re-assigned

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Before You Begin

Configuration continued Milliamp outputs

Configuring milliamp outputs includes the following procedures: Configuring fault indication Assigning a process variable to the output Configuring the calibration span Fault indication To configure fault indication for milliamp outputs: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Outputs. d. Select Milliamp Outputs. e. Select Milliamp Output 1 or Milliamp Output 2. f. Select Fault Indication. g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the condition and setting of fault indicators for the selected milliamp output. Condition: Milliamp outputs can produce downscale, upscale, last measured value, or internal zero fault indicators. See Table 4-17. The default condition is downscale. Setting: If downscale or upscale is selected as the fault condition, the setting determines the amount of current that indicates a fault. See Table 4-17.

Installation Considerations

Configuration Outputs Milliamp outputs Milliamp output 1 Fault indication Milliamp output 2 Fault indication

Using the Person-Process Interface

Fault Indication Condition Downscale Setting 3.60 mA

CHG

HELP

EXIT

CAUTION
Using last measured value or internal zero may hamper identification of fault outputs. To make sure fault outputs can be identified, select downscale or upscale. Configuration

Table 4-17. Fault conditions and settings for milliamp outputs

Note The default condition for fault indication is downscale Condition Downscale Upscale Last measured value Description Can be configured from 1.0 to 3.6 mA Can be configured from 21.0 to 24.0 mA Holds at the mA value that represents the last measured value for the process variable before the fault occurred Apparent lack of variation in the process variable could indicate a fault Goes to the mA value that represents a value of 0.0 for the process variable An apparent value of 0.0 for the process variable could indicate a fault Default setting 3.6 mA 22.0 mA Not applicable

Using the View Menu

Internal zero

Not applicable

Continuous Mode

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37

Configuration continued
Process variable To configure process variables for milliamp outputs: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Outputs. d. Select Milliamp Outputs. e. Select Milliamp Output 1 or Milliamp Output 2. f. Select Variable Assignment. g. Press CHG to access the process variable menu. h. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to select one of the process variables listed in Table 4-18.

Configuration Outputs Milliamp outputs Milliamp output 1 Variable assignment Milliamp output 2 Variable assignment

Process Variable None Frequency Input Unc Oil Rate Unc Water Cut Unc Water Rate Net Oil Rate Water Cut Gross Flow Rate Net Water Rate Ave Unc Oil Rate SAVE

EXIT

Table 4-18. Process variables for milliamp outputs

Variable Frequency input Unc oil rate Unc water cut Unc water rate Backflow rate Net oil rate Water cut Gross flow rate Net water rate Ave unc oil rate Ave unc water cut Ave unc gross flow Ave unc water rate Ave net oil rate Ave water cut Ave gross flow rate Ave net water rate Temperature Mass flow rate Mass flow live zero Density Vol. flow rate Drive gain Default Mass flow Description (what the output will represent) Process variable that is represented by the frequency input Uncorrected flow rate of oil Uncorrected water cut Uncorrected flow rate of water Real-time reverse flow rate Real-time net flow rate of oil at reference temperature Real-time water cut at reference temperature Real-time flow rate of oil and water Real-time net flow rate of water at reference temperature Average uncorrected flow rate of oil Average uncorrected water cut Uncorrected average flow rate of oil and water Uncorrected average flow rate of water Average net flow rate of oil at reference temperature Average water cut at reference temperature Average flow rate of oil and water Average net flow rate of oil at reference temperature Temperature Mass flow rate Flow rate when it drops below the mass low flow cutoff Density of oil and water Volume flow rate of oil and water Drive gain voltage

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Before You Begin

Configuration continued
Calibration span To configure the calibration span for milliamp outputs: a. Press the security button on the display face. b. Select Configuration. c. Select Outputs. d. Select Milliamp Outputs. e. Select Milliamp Output 1 or Milliamp Output 2. f. Select Calibration Span. The calibration span menu item appears only after a process variable has been assigned to the output. To assign process variables to milliamp outputs, see page 38. g. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-19.

Configuration Outputs Milliamp outputs Milliamp output 1 Calibration span Milliamp output 2 Calibration span

Installation Considerations

Calibration Span 20.0mA

0.00 g/s 4.0mA 0.000 g/s Low Flow Cutoff 0.00 g/s Damping Seconds 0 CHG HELP EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

Table 4-19. Calibration span variables

Notes The calibration span menu item appears only after a process variable has been assigned to the output To assign process variables to milliamp outputs, see page 38 Some values are dependent on sensor calibration data. To configure sensor calibration data, see pages 18-26 Variable 20 mA 4 mA Low flow cutoff Damping seconds Default Sensor upper limit Sensor lower limit 0 for all variables 0 sec Description Enter the value the output will represent at 20.0 mA The entered value must be greater than the 4.0 mA value Enter the value the output will represent at 4.0 mA The entered value must be less than the 20.0 mA value If a flow variable is assigned to the output, the low flow cutoff is the flow rate below which the output will indicate zero flow Select the amount of added damping for the milliamp output The selected value is the amount of time that is added to damping on flow, density, or temperature The lowest value that can be represented by the output The highest value that can be represented by the output The smallest allowable difference between the value represented at 4.0 mA and the value represented at 20.0 mA The 20.0 mA value must be greater than the 4.0 mA value

Configuration Using the View Menu

4.0 mA minimum 20.0 mA maximum Minimum span

Not applicable (read-only)

Continuous Mode

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39

Configuration continued Pulse output

Configuration Outputs Frequency output

Frequency Output Flow Source

To configure the pulse output: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Configuration. 3. Select Outputs. 4. Select Frequency Output. 5. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure the parameters that are listed in Table 4-20.

None Flow Units kg/min Scaling Method Frequency = Flow Frequency 1000.000 Hz CHG HELP EXIT

CAUTION
Using last measured value or internal zero may hamper identification of fault outputs. To make sure fault outputs can be identified, select downscale or upscale.

Table 4-20. Pulse output variables

Variable Flow source Default Mass flow Description Select none, frequency input, uncorrected oil volume, uncorrected water volume, backflow volume, net oil volume, gross volume, net water volume, mass, or volume Select frequency = flow, pulses/unit, or units/pulse The frequency output has a range of 0 to 12,500 Hz If frequency = flow is selected as the scaling method, enter the frequency (or pulse rate), in Hz, that represents the configured flow rate To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41 If frequency = flow is selected as the scaling method, enter the flow rate that is represented by the configured frequency To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41 If pulses/unit is selected as the scaling method, enter the number of output pulses that represent one mass or volume unit To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41 If units/pulse is selected as the scaling method, enter the number of mass or volume units that are represented by one output pulse To scale the pulse output, see the example on page 41 The pulse width can be configured for output frequencies below 500 Hz Enter the desired pulse width in milliseconds Select active or passive operation for the frequency output Voltage is 24 VDC nominal for active operation, 20 VDC applied maximum for passive operation Sourcing current is 10 mA at 3 VDC for active operation Sinking current is 500 mA for active or passive operation Downscale: Output goes to 0 Hz Upscale: Output goes to 15,000 Hz Last measured value: - Output holds at the frequency that represents the last measured flow rate before the fault occurred - Apparent lack of variation in the flow rate could indicate a fault Internal zero: - Output goes to 0 Hz - An apparent no-flow condition could indicate a fault

Scaling method Frequency

Frequency = flow 1000.000 Hz

Flow

16,666 g/sec

Pulses

60.00 pulses

Units

16.667 g

Maximum pulse width Power

511 ms Active

Fault indication

Downscale

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Before You Begin

Configuration continued

Example:

Scale the pulse output so 10,000 pulses represent one barrel of actual liquid. This would be a common setting for a volumetric proving application.
Installation Considerations

a. Select volume as the flow source. Remember that gross volume is temperature-corrected, and volume is actual volume at line conditions. b. Select bbl/day as the flow unit. c. Select pulses per unit as the scaling method. d. Change the frequency to 10,000 Hz. The output pulses are now configured for 10,000 pulses per barrel.

Using the Person-Process Interface Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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Before You Begin

Using the View Menu

Installation Considerations

5.1

Accessing the view menu

When you press VIEW at the operation screen, the view menu is displayed. Figure 5-1 shows the functions performed by the function buttons and cursor control buttons in the view menu.

Figure 5-1. Using buttons in the view menu

EXIT If SEL has been pressed, move cursor toward left
VIEW MENU Well Performance Meas Process Totalizers Active Alarm Log LCD Options Diagnostic Monitor Applications List Power Outage

Using the Person-Process Interface

Move cursor upward

SELECT If SEL has been pressed, move cursor toward right Move cursor downward

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Configuration

START STOP CLEAR RESET PAUSE RESUME SEL CHG SAVE ENTER YES OK NEXT

RETURN PGDN

Start well test Start averaging oil or water densities Stop well test Stop averaging oil or water densities Clear all displayed values Reset total Pause counting of all displayed totals Pause performance measurements Resume counting of all displayed totals Resume production measurements Select the highlighted option Make a change to the highlighted option Save a change Enter a password Proceed with action Proceed with action Scroll to next screen At the last screen, scroll to the first screen Test the next well in the sequence Return to well test screen Page down to next help screen

VIEW ACK EXIT NO HELP RESET START VIEW PRINT PGUP

Access the view menu Acknowledge an alarm message Return to the previous screen Cancel action

Show a help screen Reset total Start a new well test View performance measurements for a well that is being tested Send a ticket to a printer Page up to previous help screen

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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43

Using the View Menu continued 5.2 Well performance measurements

The tasks you can perform in the well performance measurements menu depend on the operation mode.

Continuous mode
View Well performance meas

To set the NOC to operate in continuous mode, see page 16. To use the NOC in continuous mode, see pages 49-54. In continuous mode, the well performance measurements menu includes the following items: View Production Meas Quick View Pause/Resume Reset

Well Performance Meas View Production Meas Quick View Pause / Resume Reset

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Well test mode

To set the NOC to operate in well test mode, see page 16. To use the NOC in well test mode, see pages 55-65. In well test mode, the items in the well performance measurements menu depend on whether or not a well test is in progress. If a well test is not in progress If a well test is not in progress, the well performance measurements menu includes the following items: Start Well Test View Well Tests

View Well performance meas

Well Performance Meas Start Well Test View Well Tests

SEL

EXIT

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Before You Begin

Using the View Menu continued

View Well performance meas

Well Performance Meas Return To Well Test View Well Tests View Current Test

If a well test is in progress If a well test is in progress, the well performance measurements menu includes the following items: Return to Well Test Start Well Test View Current Test

Installation Considerations

SEL

EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

5.3

Process totalizers
View Process totalizers Process

In the view menu, you can monitor or reset process totals, and pause and resume counting of displayed totals. The volume that is displayed in the process totalizers menu is the measured mass divided by the measured density. Temperature compensation and reference oil and water densities are not used in this calculation. The displayed total is the actual gross volume of fluid.

Process Mass

Configuration

769.9 lb Volume 56,485.88 bbl Freq Input Rollover 9999999999.99 lb Mass Rollover 9999999999.99 lb PAUSE RESET EXIT

CAUTION
If counting has been paused, pressing RESET will cause the total to reset to a non-zero value. To make sure the total resets to zero, press RESET before pressing PAUSE.

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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Using the View Menu continued

To reset a process totalizer, or to pause and resume counting of the displayed totals: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Process Totalizers. 3. Select Process. 4. Select the desired process totalizer. To reset the selected totalizer, press RESET. Pressing reset does not affect a well test that is in progress. To pause counting of all displayed totals, press PAUSE. To resume counting of all displayed totals, press RESUME. 5. Press EXIT repeatedly to return to the operation screen. The value to which the process total resets depends on whether or not counting has been paused. If you press RESET without pressing PAUSE, the total resets to zero. If you press PAUSE, then press RESET, the total resets to the amount that accumulated from the time counting was paused to the time the total was reset. For example, if counting was paused at 500 barrels, then 25 barrels were counted before the total was reset, the total resets to 25 barrels. The display shows rollover values for each totalizer. The rollover value is the maximum total that can be achieved before the totalizer rolls over to zero.

5.4

Inventory totalizers
View Process totalizers Inventory

To monitor inventory totalizers: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Process Totalizers. 3. Select Inventory. 4. Press EXIT repeatedly to return to the operation screen. The volume that is displayed in the inventory totalizers menu is the measured mass divided by the measured density. Temperature compensation and reference oil and water densities are not used in this calculation. The displayed total is the actual gross volume of fluid. The display shows rollover values for each totalizer. The rollover value is the maximum inventory that can be achieved before the inventory rolls over to zero.

Inventory Mass

769.9 lb Volume 56,485.88 bbl Freq Input Rollover 9999999999.99 lb Mass Rollover 9999999999.99 lb EXIT

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Before You Begin

Using the View Menu continued 5.5 Active alarm log

View Active alarm log

The NOC performs self-diagnostics during operation. If the NOC detects certain events or conditions, an alarm message appears in the highlight bar at the top of the screen. If the condition that caused an alarm is present, the alarm is listed in the active alarm log. Each alarm is time/date stamped. The first alarm listed is the most recent. For information about responding to alarm messages, see pages 67-78. The active alarm log is also accessible via the maintenance menu (see page 78).

Installation Considerations

Active Alarm Log Density Alarm 17-JUL-98 8:30 Temperature Alarm 10-JUL-98 9:04 Alarm-Meas Paused 10-JUL-98 5:10

HELP

EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

5.6

LCD options
View LCD options

LCD Options Contrast LCD Backlight

Display contrast can be adjusted for operator preference. After selecting LCD Options from the View menu: Select Contrast to adjust the screen contrast Select LCD Backlight to turn screen backlighting on or off

Configuration

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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47

Using the View Menu continued 5.7 Diagnostic monitor

View Diagnostic monitor

Diagnostic Monitor Drive Gain 2.580 V Tube Frequency 89.23 Hz Live Zero 0.01 lb/min

The diagnostic monitor shows real-time values for drive gain, sensor flow tube frequency, and live zero. Drive gain is useful for indicating transient bubbles in the sensor flow tubes. To configure the NOC for transient bubble remediation, see pages 21-23. Tube frequency is useful for troubleshooting fault alarms. To troubleshoot fault alarms, see pages 75-77. Live zero is useful for monitoring the indicated flow rate when it drops below the mass low flow cutoff, or when there is no flow. To configure the mass low flow cutoff, see page 25.

EXIT

5.8

Applications list

The applications list shows all applications that are installed and the software revision for each. Refer to this screen if you need to know the software revision number to report problems.

5.9

Power outage
View Power outage

The power outage menu enables you to view the power off and power on times and dates for the last three power outages that lasted more than 30 seconds. To clear times and dates, press CLEAR.
1998 1998 1998 1998 EXIT

Power Outage #3 Power Off At 06:00 28 OCT #3 Power On At 06:30 28 OCT #2 Power Off At 08:02 2 AUG #2 Power On At 08:05 2 AUG CLEAR

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Before You Begin

Continuous Mode

Installation Considerations

6.1

Continuous mode configuration Startup and display test

To configure the NOC to operate in continuous mode, see page 16.

6.2

At startup, the transmitter automatically tests its display. During display testing, all pixels darken for approximately five seconds. After the display test is completed: 1. The Micro Motion logo appears. 2. An application list appears. 3. The transmitter enters the operation mode, as shown in Figure 6-1.

Using the Person-Process Interface

6.3 6.4

Process monitor Accessing continuous mode

The process monitor is the default operation mode. See Figure 6-1.

To access the continuous mode, press VIEW.

Figure 6-1. Process monitor mode

Configuration

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow
Backlit display

4,352.33
bpd Volume Total 56,485.88 bbl
NEXT PRINT VIEW

Cursor control buttons

Using the View Menu

Function buttons

Security button

Continuous Mode

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49

Continuous Mode continued 6.5 Viewing production measurements

View Well performance meas

To view production measurements: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Well Performance Meas. 3. Select View Production Meas.

Well Performance Meas View Production Meas Quick View Pause / Resume Reset

SEL

HELP

EXIT

4. Select any of the production measurements that are listed in Table 6-1, page 51.
View Production Meas Net Oil Water Cut Gross Flow Net Water Drive Gain Density Temperature Back Flow Mass Flow Uncorrected Flow SEL EXIT

Net Oil Actual Rate

13,110 bpd Average Rate 13,050 bpd Minimum Flow 12,111 bpd Minimum Time/Date 08:23 28 SEPT 98 EXIT

For net oil, water cut, net water, density, temperature, mass flow, and uncorrected flow, the display indicates the actual value, the average value, the minimum and maximum values, the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved, and the time and date of the last reset. For drive gain and back flow, the display indicates the actual value, the average value, the maximum value, the time and date when the maximum value was achieved, and the time and date of the last reset.

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Before You Begin

Continuous Mode continued

View Well performance meas View production meas Temperature

Drive gain, density, temperature, and back flow menus have an individual RESET button for each, which enables resetting of these individual values in the menu. Drive gain, density, temperature, and back flow are also reset when well performance measurements are reset (see page 54).

Installation Considerations

Actual Temperature 123.4 degF Average Temperature 122.7 degF Minimum Temperature 112.6 degF Minimum Time/Date 08:23 28 SEPT 98 RESET EXIT

Temperature

Using the Person-Process Interface

Table 6-1. Continuous production measurements

Note For net oil, water cut, net water, density, temperature, mass flow, and uncorrected flow, the NOC indicates the actual value, the average value, the minimum and maximum values, the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved, and the time and date of the last reset For drive gain and back flow, the NOC indicates the actual value, the average value, the maximum value, the time and date when the maximum value was achieved, and the time and date of the last reset Production measurement Definition Net oil Net oil, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Net oil cannot be reset in this menu Water cut Water cut as 0% to 100% at 60F, 15C, or 20C Water cut cannot be reset in this menu Gross flow Flow rate of oil and water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Gross flow cannot be reset in this menu Net water Net water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Net water cannot be reset in this menu Drive gain Sensor drive gain in volts Recorded drive gain can be reset individually Density Fluid density, in density unit selected during configuration During transient bubble remediation, the density at which the measurement is being held, if hold last value was selected as the action taken (see pages 21-23) Density can be reset individually Temperature Fluid temperature, in temperature unit selected during configuration Temperature can be reset individually Back flow Actual volume flow rate in reverse direction Back flow can be reset individually Mass flow Mass flow rate of all fluid Mass flow cannot be reset in this menu Uncorrected flow Select any of these production measurements that are not corrected for temperature: - Uncorrected oil - Uncorrected water - Uncorrected water cut - Uncorrected gross Uncorrected flow cannot be reset in these menus

Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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51

Continuous Mode continued 6.6 Quick view

The quick view menu allows you to view the following values: Average net oil rate Net oil total Average water cut Average gross rate Gross total Average/total since last reset Test time elapsed To access the quick view menu: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Well Performance Meas. 3. Select Quick View.

View Well performance meas Quick view

Average Net Oil Rate 30,110.98 bpd Net Oil Total 7,654,321.89 bbl Average Water Cut 12.11 % Average Gross Rate 724.29 bpd EXIT

Quick View

6.7

Pause and resume

View Well performance meas Pause / resume

To pause or resume the accumulation of production measurements: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Well Performance Meas. 3. Select Pause / Resume.

Well Performance Meas View Production Meas Quick View Pause / Resume Reset

SEL

HELP

EXIT

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ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Before You Begin

Continuous Mode continued

4. To pause accumulation of production measurements, press PAUSE.

Installation Considerations

Pause / Resume Production Meas Resumed

PAUSE

EXIT

Using the Person-Process Interface

5. To resume accumulation of production measurements, press RESUME.

DEVICE 1 Production Measurements are on

Pause
Paused Time 0:08 hrs:min

Configuration

RESUME

EXIT

Alarm-Meas Paused Net Oil Actual Rate

Fifteen minutes after measurements have been paused, the transmitter produces an alarm message that reads, "Meas Paused." Press ACK to acknowledge the alarm. The "Meas Paused" alarm will be produced every 15 minutes until measurements are resumed.

Using the View Menu

13,110 bpd Average Rate 13,050 bpd Minimum Flow 12,111 bpd Minimum Time/Date 08:23 28 SEPT 98 ACK

Continuous Mode

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53

Continuous Mode continued 6.8 Reset

View Well performance meas Reset

To reset performance measurements: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Well Performance Meas. 3. Select Reset. 4. When the warning screen appears, select YES to continue to with the reset.

Well Performance Meas View Production Meas Quick View Pause / Resume Reset

WARNING
Selecting reset will reset all of the performance measurement totals, averages, minimums, and maximums at once. Set control devices for manual operation before selecting reset.

SEL

HELP

EXIT

The display shows the time and date of the last reset, the total amount of time well performance measurements have been paused since the last reset, and the elapsed test time since the last reset.
Reset Last Reset All 19:07 28 SEPT 1998 Paused Time 0:00 hrs:min Test Time Elapsed 22:52 hrs:min

RESET

EXIT

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ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

Well Test Mode

Well Test Mode

Maintenance

7.1

Well test mode configuration Startup and display test

To configure the NOC to operate in the well test mode, see page 16.

7.2

At startup, the transmitter automatically tests its display. During display testing, all pixels darken for approximately five seconds. After the display test is completed: 1. The Micro Motion logo appears. 2. An application list appears. 3. The transmitter enters the operation mode, as shown in Figure 7-1.

Laboratory Density Determination

7.3 7.4

Process monitor Accessing well test mode

The process monitor is the default operation mode. See Figure 7-1.

To access the well test mode, press VIEW.

Figure 7-1. Process monitor mode

In-Line Density Determination

DEVICE 1

Volume Flow
Backlit display

352.33
bpd Volume Total 485.88 bbl
NEXT PRINT VIEW

Cursor control buttons

Sensitivity Analysis

Function buttons

Security button

Software Diagrams

ALTUS Net Oil Computer Manual

55

Well Test Mode continued 7.5 Conducting a well test

View Well performance meas

To conduct a well test: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Well Performance Meas. 3. Select Start Well Test.

Well Performance Meas Start Well Test View Well Tests

SEL

EXIT

4. Select the menu item for the number of the well that will be tested, then press CHG.

Start Well Test Wells 1 to 12 Wells 13 to 24 Wells 25 to 36 Wells 37 to 48 CHG EXIT

5. Select the well that will be tested, then press SAVE.

Wells 1 to 12 01: 02: 03: 04: 05: 06: 07: 08: Tinsley 22-14b N Cowden 24-17a R Dutton 36-13c B Olsen 23-15d 13-24-44-5E6 08-11-23-6E2 18-44-04-3W5 12-28-36-6W7

SAVE

EXIT

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Well Test Mode

Well Test Mode continued

6. Press START to start the well test.

Well #1 Well Name Tinsley 22-14b Last Test 09:32 21 OCT 1998

Maintenance

START

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

DEVICE 1 01: Tinsley

On Test
Purge Time Remaining 26:31 STOP VIEW EXIT

If purge time is zero, the NOC first indicates test time as zero, then begins counting. If purge time is not zero, the NOC counts downward and indicates the purge time. When the purge is completed, the elapsed test time is displayed, and continues increasing throughout the test. To monitor performance measurements while the test is in progress, press VIEW. For more information, see page 60. To stop the test, press STOP For more . information, see pages 58-59.

In-Line Density Determination

When the purge is complete, the NOC indicates the start time and elapsed time for the test. The Test Started time is the time when the purge was completed and the well test began.
DEVICE 1 01: Tinsley

Sensitivity Analysis

On Test
Test Started 14:33 28 OCT 1998 Test Time Elapsed 2:30:13 STOP VIEW EXIT

Software Diagrams

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57

Well Test Mode continued 7.6 Stopping and continuing a well test

To stop a well test, press STOP .

DEVICE 1 01: Tinsley

On Test
Test Started 14:33 28 OCT 1998 Test Time Elapsed 2:30:13 STOP VIEW EXIT

To stop the test, press YES. To continue the test, press NO.

01: Tinsley

Stop Well Test?

YES

NO

To test the next well in the sequence, press NEXT. To start a new test on the same well, press START.

DEVICE 1 01: Tinsley

Test Stop
Test Started 14:33 28 OCT 1998 Test Time Elapsed 2:30:13 NEXT START EXIT

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Well Test Mode

Well Test Mode continued

If a well test has been stopped, then NEXT has been pressed as explained on page 58, the next well in the sequence can be tested.
Well #2 Well Name N. Cowden 24-17a Last Test 14:30 22 OCT 1998

Maintenance

START

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

Well #1

To test the same well again after a test has been stopped as explained on page 58, press YES. To return to the well selection screen that is illustrated at step 5 (page 56), press NO.

Test this well again?

In-Line Density Determination

YES

NO

To purge the well again, press YES. To start a test without purging the well, press NO.
Sensitivity Analysis

Well #1

Purge this well again?

YES

NO

Software Diagrams

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Well Test Mode continued 7.7 Viewing performance measurements

During a well test, you can view on-line values of performance measurements by pressing VIEW.

DEVICE 1 01: Tinsley

On Test
Test Started 14:33 28 OCT 1998 Test Time Elapsed 2:30:13 STOP VIEW EXIT

Actual Net Oil Rate 14,223.88 bpd Average Net Oil Rate 14,010.99 bpd Actual Water Cut 12.01 % Average Water Cut 11.89 % RETURN HELP EXIT

Well #1

The NOC indicates the following performance measurements: Actual net oil flow rate Average net oil flow rate Actual water cut Average water cut Actual gross flow rate Average gross flow rate Actual fluid density. During transient bubble remediation, the density at which the measurement is being held, if hold last value was selected as the action taken (see pages 21-23) Actual fluid temperature To view detailed performance measurements for a well that is being tested, see pages 61-62.

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Well Test Mode continued 7.8 Viewing performance measurements for the current test
View Well performance meas

To view detailed performance measurements for the well that is being tested: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Well Performance Meas. 3. Select View Current Test. This menu item appears only while a well test is in progress.

Well Performance Meas Return to Well Test View Well Tests View Current Test

Maintenance

SEL

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

4. Select any of the performance measurements that are listed in Table 7-1, page 62.
01: Tinsley Net Oil Water Cut Gross Flow Net Water Drive Gain Density Temperature Back Flow Mass Flow Uncorrected Flow Test Times SEL EXIT

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Well Test Mode continued

Actual Rate 13,110.87 bpd Average Rate 13,050.09 bpd Minimum Flow 12.111.07 bpd Minimum Time/Date 08:23 28 SEPT 1998 EXIT

Net Oil

For each performance measure except test times, the NOC indicates the actual value, the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved.

Table 7-1. Performance measurements for current well test

Note For each performance measurement except test times, the NOC indicates the actual value, the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved Performance measure Net oil Water cut Gross flow Net water Drive gain Density Temperature Back flow Mass flow Uncorrected flow Definition Net oil, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Water cut as 0% to 100% at 60F, 15C, or 20C Volume flow of oil and water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Net water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Sensor drive gain in volts Fluid density, in density unit selected during configuration Fluid temperature, in temperature unit selected during configuration Reverse flow rate of all fluid Mass flow rate of all fluid Select any of these performance measurements that are not corrected for temperature: Uncorrected oil Uncorrected water Uncorrected water cut Uncorrected gross View the following times: Test started Test time elapsed Transient bubble time

Test times

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Well Test Mode

Well Test Mode continued 7.9 Viewing previous well tests

View Well performance meas

To view performance measurements for well tests that have been completed: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Well Performance Meas. 3. Select View Well Tests.

Well Performance Meas

Maintenance

Start Well Test View Well Tests

SEL

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

4. Select the menu item for the number of the well that has been tested, then press CHG.

Start Well Test Wells 1 to 12 Wells 13 to 24 Wells 25 to 36 Wells 37 to 48 CHG EXIT

In-Line Density Determination

5. Select a well that has already been tested, then press SAVE.
Sensitivity Analysis

Wells 1 to 12 01: 02: 03: 04: 05: 06: 07: 08: Tinsley 22-14b N Cowden 24-17a R Dutton 36-13c B Olsen 23-15d 13-24-44-5E6 08-11-23-6E2 18-44-04-3W5 12-28-36-6W7

SAVE

EXIT

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Well Test Mode continued

6. Select the time and date of the test for which performance measurements will be viewed. The listed time is the time when the purge was completed and the well test began.
Well #1 01:42 14 OCT 1998 10:12 13 SEP 1998 09:04 14 AUG 1998

SEL

HELP

EXIT

7. Select any of the performance measurements that are listed in Table 7-2, page 65.
01: Tinsley Net Oil Water Cut Gross Flow Net Water Drive Gain Density Temperature Back Flow Mass Flow Uncorrected Flow Test Times SEL EXIT

For each performance measure except test times, the NOC indicates the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved.
Average Rate 13,050.09 bpd Minimum Flow 12.111.07 bpd Minimum Time/Date 08:23 28 SEPT 1998 Maximum Flow 14,097.45 bpd EXIT 01: Tinsley

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Before You Begin

Well Test Mode continued Table 7-2. Performance measurements for previous well tests
Note For each performance measurement except test times, the NOC indicates the average value, the minimum and maximum values, and the time and date when minimum and maximum values were achieved

Installation Considerations

Performance measure Net oil Water cut Gross flow Net water Drive gain Density Temperature Back flow Mass flow Uncorrected flow

Test times

Definition Net oil, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Water cut as 0% to 100% at 60F, 15C, or 20C Volume flow of oil and water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Net water, in barrels or cubic meters, at 60F, 15C, or 20C Sensor drive gain in volts Fluid density, in density unit selected during configuration Fluid temperature, in temperature unit selected during configuration Reverse flow rate of all fluid Mass flow rate of all fluid Select any of these performance measurements that are not corrected for temperature: Uncorrected oil Uncorrected water Uncorrected water cut Uncorrected gross View the following times: Test started Test time elapsed Transient bubble time

Using the Person-Process Interface Configuration Using the View Menu Continuous Mode

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Maintenance

Maintenance

8.1

Alarm messages

Actual Rate 13,110.87 bpd Average Rate 13,050.09 bpd Minimum Flow 12.111.07 bpd Minimum Time/Date 08:23 28 SEPT 1998 HELP ACK

Temperature Alarm Net Oil

The NOC performs self-diagnostics during operation. If the NOC detects certain events or conditions, an alarm message appears in the highlight bar at the top of the screen. If the alarm condition must be acknowledged, press ACK to acknowledge the alarm.

Laboratory Density Determination

Responding to alarms

Temperature Alarm Sensor temperature is outside the range of calculation accuracy for the NOC application. This range is 0 to 302 degF or -18 to 150 degC. EXIT

To respond to an alarm, press HELP then follow the , instructions on the screen. The help screen explains what the alarm means. The help screen will tell you what to do. You may be advised to perform an action, or to contact someone. If the help occupies more than one screen, you can read all the help screens by pressing PGDN (page down) or PGUP (page up).

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Maintenance continued NOC alarm messages

The NOC produces alarm messages in the following situations: Drive gain indicates transient bubbles in the Coriolis sensor. Process temperature or density goes outside the acceptable range for the application. Production measures have been paused for more than 15 minutes in the continuous operation mode. Table 8-1 summarizes NOC alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-1. Using NOC alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Alarm message TBR Alarm Cause Transient bubbles in Coriolis sensor Action Check for cavitation, flashing, or bubble carry-under Monitor density If desired, increase drive gain above which presence of transient bubbles will be indicated (see page 23) If desired, configure NOC to stop the well test if transient bubbles are detected (see page 23) If desired, configure NOC to hold last value (see page 23) Check drive gain to see if gas has caused low density Check drive gain to see if sediment has caused high density Bring temperature within acceptable limits Temperature is outside the specified accuracy range, but production is still being measured Acknowledge alarm Resume accumulation of production measurements

Density Alarm

Density has gone below 0.6100 g/cc or has gone above 1.1400 g/cc Temperature has gone below 0F (18C) or above 302F (150C) Production measurements have been paused for more than 15 minutes in continuous mode

Temperature Alarm

Pause Alarm

Transmitter alarm messages

The ALTUS transmitter produces several types of alarm messages. The following types of alarms do not drive outputs to fault levels: Slug flow and output saturation alarms Totalizer alarms Calibration and trim alarms Conditional status alarms The following types of alarms drive outputs to fault levels: Critical status fault alarms Transmitter failure fault alarms Sensor error fault alarms

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Well Test Mode

Maintenance continued Alarms that do not generate fault outputs

Slug flow alarms Conditions such as slug flow (large gas bubbles in a liquid flow stream) adversely affect sensor performance by causing erratic vibration of the flow tubes, which in turn causes the transmitter to produce inaccurate flow signals. If you program slug limits, a slug flow condition causes the transmitter to produce slug flow alarms. The "Slug Flow" alarm indicates slug flow has occurred for less than the amount of time that is configured for the slug time. Outputs indicating the flow rate remain at the last measured flow rate before the slug flow condition occurred. The "Slug Timeout" alarm indicates slug flow has occurred for more than the amount of time that is configured for the slug time. If the "Slug Timeout" alarm occurs, outputs indicating the flow rate go to the level that represents zero flow. All outputs other than flow rate outputs continue to indicate the measured value for the process variable. The flowmeter resumes normal operation when density stabilizes within the programmed slug flow limits. Slug time can be up to 300 seconds. If slug time is configured for 0.0 seconds, outputs indicating the flow rate will go to the level that represents zero flow as soon as slug flow is detected. Table 8-2 summarizes slug flow alarms and lists corrective actions.

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination

Table 8-2. Using slug flow alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Alarm message Slug Flow Cause Gas bubbles are causing density to go below low slug flow limit Solids are causing process density to exceed high slug flow limit Slug flow has occurred for more than amount of time configured for slug time Action Check process for cavitation, flashing, or leaks Monitor density If desired, enter new slug flow limits (see page 26) If desired, increase slug time (see page 26)

In-Line Density Determination

Slug Timeout

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Maintenance continued
Output saturation alarms If an output variable exceeds the upper range limit or goes below the lower range limit, the transmitter produces an output saturation alarm. The alarm can mean the output variable is outside appropriate limits for the process, or can mean measurement units need to be changed. Table 8-3 summarizes output saturation alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-3. Using output saturation alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Alarm message Freq. Out Saturated Cause Frequency output has exceeded 12,500 Hz Action Alter fluid process Change flow unit (see page 40) Change frequency and flow values, pulses per unit, or units per pulse (see pages 40-41) Alter fluid process Increase value of variable represented by milliamp output 1 at 20 mA (see page 39) Alter fluid process Decrease value of variable represented by milliamp output 1 at 4 mA (see page 39) Alter fluid process Increase value of variable represented by milliamp output 2 at 20 mA (see page 39) Alter fluid process Decrease value of variable represented by milliamp output 2 at 4 mA (see page 39) Fill sensor with process fluid Bring flow rate within sensor limit Purge flow tubes

mA Out 1 High Sat

Milliamp output 1 has exceeded 20.5 mA

mA Out 1 Low Sat

Milliamp output 1 has gone below 3.8 mA

mA Out 2 High Sat

Milliamp output 2 has exceeded 20.5 mA

mA Out 2 Low Sat

Milliamp output 2 has gone below 3.8 mA

Drive Overrange

Severely erratic or complete cessation of flow tube vibration Plugged flow tube

Totalizer alarms If the totalizers are operating, the transmitter produces totalizer alarms. Table 8-4 summarizes totalizer alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-4. Using totalizer alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Alarm message Inventory 1 Rollover Inventory 2 Rollover Inventory 3 Rollover Totalizer 1 Rollover Totalizer 2 Rollover Totalizer 3 Rollover Cause Inventory totalizer has exceeded rollover value and has rolled over to zero Process totalizer has exceeded rollover value and has rolled over to zero Action Press ACK to acknowledge alarm

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Well Test Mode

Maintenance continued
Calibration and trim alarms Calibration and trim alarms indicate the following conditions: An output state or value has been set in the diagnostics menu Calibration or output trim is in progress Calibration was aborted by the operator Calibration is complete Table 8-5 summarizes calibration and trim alarms and lists corrective actions.

Maintenance

Table 8-5. Using calibration and trim alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Alarm message mA Out 1 Fixed mA Out 2 Fixed Freq. Out Fixed Cal In Progress Cause Milliamp output 1 trim or simulation in progress Milliamp output 2 trim or simulation in progress Frequency output trim or simulation in progress Sensor zero calibration in progress Density calibration in progress Temperature calibration in progress Action Exit diagnostics menu

Laboratory Density Determination

Calibration Complete

Calibration Aborted

Sensor zero calibration complete Density calibration complete Temperature calibration complete User aborted sensor zero calibration User aborted density calibration User aborted temperature calibration

If "Calibration Complete" replaces "Cal In Progress", no action If "Calibration Failure" replaces "Cal In Progress" and sensor zero was performed, rezero after: - Eliminating mechanical noise, if possible - Completely shutting off flow - Ensuring interior of sensor junction box is completely dry If "Calibration Failure" replaces "Cal in Progress" and density or temperature calibration was performed, recalibrate for density or temperature Press ACK to acknowledge alarm

In-Line Density Determination

Re-initiate calibration procedure Existing calibration values will remain unchanged

Sensitivity Analysis Software Diagrams

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Maintenance continued
Conditional status alarms Conditional status alarms occur in the following situations: During normal startup During normal operation After power to the transmitter has been cycled After a master reset has been performed Table 8-6 summarizes conditional status alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-6. Using conditional status alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Alarm message Power Reset Cause Power failure Brownout Power cycle Master reset has been performed Software configuration contains default values EEPROM has been cleared and software upgrade has been downloaded Software configuration contains default values Person-Process Interface failed Action Check accuracy of totalizers

Master Reset EEPROM Initialized

Configure sensor calibration data (see pages 28-35) Do not operate transmitter until configuration has been verified Adjust screen contrast (see page 47) If problem persists, phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers) If problem persists, phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers)

PPI Fault

EEPROM Corrupt EEPROM Error

EEPROM has temporarily failed or been corrupted

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Well Test Mode

Maintenance continued Fault outputs

Outputs go to fault levels if a fault is detected. The transmitter also produces fault outputs when you perform configuration, calibration, or diagnostic tasks. See Table 8-7. The transmitter can be configured to produce downscale, upscale, last measured value, or internal zero fault outputs. See Table 8-8. To configure fault outputs, see page 37 and page 40. The default configuration for fault outputs is downscale.

Maintenance

Table 8-7. Fault output levels

Software mode Configuration Diagnostics Calibration Output simulation Output levels Fault level Fault level Active (outputs indicate measured values) Active (outputs indicate values at which they are set)

Laboratory Density Determination

CAUTION
Using last measured value or internal zero may hamper identification of fault outputs. To make sure fault outputs can be identified, select downscale or upscale.

Table 8-8. Configurations for fault outputs

Fault limit Downscale Fault value Milliamp outputs can be configured from 1.0 to 3.6 mA; default is 3.6 mA Pulse output goes to 0 Hz Milliamp outputs can be configured from 21.0 to 24.0 mA; default is 22.0 mA Pulse output goes to 15,000 Hz Outputs hold at mA value or frequency that represents the last measured value for the process variable before the fault occurred Milliamp outputs go to mA value that represents 0.0 for the process variable Pulse output goes to 0 Hz

In-Line Density Determination

Upscale

Last measured value

Internal zero

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Maintenance continued Critical status fault alarms

Critical status fault alarms occur in the same situations in which conditional status alarms occur (see page 72); however, critical status fault alarms drive outputs to fault levels. Table 8-9 summarizes critical fault alarms and lists corrective actions.

Table 8-9. Using critical status fault alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Alarm message Warming Up Cause Transmitter is performing self-test Outputs remain at fault levels until self-test is complete Sensor zero calibration failed Density calibration failed Temperature calibration failed Outputs remain at fault levels until calibration has been successfully completed Action Press ACK to acknowledge alarm

Calibration Failure

Charize Required

Master reset has been performed Software configuration contains default values Outputs remain at fault levels until transmitter has been configured

If sensor zero calibration was performed, rezero after: - Eliminating mechanical noise, if possible - Completely shutting off flow - Ensuring interior of sensor junction box is completely dry If density or temperature calibration was performed, recalibrate for density or temperature Configure sensor calibration data (see pages 28-35) Do not operate transmitter until configuration has been verified

Transmitter failure fault alarms

When a software or hardware failure occurs, the transmitter produces one of the fault alarms listed in Table 8-10. If any of the fault alarm messages listed in Table 8-10 appears on the screen, phone one of the Micro Motion Customer Service telephone numbers listed in Customer service, page 78.

CAUTION
Transmitter failure fault alarms are critical, and could result in measurement error. The transmitter does not have any parts that are serviceable by the user. If a transmitter failure is indicated, phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers).

Table 8-10. Using transmitter failure fault alarms

Alarm message Hardware Failure EEPROM Failure Cause Hardware has failed EEPROM has failed or been corrupted Action Phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers)

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Well Test Mode

Maintenance continued Fault alarms requiring troubleshooting

Some fault alarms require troubleshooting to isolate the problem that caused fault outputs to be produced. Fault alarms that require troubleshooting include: Sensor Failure Density Failure Temperature Failure Temperature Overrange RTD Failure

Maintenance

CAUTION
During troubleshooting the flowmeter could produce inaccurate output signals, resulting in measurement error. Set control devices for manual operation before troubleshooting the flowmeter.

Laboratory Density Determination

View Diagnostic monitor

Diagnostic Monitor Drive Gain 8.401 V Tube Frequency 100.759 Hz Live Zero 0.010 lb/min

If the transmitter produces fault outputs and any of the alarm messages listed at the top of this page appears on the screen, follow these steps to troubleshoot the problem: 1. Press ACK, repeatedly if necessary, to clear all the messages. 2. Press VIEW to access the view menu. 3. Select Diagnostic Monitor. 4. Read the voltage for the drive gain: a. If drive gain exceeds 8.0 volts or is unstable, see Table 8-11. b. If drive gain is less than 8.0 volts, go to step 5, page 76.

In-Line Density Determination

EXIT

Sensitivity Analysis

Table 8-11. Troubleshooting excessive drive gain

Symptom Drive gain exceeds 8.0 V or is unstable Cause Cavitation, flashing, or bubble carry-under Corrective action If possible, increase inlet pressure and/or back pressure If pump is mounted upstream from sensor, increase distance between pump and sensor Purge flow tubes Phone Micro Motion Customer Service (see page 78 for phone numbers) See step 6, page 77

Plugged flow tube Drive board failure Sensor imbalance Sensor failure

Software Diagrams

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Maintenance continued
5. Unplug sensor wiring terminal blocks at the transmitter. Figure 8-1 illustrates Model 3500 sensor wiring terminals. Figure 8-2 illustrates Model 3700 sensor wiring terminals.

Figure 8-1. Model 3500 sensor wiring terminals

brown white black (drains) red orange yellow green blue Connect outer braid of shielded or armored cable here violet gray yellow violet green blue brown black (drains) orange white gray red

Model 3500 with I/O cable (Terminal block attached to DIN rail)

Model 3500 with screw-type or solder-tail wiring connectors (Middle terminal block on back panel)

Figure 8-2. Model 3700 sensor wiring terminals

red brown yellow black (drains) violet orange green white blue gray

Model 3700 wiring terminals (Blue terminal block)

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Well Test Mode

Maintenance continued
6. Measure ohms of resistance between the three wire pairs and wire triplet at the sensor junction box. a. If all measured resistance values are within the ranges listed in Table 8-12, the sensor cable is faulty or improperly connected. Repair or replace the cable, or reconnect it according to the 9-Wire Cable Preparation and Installation Instruction Manual . b. If open or short circuits are found, the sensor case or junction box contains moisture, or the sensor is damaged. See Table 8-13.

Maintenance

Table 8-12. Nominal resistance ranges for flowmeter circuits

Notes Resistance values increase 0.38675 ohms per C increase in temperature Nominal resistance values will vary 40% per 100 C. However, confirming an open coil or shorted coil is more important than any slight deviation from the resistance values presented below Resistance across blue and gray wires (right pickoff circuit) should be within 10% of resistance across green and white wires (left pickoff circuit) Actual resistance values depend on the sensor model and date of manufacture Readings across wire pairs should be stable. If they are unstable, see Table 8-13 Sensor junction box wiring terminals 1 to 2 5 to 9 6 to 8 3 to 4 4 to 7

Laboratory Density Determination

Circuit Drive coil Left pickoff Right pickoff Lead length compensator Temperature sensor

Wire colors Brown to red Green to white Blue to gray Orange to yellow Yellow to violet

Nominal resistance range 8 to 2650 15.9 to 300 15.9 to 300 Approximately 0 to 1 100 at 0 C + 0.38675 per C

Table 8-13. Troubleshooting sensor error fault alarms

Notes To get help troubleshooting an alarm message, press HELP then follow the instructions , To acknowledge an alarm message, press ACK Resistance at sensor junction box All resistance values are within the ranges listed in Table 8-12

In-Line Density Determination

Cause Sensor cable is faulty Sensor cable is improperly connected

Open or short from green to white (terminal 5 to terminal 9) Open or short from blue to gray (terminal 6 to terminal 8) Open or short from red to brown (terminal 2 to terminal 1) Open or short from orange to yellow (terminal 3 to terminal 4)

Open or short from yellow to violet (terminal 4 to terminal 7)

Moisture in sensor case or junction box Open or short left pickoff Moisture in sensor case or junction box Open or short right pickoff Moisture in sensor case or junction box Open or short drive coil Moisture in sensor case or junction box Open or short lead length compensator Moisture in sensor case or junction box Open or short RTD

Alarm message Sensor Failure Density Failure Temperature Failure RTD Failure Temperature Overrange Sensor Failure Density Failure

Action Repair or replace cable Reconnect cable according to the 9-Wire Cable Preparation and Installation Instruction Manual If sensor case or junction box contains moisture, check for leaking junction box, conduit, or conduit seals If sensor case or junction box does not contain moisture, return sensor to Micro Motion

Sensitivity Analysis

Temperature Failure Temperature Overrange

Software Diagrams

RTD Failure Temperature Overrange

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Maintenance continued Active alarm log

ALARMS Active Alarm Log Density Alarm 17-JUL-98 8:30 Temperature Alarm 10-JUL-98 9:04 Alarm-Meas Paused 10-JUL-98 5:10

If the condition that caused an alarm is present, the alarm is listed in the active alarm log. Each alarm is time/date stamped. The first alarm listed is the most recent. The active alarm log can be accessed from the maintenance menu or the view menu. To access the log from the maintenance menu: 1. At the operation screen, press the security button. 2. Select Maintenance. 3. Select Active Alarm Log. To access the log from the view menu: 1. At the operation screen, press VIEW. 2. Select Active Alarm Log.

HELP

EXIT

8.2

Customer service

For Customer Service, phone the Micro Motion Customer Service Department: In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277, 24 hours. Outside the U.S.A., phone 303-530-8400, 24 hours. In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 443. In Asia, phone (65) 770-8155.

8.3

Setting outputs

The software allows you to set the states of discrete outputs or the values of milliamp outputs or the pulse output.

CAUTION
While diagnostic tasks are being performed outputs go to their configured settings, resulting in measurement error. Set control devices for manual operation before accessing the diagnostics menu.

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Maintenance continued Setting discrete outputs

Maintenance Diagnostics Simulate outputs Discrete outputs
ALARMS Discrete Outputs Discrete Output 1 YES Discrete Output 2 NO Discrete Output 3 NO

To set the state of a discrete output: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Maintenance. 3. Select Diagnostics. 4. Select Simulate Outputs. 5. Select Discrete Outputs. 6. Select the discrete output to be set. 7. Press CHG. 8. Use the cursor control buttons to toggle the output on or off. YES indicates the output is on. NO indicates the output is off. 9. Press SAVE to set the state of the output. When you return to the operation mode, the states of the outputs are released and are again controlled by the application.

Maintenance

SAVE

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

Setting milliamp outputs

Maintenance Diagnostics Simulate outputs Milliamp outputs
ALARMS Milliamp Outputs Milliamp Output 1 12.578 mA Milliamp Output 2 8.994 mA

To set the value of a milliamp output: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Maintenance. 3. Select Diagnostics. 4. Select Simulate Outputs. 5. Select Milliamp Outputs. 6. Select the milliamp output to be set. 7. Press CHG. 8. Use the cursor control buttons to change the output value. 9. Press SAVE to set the value. When you exit to the simulate outputs screen, the output goes to its configured fault setting.

In-Line Density Determination

SAVE

EXIT

When you return to the operation mode, the values of the outputs are released and are again controlled by the application.

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Maintenance continued Setting the frequency output

Maintenance Diagnostics Simulate outputs Frequency output
ALARMS Frequency Output Frequency Output 5,258 Hz

To set the value of the frequency output: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Maintenance. 3. Select Diagnostics. 4. Select Simulate Outputs. 5. Select Frequency Output. 6. Press CHG. 7. Use the cursor control buttons to change the output value. 8. Press SAVE to set the value. When you exit to the simulate outputs screen, the output goes to its configured fault setting. When you return to the operation mode, the value of the output is released and is again controlled by the application.

SAVE

EXIT

8.4

Density calibration

At the factory, Micro Motion calibrates each NOC to work with a specific sensor. The NOC requires a field density calibration in the following situations: The sensor flow tubes have become permanently coated. The sensor flow tubes have eroded. If density calibration is necessary, use any of the following methods to calibrate the NOC: Duplicate the factory calibration, as instructed on page 81. Duplicate a previous field calibration, as instructed on page 82. Use two fluids with known densities to perform a density calibration, as instructed on pages 83-86.

Density unit for calibration

Density calibration requires reading and entering density values in grams per cubic centimeter.

CAUTION
Selecting configuration will interrupt measurement and control functions. All outputs will go to their configured fault settings. Set control devices for manual operation before accessing configuration menus.

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Well Test Mode

Maintenance continued

Configuration Inputs Coriolis Config process var Density

Density Density Units

g/cc Density Damping 1.7 sec Slug Low Limit 0.000000 g/cc Slug High Limit 1.000000 g/cc CHG HELP EXIT

To change the density unit: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Configuration. 3. Select Inputs. 4. Select Coriolis. 5. Select Config Process Var. 6. Select Density. 7. At the density menu: a. Select Density Units. b. Press CHG. c. Select g/cc, then press SAVE.

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination

Duplicating the factory calibration

Configuration Inputs Coriolis Sensor cal data

Sensor Cal Data D1

0.000000 D2 1.000000 K1 5000.000 K2 50000.000 CHG HELP EXIT

To duplicate the factory calibration: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Configuration. 3. Select Inputs. 4. Select Coriolis. 5. Select Sensor Cal Data. 6. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to configure density calibration values. Density calibration values include D1 and D2 density values, K1 and K2 tube periods, the flowing density correction factor, and the density calibration temperature coefficient. To configure density calibration values, see pages 30-34. Density calibration values should be entered from the sensor serial number tag or factory calibration certificate. Tags and certificates vary in appearance, depending on the sensor model number and manufacturing date. See pages 30-33.

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Maintenance continued Duplicating a previous calibration

CAUTION
Selecting configuration will interrupt measurement and control functions. All outputs will go to their configured fault settings. Set control devices for manual operation before accessing configuration menus.

Configuration Inputs Coriolis Sensor cal data

Sensor Cal Data D1

To duplicate a previous calibration, refer to the density factors that are recorded in the NOC configuration record (Appendix A), then follow these steps: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Configuration. 3. Select Inputs. 4. Select Coriolis. 5. Select Sensor Cal Data. 6. Use the function buttons and the cursor control buttons to enter D1, D2, K1, K2, FD, and dens temp coeff values from the worksheet.

0.000000 D2 1.000000 K1 5000.000 K2 50000.000 CHG HELP EXIT

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Maintenance continued Two-point density calibration

During 2-point density calibration, you command the transmitter to measure the sensor tube period when the flow tubes contain a fluid with a reference low density (usually air) and when the flow tubes contain a fluid with a reference high density (usually water). Two-point density calibration is preferably performed under zero flow conditions. The calibration procedure includes a low-density calibration and a high-density calibration. If necessary, you can perform only the high-density calibration. To prepare for the density calibration: 1. Use produced water to flush the flow line. 2. Remove the sensor from the flow line. 3. Drain the fluid from the sensor. 4. Rinse the sensor tubes with toluene at least twice, then rinse the tubes with acetone at least twice. Use another oil solvent if toluene or acetone is not available. 5. Use compressed air to blow the sensor dry until residual acetone or other solvent has been completely evaporated. 6. If sensor wiring was disconnected at step 2, reconnect the wiring and cycle power off, then on. 7. Wait approximately 5 minutes for the sensor flow tubes to achieve the ambient air temperature.

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination

CAUTION
Selecting calibration will interrupt control functions. All control outputs will go to their configured idle settings. Set control devices for manual operation before accessing calibration menus.

In-Line Density Determination Sensitivity Analysis Software Diagrams

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83

Maintenance continued

Maintenance Calibration Density Low density

ALARMS Low Density Density D1 0.000000 g/cc Calibrate Density

CHG

HELP

EXIT

To perform the low-density calibration: 1. Prepare the sensor for density calibration as instructed on page 83. 2. Fill the sensor with a low-density fluid, such as air. 3. Use any established method to derive an accurate density, in grams per cubic centimeter, for the fluid at line conditions. If air is the lowdensity calibration fluid, a value from Table 8-14 can be used for the density. (Specific gravity x 0.9991 = grams per cubic centimeter.) 4. Press the security button on the display face. 5. Select Maintenance. 6. Select Calibration. 7. Select Density. 8. Select Low Density. 9. At the low density menu: 10. Select Density D1, then press CHG. 11. Enter the line-condition density in grams per cubic centimeter, then press SAVE. 12. Select Calibrate Density, then press CHG. 13. After calibration is complete, an alarm message appears at the top of the screen. Press ACK to acknowledge the alarm. 14. Press SAVE to save the calibration. 15. Perform the high-density calibration as instructed on pages 85-86.

Table 8-14. Density of air in grams per cubic centimeter

Pressure in millibar (inches of mercury) 850 (25.14) 900 (26.62) 950 (28.10) 1000 (29.57) 1050 (31.06) 10C 50F .0010 .0011 .0012 .0012 .0013 15C 59F .0010 .0011 .0011 .0012 .0013 20C 68F .0010 .0011 .0011 .0012 .0012 Temperature in C and F 25C 30C 35C 77F 86F 95F .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0010 .0011 .0011 .0011 .0012 .0011 .0011 .0012 .0012 .0012 40C 104F .0009 .0010 .0010 .0011 .0012 45C 113F .0009 .0010 .0010 .0011 .0011 50C 122F .0009 .0009 .0010 .0011 .0011

If the actual atmospheric pressure is not known, use the following equation:

Air density in g/cc = 0.0012 [ 1 ( 0.000032 Elevation in feet ) ]

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Maintenance continued
To perform the high-density calibration: 1. Perform the low-density calibration as instructed on page 84. 2. Press EXIT to return to the density menu. 3. Fill the sensor with a high-density fluid, such as tap water or distilled water. 4. If possible, shut off the flow. Otherwise, pump the fluid through the sensor at the lowest flow rate allowed by the process. The flow rate must be less than rate listed in Table 8-15, or the calibration will fail.

Maintenance

Table 8-15. Maximum flow rates for high-density calibration

Maximum flow rate Sensor model ELITE CMF010 CMF025 CMF050 CMF100 CMF200 CMF300 F025 F050 F100 F200 D6 D12 D25 D40 D65 D100 D150 D300 D600 DH6 DH12 DH25 DH38 DH100 DH150 DH300 DL65 DL100 DL200 DT65 DT100 DT150 lb/min 1 20 62 250 800 2500 10 31 125 400 0.5 1 6 11 75 200 700 1750 6250 0.5 1 6 12 200 700 1750 62 200 875 75 200 350 kg/h 27 545 1700 6800 21,775 68,040 272 850 3400 10,887 13 33 170 306 2040 5445 19,050 47,625 170,100 13 33 170 340 5445 19,050 47,625 1695 5445 23,812 2040 5445 9525

Laboratory Density Determination

BASIS

Model D

In-Line Density Determination

Model DH

Model DL

Sensitivity Analysis

Model DT

Software Diagrams

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85

Maintenance continued

Maintenance Calibration Density High density

ALARMS High Density Density D2 0.100000 g/cc Calibrate Density

CHG

HELP

EXIT

5. To ensure stable density, make sure the fluid in the flow tubes remains completely free of gas bubbles during the calibration. Using a rubber hammer, tap on the sensor case to dislodge any air bubbles that might be clinging to the flow tubes. 6. Wait approximately five minutes for the sensor tubes to achieve the same temperature as the high-density calibration fluid. 7. Use any established method to derive an accurate density, in grams per cubic centimeter, for the fluid at line conditions. If tap water is the high-density calibration fluid, a value from Table 8-16 can be used for the density. (Specific gravity x 0.9991 = grams per cubic centimeter.) 8. Select High Density. 9. At the high density menu: 10. Select Density D2, then press CHG. 11. Enter the line-condition density in grams per cubic centimeter, then press SAVE. 12. Select Calibrate Density, then press CHG. 13. After calibration is complete, an alarm message appears at the top of the screen. Press ACK to acknowledge the alarm. 14. Press SAVE to save the calibration.

Table 8-16. Density of water

Temperature F 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 C 0.0 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.9 4.4 5.0 5.6 6.1 6.7 7.2 7.8 8.3 8.9 9.4 10.0 10.6 11.1 11.7 12.2 12.8 13.3 13.9 14.4 Density in g/cc 0.9998 0.9998 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9997 0.9996 0.9996 0.9995 0.9995 0.9994 0.9994 0.9992 0.9992 Temperature F 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 C 15.0 15.6 16.1 16.7 17.2 17.8 18.3 18.9 19.4 20.0 20.6 21.1 21.7 22.2 22.8 23.3 23.9 24.4 25.0 25.6 26.1 26.7 27.2 27.8 28.3 28.9 29.4 30.0 Density in g/cc 0.9991 0.9991 0.9989 0.9989 0.9988 0.9987 0.9986 0.9984 0.9983 0.9982 0.9981 0.9980 0.9980 0.9979 0.9977 0.9975 0.9973 0.9972 0.9970 0.9969 0.9968 0.9966 0.9964 0.9963 0.9961 0.9960 0.9958 0.9956

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Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities

Reasons for using live oil density
To enable the most accurate possible water cut and net oil measurements, "live oil" density rather than "dead oil" density should be programmed into the NOC. "Live oil" refers to the crude oil at line conditions. Reducing the operating pressure to atmospheric pressure causes the live oil to lose its solution gas or light-end components and become a dead oil at a greater density than when it was under pressure. The difference between the density of live oil and the density of dead oil can be quite significant, depending on the gas-to-oil (GOR) ratio and the separator pressure and temperature. If dead oil density is used, water cut measurements will be too low, and net oil will be too high. This chapter describes the laboratory method for measuring dry oil and produced water densities. The method involves using a precision density meter to determine the density of a liquid sample taken from the flow line. The method requires correcting measured densities of dry oil and produced water to 60F. To obtain an IBM-compatible software program for computing corrected crude oil and produced water densities, phone the Micro Motion Customer Service Department: In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277, 24 hours. Outside the U.S.A., phone 303-530-8400, 24 hours. In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 443. In Asia, phone (65) 770-8155.

Maintenance

9.1

Laboratory Density Determination In-Line Density Determination

9.2

Laboratory density measurement

The laboratory method requires the equipment listed in Table 9-1.

Sensitivity Analysis

Table 9-1. Laboratory equipment for determining live oil and produced water densities
Equipment Suggested supplier Model number Precision lab density meter (0.0001 g/cc accuracy) Anton Paar DMA48* Pressure adaptor for density meter (80 psig or lower) High-pressure density measuring cell (80 psig or higher) DMA512 Thermostating circulating water bath Neslab RTE-1000 Stainless steel sample cylinders (500 ml capacity) Whitey 316L-HDF4-500 Stainless steel -inch valve SS-33VM4-S4 Stainless steel -inch tubing No specific supplier Nitrogen cylinder equipped with pressure regulator Pressure gauges *The standard Anton Paar density meter measures liquid density at atmospheric pressure. When fitted with a pressure adaptor, the meter can operate up to 80 psig. When coupled with an external stainless steel measuring cell such as the Model DMA512, the DMA48 can measure liquid density up to 5500 psig.

Software Diagrams

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87

Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities continued Taking a sample from the flow line

Locate the sample port downstream from the sensor, as shown in Figure 9-1. The sampling port should protrude into the flow line, with the probe opening situated near the center of the flow pipe. To ensure a representative sampling, install a static mixer immediately upstream from the sample port. Use one of the following sampling procedures: Method 1 involves using a water-filled sample cylinder if separator pressure is higher than 80 psig, or where flexible stainless steel tubing is not available. Method 2 involves using an empty sample cylinder if separator pressure is less than 80 psig, or where flexible stainless steel tubing is available.

Figure 9-1. Sample port for laboratory density measurement

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Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

Method 1 Use a water-filled sample cylinder if separator pressure is higher than 80 psig, or when flexible stainless steel tubing is not available. 1. Fill the clean sample cylinder with produced water, preferably the water from the well being tested or water with similar salinity. Pressurizing the sample cylinder is not necessary. 2. Connect the sample cylinder to the sampling port as shown in Figure 9-2. Close V-1, V-2, V-3, and V-4. 3. Open V-1, then open V-4 to purge the connecting lines briefly. Close V-4 and open V-2 to equalize the pressure in the sample cylinder. 4. Slowly open V-3 to draw liquid into the sample cylinder and to displace the water in the sample cylinder. 5. Close V-3 when a trace of oil appears at the drain port. 6. Wait for a few minutes to allow the free water to settle in the sample cylinder. The wait time varies, depending on whether the oil and water are readily separable. 7. Slowly open V-3 to drain the free water from the bottom drain port and to allow additional liquid sample to flow into the sample cylinder. Close V-3 when a trace of oil appears at the drain port. 8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 several times until the amount of free water drained is less than 50 ml. This indicates that a sufficient amount of oil/water emulsion has been collected in the sample cylinder. 9. Close V-1, V-2, and V-3. Open V-4 to depressurize the sample line. 10. Remove the sample cylinder. Record well I.D., sample pressure, and sample temperature.

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination

Figure 9-2. Laboratory sampling procedure using water-filled cylinder

In-Line Density Determination Sensitivity Analysis Software Diagrams

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Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

Method 2 Use an empty sample cylinder if separator pressure is less than 80 psig, or where flexible stainless steel tubing is available. 1. Connect an empty sample cylinder to the sampling port as shown in Figure 9-3(A), with V-1, V-2, V-3 and V-4 closed. The outlet port should point upward at about 75 degrees from horizontal. 2. Open V-1, then open V-2. 3. Slowly open V-3 to withdraw liquid sample into the sample cylinder and purge the air out of the sample cylinder. Close V-3 when a trace of liquid appears at the outlet port. 4. Secure the sample cylinder to a support base as shown in Figure 9-3(B). Outlet V-3 should point downward. 5. Wait for a few minutes to allow the free water to separate in the sample cylinder. The wait time varies, depending on whether oil and water are readily separable. 6. Slowly open V-3 slowly to drain the free water from V-3 and withdraw oil/water mixture into the sample cylinder. Close V-3 when a trace of oil appears at the outlet port. 7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 several times until the amount of free water drained is less than about 50 ml. This indicates that a sufficient amount of oil/water emulsion has been collected in the sample cylinder. 8. Close V-1, V-2, and V-3. Open V-4 to depressurize the sample lines. 9. Remove the sample cylinder. Record well I.D., sample pressure, and temperature.

Figure 9-3. Laboratory sampling procedure using empty cylinder

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Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities continued Processing sample and measuring densities

1. Secure the sample cylinder in an upright position for a sufficient period of time (overnight, for example) to allow additional free water to settle. If the emulsion is very tight, place the entire sample cylinder in a heated oven or hot bath, or use a temperatureregulated heating tape to enhance oil-water separation. 2. If the sample cylinder is heated, allow it to cool to ambient temperature before proceeding. 3. Connect the sample cylinder between the nitrogen cylinder and a high precision laboratory density meter. If operating pressure is lower than 80 psig, use the setup shown in Figure 9-4, page 92. If operating pressure is higher than 80 psig, use the setup shown in Figure 9-5, page 92. 4. Close all valves (V-1 through V-6). 5. Set nitrogen pressure at 10 psi higher than the separator pressure. 6. Calibrate the laboratory density meter in accordance with manufacturer's instruction. To prevent flashing of solution gas in the crude oil, set the temperature of the density meter at least 10F below the separator temperature. 7. Slowly open V-1 and V-2 to equalize the pressure in the sample cylinder. Leave V-1 and V-2 open throughout the entire density determination process. 8. Open V-3, then slowly open V-4 to drain the free water into a beaker. Save about 20 ml of clean water for later use. 9. Continue to drain the remaining free water from the sample cylinder until a trace of crude oil appears in the outlet port. Continue to drain and discard about 10 ml of oil water mixture. Close V-4. 10. Slowly open V-5 to equalize the pressure in the density meter. 11. Slowly open V-6 downstream from the density meter to allow a few milliliters of crude oil to flow through the density meter. Turn on the compartment light of the density meter to make sure no gas bubbles are present in the density meter tube. 12. Turn off the compartment light of the density meter. Wait a few minutes for the displayed density reading to stabilize. 13. Repeat steps 11 and 12 several times until the difference between the two consecutive density readings is less than or equal to 0.0002 g/cc. 14. Slowly open V-6 and drain about 60 to 70 ml of the sample into a separate container. 15. Record the density of the sample remaining in the density meter. Record the density reading as "emulsion" density (Det). 16. Use a centrifuge method or another acceptable method (distillation, Karl-Fischer, etc.) to determine the water cut of the oil/water mixture sample collected in step 14. Report the water cut value as Xw, in volume fraction. 17. If the low-pressure setup in Figure 9-4 is used, disassemble the pressure adaptor from the density meter and use a proper solvent to clean the density meter. 18. Using a plastic-tip hypodermic syringe, inject the produced water obtained at step 8 into the density meter. Report the reading as Dwt a ("a" stands for atmospheric pressure).

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination In-Line Density Determination Sensitivity Analysis Software Diagrams

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Laboratory Determination of Dry Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

19. Apply a small compressibility term to correct the water density from atmospheric to separator pressure, as follows:
Dwt = Dwt a + 0.000003 Ps

Figure 9-4. Laboratory density measurement system, low pressure

Figure 9-5. Laboratory density measurement system, high pressure

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10

In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities

To enable the most accurate possible water cut and net oil measurements, "live oil" density rather than "dead oil" density should be programmed into the NOC. "Live oil" refers to the crude oil at line conditions. Reducing the operating pressure to atmospheric pressure causes the live oil to lose its solution gas or light-end components and become a dead oil at a greater density than when it was under pressure. The difference between the density of live oil and the density of dead oil can be quite significant, depending on the gas-to-oil (GOR) ratio and the separator pressure and temperature. If dead oil density is used, water cut measurements will be too low, and net oil will be too high. This chapter describes the in-line method for measuring dry oil and produced water densities, using the density determination software in the ALTUS NOC.

Maintenance

10.1 Reasons for using live oil density

Laboratory Density Determination

10.2 In-line density determination

Use the in-line method for determining dry oil and produced water densities in situations where dry oil or a stable emulsion can be obtained under separator conditions.
In-Line Density Determination

Density determination procedures

Density determination involves the following procedures: Measuring and saving or manually entering the water density. (Manual entry is usually done when water cut is low. Obtain a water sample from the water trap or drain cock on the separator.) Measuring and saving the oil density. Entering the water cut.

CAUTION
Sensitivity Analysis Selecting calibration will interrupt control functions. All control outputs will go to their configured idle settings. Set control devices for manual operation before accessing calibration menus.

Software Diagrams

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued Measuring and saving the water density
Maintenance Calibration Density determination

Which Well? Wells 1 to 12 Wells 13 to 24 Wells 25 to 36 Wells 37 to 48 CHG EXIT

To determine water density by measuring and saving density and temperature values: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Maintenance. 3. Select Calibration. 4. Select Density Determination. 5. If the NOC is configured to operate in well test mode, select the number of the well that will be determined, then press CHG. If the NOC is configured to operate in continuous mode, skip to step 8.

Wells 1 to 12 01: 02: 03: 04: 05: 06: 07: 08: Tinsley 22-14b N Cowden 24-17a R Dutton 36-13c B Olsen 23-15d 13-24-44-5E6 08-11-23-6E2 18-44-04-3W5 12-28-36-6W7

6. Select the well that will be determined, then press SAVE. 7. Switch in the well to be determined, making sure the production fluid from the previous well has been completely purged. This can be done by leaving the well flowing into the separator for a sufficient length of time, or draining the test separator completely before switching the well.

SAVE

EXIT

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

8. The display indicates the time and date of the last water density and oil density determination. Press YES to continue the density determination procedure.
Well #1 Last Water Density 09:32 21 OCT 1998 Last Oil Density 10:15 21 OCT 1998 Continue?

Maintenance

YES

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

9. Select Water Density.

Density Determination Water Density Oil Density Enter Water Cut

In-Line Density Determination

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Water Density Manually Enter Measure & Save

10. Select Measure & Save. 11. Switch out the well that is connected to the test separator. 12. Close the outlet valve (the one located downstream from the sensor). Wait for the phases to separate in the separator. The separation usually requires 5 to 15 minutes. See Figure 10-1.

Sensitivity Analysis

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Software Diagrams

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

13. Press RESET to reset the volume total to 0. Resetting the volume total enables you to monitor the amount of fluid that remains in the separator, if the separator volume is known. To approximate the amount of fluid in the separator, see pages 97-98. 14. Open the outlet valve to allow the free water accumulated in the separator to flow through the sensor. 15. Monitor the density and temperature, watching for readings to stabilize.

Measure & Save Actual Water Density 1.0123 g/cc Actual Temperature 98.6 degF Volume 0.2 bbl Actual Rate 352.2 bbl/day START RESET EXIT

Figure 10-1. Stratification with no flow

Oil Emulsion layer Water Outlet valve

Sensor

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

Table 10-1. Approximate capacity of cylindrical vessels

Note When measurements are in feet:

Gallons of liquid in tank = P D D L 5.875

Level in tank 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Value of P 1 0.948 0.8577 0.7477 0.6265 0.5 0.3735 0.2523 0.1423 0.052

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination

Figure 10-2. Diameter and length of cylindrical vessel

/

In-Line Density Determination

'

Table 10-2. Approximate capacity of spherical ends

Note For vessels with spherical ends, add the following amounts in gallons:

Sensitivity Analysis

Level in tank 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10%

4 256 249 229 201 166 128 90 55 27 7

Tank diameter in feet 6 8 864 2048 840 1991 774 1835 677 1606 560 1327 432 1024 304 721 187 442 90 213 24 57

10 4000 3888 3584 3136 2592 2000 1408 864 416 112

Software Diagrams

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

Example:

Find the approximate number of gallons of liquid in a horizontal vessel with spherical ends if the vessel has a diameter of 4 feet, a length of 10 feet, and a liquid level at 2 feet, 9 inches. A liquid level of 2 feet, 9 inches is approximately 70% of the capacity of a tank with a 4-foot diameter: 2.75 feet ---------------------- = 68 % full 4 feet 0.7477 x D x D x 10 x 5.875 = 702.8 gallons, or approximately 703 gallons. Add 201 gallons to 703 gallons for the spherical ends. The approximate amount of liquid in the tank is 904 gallons, or 21 barrels.

Measure & Save Actual Water Density 1.0123 g/cc Actual Temperature 98.6 degF Volume 0.2 bbl Actual Rate 358.3 bbl/day START RESET EXIT

16. When density and temperature readings stabilize, press START. The NOC averages water density and temperature values for the amount of time programmed for the water density average (see page 18 or page 21). If you wish to stop the procedure while the water density and temperature are being averaged, press STOP.

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

17. After the NOC has averaged the water density and temperature for the programmed amount of time, the screen at left appears. 18. Compare the average water density at reference temperature (Av Watr Density @ Ref) to the water density that is currently being used (Current Dens @ Ref). To save the averaged water density at the reference temperature, press SAVE. To continue using the water density that is currently being used, press EXIT. To average the water density again, repeat steps 1-16.

Measure & Save Av Watr Density @ Ref 1.0124 g/cc Av Water Density at 10:15 29 OCT 1998 Current Dens @ Ref 1.0125 g/cc Current Dens Saved 10:54 3 MAR 1998 SAVE HELP EXIT

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination

Manually entering the water density

If the separator does not contain enough water to determine a stable flowing density, use the manual entry method to determine water density and temperature. To determine water density by manually entering density and temperature values: 1. Press the security button on the display face. 2. Select Maintenance. 3. Select Calibration. 4. Select Density Determination. 5. If the NOC is configured to operate in well test mode, select the number of the well that will be determined, then press CHG. If the NOC is configured to operate in continuous mode, skip to step 8.

Maintenance Calibration Density determination

In-Line Density Determination

Which Well? Wells 1 to 12 Wells 13 to 24 Wells 25 to 36 Wells 37 to 48 CHG EXIT

Sensitivity Analysis Software Diagrams

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

6. Select the well that will be determined, then press SAVE. 7. Switch in the well to be tested, making sure the production fluid from the previous well has been completely purged. This can be done by leaving the well flowing into the separator for a sufficient length of time, or draining the test separator completely before switching the well.

Wells 1 to 12 01: 02: 03: 04: 05: 06: 07: 08: Tinsley 22-14b N Cowden 24-17a R Dutton 36-13c B Olsen 23-15d 13-24-44-5E6 08-11-23-6E2 18-44-04-3W5 12-28-36-6W7

SAVE

EXIT

8. The display indicates the time and date of the last water density and oil density determination. Press YES to continue the density determination procedure.
Well #1 Last Water Density 09:32 21 OCT 1998 Last Oil Density 10:15 21 OCT 1998 Continue?

YES

EXIT

9. Select Water Density.

Density Determination Water Density Oil Density Enter Water Cut

SEL

HELP

EXIT

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

10. Select Manually Enter. 11. Switch out the well that is connected to the test separator. 12. Close the outlet valve (the one located downstream from the sensor). Wait for the phases to separate in the separator. The separation usually requires 5 to 15 minutes. 13. Take a water sample from the bottom of the test separator or the water trap. See Figure 10-3. 14. Place a lid on the sample container and allow the sample to cool to near-ambient temperature. 15. Use a hygrometer to measure the water density and a thermometer to measure the water temperature. See Figure 10-4.

Water Density Manually Enter Measure & Save

Maintenance

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

Figure 10-3. Taking a water sample from the separator

Oil

In-Line Density Determination

Emulsion layer

Outlet valve

Water sample container Sensor

Figure 10-4. Using a hygrometer to measure water density

Sensitivity Analysis
Hygrometer

Water sample container

Software Diagrams

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

16. The display indicates the water density and reference temperature that are currently being used.
Water Density Water Density 1.0000 g/cc Water Temperature 60.00 degF Calculate at Ref

CHG

HELP

EXIT

Water Density Water Density 1.0025 g/cc Water Temperature 98.61 degF Calculate at Ref

17. At the water density screen: a. Enter the water sample density that was measured at step 15. (Specific gravity x 0.9991 = grams per cubic centimeter.) b. Enter the water sample temperature that was measured at step 15. c. Select Calculate at Ref, then press CHG. The NOC then calculates the water density at the reference temperature.

CHG

HELP

EXIT

Manually Enter Watr Density @ Ref 1.0087 g/cc Water Density at 10:15 29 OCT 1998 Current Dens @ Ref 1.0083 g/cc Current Dens Saved 10:54 3 MAR 1998 SAVE HELP EXIT

18. Compare the entered water density at reference temperature (Watr Density @ Ref) to the water density that is currently being used (Current Dens @ Ref). To save the entered water density at the reference temperature, press SAVE. To continue using the water density that is currently being used, press EXIT.

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued Measuring and saving the oil density

Density Determination Water Density Oil Density Enter Water Cut

To measure and save the oil density: 1. Allow the fluid level in the separator to drop by continuing to drain water from the bottom of the shut-in separator, through the outlet valve 2. At the density determination screen, select Oil Density.

Maintenance

SEL

HELP

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

Oil Density Actual Oil Density 0.8765 g/cc Actual Temperature 123.4 degF Volume 2.6 bbl Actual Rate 358.3 bbl/day START RESET EXIT

3. Monitor the density until it stabilizes at a density value that indicates live oil is flowing through the sensor. 4. Press START. The NOC averages oil density and temperature values for the amount of time programmed for the oil density average (see page 18 or page 21). If you wish to stop the procedure while the oil density and temperature are being averaged, press STOP . 5. While oil density and temperature are being averaged, take a sample for use in entering the water cut. See Figure 10-5. (To enter the water cut, see pages 104-105.)

In-Line Density Determination

Figure 10-5. Taking an oil sample

Sensitivity Analysis

Oil pad

Outlet valve

Software Diagrams

Sensor Oil sample for use in measuring water cut (see pages 104-105)

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In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

6. After the NOC has averaged the oil density and temperature for the programmed amount of time, the screen depicted at left appears. To save the averaged oil density and temperature, press SAVE. See below to enter the water cut. To continue using the oil density that is currently being used, press EXIT. To average the oil density again, press EXIT, then press START. The NOC will not begin using the most recently averaged oil density until a water cut value has been entered as instructed below.

Oil Density Av Oil Density 0.8765 g/cc Average Temperature 123.4 degF Volume 2.9 bbl Actual Rate 368.3 bbl/day SAVE HELP EXIT

Entering the water cut

Density Determination Water Density Oil Density Enter Water Cut

After the average oil density has been saved, the display returns to the density determination screen. To enter the water cut: 1. After taking an oil sample as instructed at step 5, page 103, use a standard procedure (centrifuge, distillation, Karl-Fischer, etc.) to measure the water cut in volume percent. 2. Select Enter Water Cut.

SEL

HELP

EXIT

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Well Test Mode

In-Line Determination of Live Oil and Produced Water Densities continued

3. Select Water Cut, then press CHG. 4. Enter the water cut that was measured at step 1, then press SAVE. 5. Select Calculate at Ref, then press CHG. The NOC calculates the oil density at the reference temperature.

Enter Water Cut Water Cut 3.2% Apply to Sample Taken 10:33 29 OCT 1998 Calculate at Ref

Maintenance

SAVE

HELP

EXIT

Laboratory Density Determination

Oil Density @ Ref Oil Density @ Ref 0.8968 g/cc Oil Density At 10:33 29 OCT 1998 Current Dens @ Ref 0.8966 g/cc Current Dens Saved 11:09 3 MAR 1998 SAVE HELP EXIT

6. After the oil density at reference temperature has been calculated, compare the calculated density to the density that is currently being used. To save the calculated density, press SAVE. If you want the NOC to continue using the previously calculated density (Current Dens @ Ref), press EXIT.

In-Line Density Determination

--Warning-Saving this value will result in the use of this density in all future calculations of net oil & water cut for this well, separator, or pipeline. CONTINUE? YES NO

7. At the Warning screen: Select Yes to use the most recently determined density for calculating net oil and water cut Select No to use the previously determined density for calculating net oil and water cut

Sensitivity Analysis Software Diagrams

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Well Test Mode

11

Sensitivity Analysis

Maintenance

11.1 Error factors

The accuracy of water cut and net oil measurements obtained by the NOC is sensitive to the accuracy of the following parameters: Density of dry crude oil (input to NOC) Density of produced water (input to NOC) Density of oil/water mixture (measured by mass flowmeter) Mass flow rate (measured by mass flowmeter) Presence of free gas (system upset)

11.2 Individual sensitivity

Table 11-1 lists formulas for calculating the uncertainty of water cut and net oil volume caused by the uncertainty of each of the independent parameters listed above.

Laboratory Density Determination

Table 11-1. Uncertainty factors for percent water cut and percent net oil
Variable Dry crude oil density (Do)3 % water cut uncertainty1 % net oil uncertainty2

100 ( 1 Xw ) ----------------------------------------- ( Do ) ( Dw Do ) 100 Xw --------------------------- ( Dw ) ( Dw Do ) 100 --------------------------- ( De ) ( Dw Do )

No effect

100 --------------------------- ( Do ) ( Dw Do ) 100 Xw -------------------------------------------------------- ( Dw ) ( Dw Do ) ( 1 Xw ) 100 -------------------------------------------------------- ( De ) ( Dw Do ) ( 1 Xw ) 100 --------- ( Me ) Me 100 Do -------------------------------------------------------- ( Xg ) ( Dw Do ) ( 1 Xw ) Sensitivity Analysis

Water density (Dw)3

In-Line Density Determination

Mixture density (De)3

Mass flow rate (Me)4

Free gas content5

100 Do --------------------------- ( Xg ) ( Dw Do )

1 2 3

4 5

The water cut uncertainty is defined as: (Indicated water cut True water cut) X 100% The net oil volume uncertainty is defined as: (Indicated oil volume True oil volume) (True oil volume) X 100% Do, Dw, and De refer to, respectively, density (in g/cc) of crude oil, produced water, and oil/water mixture. Do, Dw, and De refer to, respectively, uncertainty of density (in g/cc) of crude oil, produced water and oil/water mixture Me denotes mass flow rate of the mixture, Me denotes uncertainty of mass flow rate Xw denotes water cut, and Xg denotes free gas content, both in volume fraction

Software Diagrams

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107

Sensitivity Analysis continued 11.3 Overall uncertainty

Use the following formula to estimate the overall uncertainty:

Overall uncertainty = ( Do + Dw + De + Me + Xg )
2 2 2 2 2 0.5

Where: Do Dw De Me Xg
Example 1:

= = = = =

Dry oil density uncertainty Produced water density uncertainty Mixture density uncertainty Mass flow rate uncertainty Free gas content

No free gas in liquid stream. Given: Metering temperature, t Dry crude oil density, Do Produced water density, Dw Measured mixture Density, De Water cut, Xw Dry oil density uncertainty, Do Produced water density uncertainty, Dw Mixture density uncertainty, De Mass flow rate uncertainty, Me/Me Free gas content, Xg Effect of dry oil density variation:
100 ( 1 0.75 ) water cut = ---------------------------------------------- 0.0005 = 0.07 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 ) 100 net oil = ---------------------------------------------- 0.0005 = 0.29 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 )

= 60F = 0.8600 g/cc = 1.0350 g/cc = 0.9913 g/cc = 0.75 (75%) = 0.0005 g/cc = 0.0005 g/cc = 0.0005 g/cc = 0.0015 g/cc = 0.00 (0.00%)

Over-estimating dry oil density would cause water cut to read low, net oil volume to read high. Effect of produced water density variation:
100 0.75 water cut = ---------------------------------------------- 0.0005 = 0.21 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 ) 100 0.75 net oil = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.0005 = 0.86 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 ) ( 1 0.75 )

Over-estimating produced water density would cause water cut to read low, net oil volume to read high.

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Well Test Mode

Sensitivity Analysis continued

Example 1 (continued):

Effect of accuracy of measured mixture density:

100 water cut = ---------------------------------------------- 0.0005 = 0.29 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 ) 100 net oil = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.0005 = 1.16 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 ) ( 1 0.75 )

Maintenance

Over-estimating mixture density would cause water cut to read high, net oil volume to read low. Effect of accuracy of measured mass flow rate:
water cut = 0 % (no effect) net oil = 0.15 %

Laboratory Density Determination

Overall effect from all variables:

water cut = [ ( 0.07 % ) + ( 0.21 ) + ( 0.29 ) ]
2 2 2 2 2 2 0.5

= 0.36 % = 1.48 %

net oil = [ ( 0.29 ) + ( 0.86 ) + ( 1.16 ) + ( 0.15 ) ]

2 0.5

Example 2:

Free gas in liquid stream. Given: Metering temperature, t Dry crude oil density, Do Produced water density, Dw Measured mixture Density, De Water Cut, Xw Free gas content, Xg
100 0.8600 water cut = ---------------------------------------------- 0.005 = 2.46 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 ) 100 0.8600 net oil = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.005 = 9.83 % ( 1.0350 0.8600 ) ( 1 0.75 )

= 60F = 0.8600 g/cc = 1.0350 g/cc = 0.9913 g/cc = 0.75 (75%) = 0.005 (0.5%)

In-Line Density Determination Sensitivity Analysis

Free gas in the liquid stream causes water cut to read low, net oil to read high.

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Well Test Mode

12

Software Diagrams

12.1 View menu in well test mode

Well performance meas Return to well test* Wells 25 to 36 Wells 37 to 48 Wells 13 to 24 Start well test Wells 1 to 12 Well #01, 13, 25, or 37 Well #02, 14, 26, or 38 Well #03, 15, 27, or 39 Well #04, 16, 28, or 40 Well #05, 17, 29, or 41 Well #06, 18, 30, or 42 Well #07, 19, 31, or 43 Well #08, 20, 32, or 44 Well #09, 21, 33, or 45 Well #10, 22, 34, or 46 Well #11, 23, 35, or 47 Well #12, 24, 36, or 48 View well tests Wells 1 to 12 Wells 13 to 24 Wells 25 to 36 Wells 37 to 48 Net oil Water cut Gross flow Net water Drive gain Density Temperature Back flow View current test* Process totalizers Active alarm log LCD options Diagnostic monitor Application list Power outage *Appears only while a well test is in progress Process Inventory Mass flow Uncorrected flow Uncorrected oil Uncrorrected water Uncorrected water cut Uncorrected gross Well #01, 13, 25, or 37 Well #02, 14, 26, or 38 Well #03, 15, 27, or 39 Well #04, 16, 28, or 40 Well #05, 17, 29, or 41 Well #06, 18, 30, or 42 Well #07, 19, 31, or 43 Well #08, 20, 32, or 44 Well #09, 21, 33, or 45 Well #10, 22, 34, or 46 Well #11, 23, 35, or 47 Well #12, 24, 36, or 48 Net oil Water cut Gross flow Net water Drive gain Density Temperature Back flow Mass flow Uncorrected flow Test times Press VIEW while well test is in progress Actual net oil rate Average net oil rate Actual water cut Average water cut Actual gross rate Average gross rate Actual density Average density

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination In-Line Density Determination Sensitivity Analysis

Software Diagrams

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Software Diagrams continued 12.2 View menu in continuous mode

Well performance meas View performance meas Net oil Water cut Gross flow Net water Drive gain Density Temperature Back flow Mass flow Uncorrected flow Quick view Average net oil rate Net oil total Average water cut Average gross rate Gross total Average/total since Elapsed time Transient bubble time Pause/resume Reset Process totalizers Active alarm log LCD options Diagnostic monitor Application list Power outage Process Inventory Uncorrected oil Uncorrected water Uncorrected water cut Uncorrected gross

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Well Test Mode

Software Diagrams continued 12.3 Configuration menu

Well performance meas Well test mode Units of measurement 15 degC 20 degC Well #06, 18, 30, or 42* Well #07, 19, 31, or 43* Well #08, 20, 32, or 44* Well #09, 21, 33, or 45* Well #10, 22, 34, or 46* Well #11, 23, 35, or 47* Well #12, 24, 36, or 48* Compensations Transient bubble comp Drive gain level Action taken Time period System Time Date Master reset Inputs Coriolis Tag Enable/disable Configure process var See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 4 Flow variables Flow damping Meter direction Mass units Mass low flow cutoff Volume units Volume low flow cutoff Density Density units Density damping Slug low limit Slug high limit Slug time Temperature Sensor cal data Flow factor Flowcal temp coef D1 D2 K1 K2 FD Dens temp coeff Temperature slope Temperature offset Sensor information Frequency input Measurements Outputs Digital comm See page 114 See page 114 See page 114 Sensor model no. Sensor serial no. See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 4 Sensor material Sensor end connection Sensor liner *If well test mode is selected as mode of operation Temperature units Temperature damping Well data-densities Wells 13 to 24* Wells 25 to 36* Wells 37 to 48* Wells 1 to 12* Well #05, 17, 29, or 41* Well #04, 16, 28, or 40* 60 degF Well #03, 15, 27, or 39* Well #02, 14, 26, or 38* Oil density Water density Purge time* Oil deviation Water deviation Oil density ave Water density ave Mode of operation Continuous mode Well #01, 13, 25, or 37* Well name*

Maintenance Laboratory Density Determination In-Line Density Determination Sensitivity Analysis

Software Diagrams

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113

Software Diagrams continued Configuration menu (continued)

Well performance meas System Inputs Measurements See page 113 See page 113 See page 113 Totalizers Totalizer 1 Totalizer 2 Totalizer 3 Reset source Inhibit source Label Flow source Flow direction Forward Reverse Absolute val. FWD/REV Subtractive FWD/REV None Discrete input 1 Discrete input 2 TBR event Outputs Discrete outputs Discrete output 1 Power source Internal External Assignment Discrete output 2 Discrete output 3 Milliamp outputs Milliamp output 1 Milliamp output 2 Net oil Net water Fault indication Variable assignment None Discrete input 1 Discrete input 2 TRB event Downscale Upscale Last measured value Frequency output Flow source Flow rate units Calibration span Frequency = flow Pulses/unit Units/pulse Internal zero 20 mA 4 mA Low flow cutoff4 Damping seconds

Scaling method Frequency1 Flow1 Pulses2 Units3 Maximum pulse width Power Fault indication

Active Passive Downscale Upscale Last measured value Internal zero

Digital comm

Configure printer Printer test

Printer select Header line 1 Header line 2 Footer Baud rate Parity Data bits Start bits Stop bits
1 2 3 4

Epson TM-U295 Digitec 6610A Generic

If frequency = flow is selected as the scaling method If pulses/unit is selected as the scaling method If units/pulse is selected as the scaling method If a flow variable is assigned under variable assignment

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Software Diagrams continued 12.4 Maintenance menu

Active alarm log Process inventory Well #03, 15, 27, or 39* Well #04, 16, 28, or 40* Well #05, 17, 29, or 41* Well #06, 18, 30, or 42* Well #07, 19, 31, or 43* Well #08, 20, 32, or 44* Well #09, 21, 33, or 45* Well #10, 22, 34, or 46* Well #11, 23, 35, or 47* Well #12, 24, 36, or 48* Sensor zero Density Low density See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 12 Density D1 Calibrate density High density Density D2 Calibrate density Flowing density mA output trim Temperature Diagnostics Read external inputs See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 17 Calibration Wells 13 to 24* Wells 25 to 36* Wells 37 to 48* Density determination Wells 1 to 12* See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 16 Well #02, 14, 26, or 38* Oil density Enter water cut Well #01, 13, 25, or 37* Water density

Maintenance

Laboratory Density Determination

See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 17 See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 17 Discrete input Frequency input See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 14 See the ALTUS Detailed Setup Manual, Chapter 14 Discrete outputs Milliamp outputs Frequency output *If well test mode is selected as mode of operation

Simulate outputs

In-Line Density Determination Sensitivity Analysis

Software Diagrams

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Appendix A

ALTUS NOC Software Configuration Record

Mode of operation
Continuous mode Well test mode

Step 1:
Configure well performance measurements 20 degrees Celsius

Units of measurement
60 degrees Fahrenheit 15 degrees Celsius

Well data densities

Well name1 ________________________________ Oil deviation ____________________________ g/cc Oil density _____________________________ g/cc Water density __________________________ g/cc
1

Water deviation _________________________ g/cc Oil density average ___________________ seconds

Purge time ________________________________ Water density average ________________ seconds

1

Only if well test mode is selected.

Compensations
Drive gain level _________________________ volts Action taken
2

Time period2 ________________________ seconds Stop well test Alarm only

Hold last value

Only if hold last value is selected.

System
Tag __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (8 characters maximum)

Step 2:
Configure Date _______________________ (Day Month Year) system data Time ____________________ (Hour:Minute:Second)

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ALTUS NOC Software Configuration Record continued

Flow variables
Flow damping _______________________ seconds Mass low flow cutoff _________________________ Flow direction Forward Backward Volume unit ________________________________ Volume low flow cutoff ________________________

Step 3:
Configure inputs

Mass unit _________________________________

Density inputs
Density unit ________________________________ Slug low limit _______________________________ Density damping _____________________ seconds Slug hiigh limit ______________________________ Slug time ___________________________ seconds

Temperature
Temperature unit ____________________________ Temperature damping _________________ seconds

Sensor calibration data

Flow factor _________________________________ FD _________________ Flowcal temp coef ___________________________ Dens temp coeff _____________________________ D1 ________________ K1 ________________ D2 ________________ K2 ________________ Temperature slope ___________________________ Temperature offset ___________________________

Sensor information
Sensor model no. ____________________________ Sensor serial no. ____________________________ Sensor material 304 SS 316L SS Hastelloy C Inconel None Tantalum Tefzel

Sensor end connection _______________________ Sensor liner

Measurements
Totalizer 1

Step 4:
Frequency input Forward Absolute val. FWD/REV Discrete input 1 Discrete input 1 Mass Forward Absolute val. FWD/REV Discrete input 1 Discrete input 1 Volume Forward Absolute val. FWD/REV Discrete input 1 Discrete input 1 Reverse Subtractive FWD/REV TBR event TBR event None None Discrete input 2 Discrete input 2 Reverse Subtractive FWD/REV TBR event TBR event None None Discrete input 2 Discrete input 2 Reverse Subtractive FWD/REV TBR event TBR event None None Discrete input 2 Discrete input 2 Configure totalizers

Flow source Flow direction

Reset source Inhibit source

Totalizer 2

Flow source Flow direction

Reset source Inhibit source

Totalizer 3

Flow source Flow direction

Reset source Inhibit source

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ALTUS NOC Software Configuration Record continued

Discrete outputs
Power
Discrete output 1 Internal External

Step 5:
Assignment
__________________________________________ Configure outputs

Milliamp outputs
Milliamp output 1

Fault Indication
Downscale Upscale Last Measured Value Internal Zero

Process variable
__________________________________________

Calibration span
4 mA _____________________________________ 20 mA ____________________________________ Low flow cutoff _____________________________ Damping ___________________________ seconds

Setting
_________________ mA Milliamp output 2

Fault Indication
Downscale Upscale Last Measured Value Internal Zero

Process variable
__________________________________________

Calibration span
4 mA _____________________________________ 20 mA ____________________________________ Low flow cutoff _____________________________ Damping ___________________________ seconds

Setting
_________________ mA

Frequency output
Flow source Flow unit Scaling Method
Frequency input Frequency = Flow Frequency __________________ Hz = Flow __________________________ units Pulses/Unit Pulses ____________________ / unit Units/Pulse Units ________________________ / pulse Mass flow rate Volume flow rate _______________________________

Pulse width Power Fault indication

_______________________________ Active Downscale Last measured value Passive Upscale Internal zero

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Appendix B

Return Policy

General guidelines

Micro Motion return procedures must be followed for you to meet the legal requirements of applicable U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations. They also help us provide a safe working environment for our employees. Failure to follow these requirements will result in your equipment being refused delivery. To return equipment, contact the Micro Motion Customer Service Department for information on the return procedures and required documentation forms: In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-522-6277 or 1-303-530-8422 between 6:00 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. (Mountain Standard Time), Monday through Friday, except holidays. In Europe, phone +31 (0) 318 549 549 or your local sales representative. In Asia, phone 65-777-8211 or your local sales representative. Information on return procedures and forms are also available online at www.micromotion.com.

New and unused equipment

Only equipment that has not been removed from the original shipping package will be considered new and unused. New and unused equipment includes sensors, transmitters, or peripheral devices which: Were shipped as requested by the customer but are not needed, or Were shipped incorrectly by Micro Motion.

Used equipment

All other equipment is considered used. This equipment must be completely decontaminated and cleaned before being returned. Document all foreign substances that have come in contact with the equipment.

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Domestic shipping and billing addresses

Within the U.S.A., return equipment to the following address: Attn: RMA# _____________ Chemical Waste Management Sensor Department 9131 East 96 Avenue Henderson CO 80640 Address all billing and correspondence to: Micro Motion Inc 7070 Winchester Circle Boulder, CO 80301 Attn: Repairs

International shipping and billing addresses

From outside the U.S.A., consult your local Micro Motion or Fisher-Rosemount office for return address. To return equipment to our facility in the United States, ship to the following address: Attn: RMA# _____________ Micro Motion Inc c/o Chemical Waste Management Sensor Department 9131 East 96 Avenue Henderson CO 80640 Address all billing and correspondence to: Micro Motion Inc 7070 Winchester Circle Boulder CO 80301 Attn: Repairs

Index

Page numbers in bold indicate illustrations.

A

About this manual 1 Active alarm log. See Maintenance, View menu Alarm messages. See Maintenance ALTUS NOC software configuration record 117119 Application software described in this manual 1 not described in this manual 1
C

Fault outputs. See Maintenance Function buttons. See Person-Process Interface

I

Configuration compensations 2123 density calibration values 3034 density inputs 26 discrete outputs 36 flow calibration values 29 flow variables 25 inputs 2535 milliamp outputs 3739 mode of operation 16 outputs 3641 pulse output 4041 recording 15 sensor calibration data 2835 sensor information 35 sequence 15 system data 24 temperature 27 temperature calibration values 35 units of measurement 1617 well data-densities continuous mode 1718 well test mode 1921 well performance measurements 1523 Configuration menu. See Software diagrams Continuous mode accessing 49 configuration for 49 pause and resume 5253 process monitor 49 quick view 52 reset 54 startup and display test 49 viewing production measurements 5051 Cursor control buttons. See Person-Process Interface Customer service 78
D

Decontamination and return goods policy 121 Density calibration. See Maintenance Determination of live oil and produced water densities in-line methods 93105 laboratory methods 8792

Illustrations correction of density readings 22 cursor control buttons 13 D1 and D2 on sensor serial number tag 30 diameter and length of cylindrical vessels 97 effect of transient bubbles on density 22 FD and dens temp coeff on sensor serial number tag 33 flow calibration values on sensor serial number tag 29 function buttons 11 holding at last measured density 22 K1 and K2 on sensor serial number tag 31 K1 and K2 values from comments section 32 K1 and K2 values from second page 32 laboratory density measurement system high pressure 92 low pressure 92 laboratory sampling procedure using empty cylinder 90 using water-filled cylinder 89 model 3500 sensor wiring terminals 76 model 3700 sensor wiring terminals 76 Person-Process Interface 9 pressing security button security disabled 10 security enabled 10 process monitor mode 49, 55 sample port for laboratory density measurement 88 sensor in horizontal pipe run, tubes downward 5 sensor in vertical pipe run 5 stratification with no flow 96 taking a water sample from the separator 101 taking an oil sample 103 typical installation sensor and NOC with 2-phase separator 4 sensor and NOC with 3-phase separator 4 using a hygrometer to measure water density 101 using buttons in the view menu 43 water cut calculation 2 In-line density determination 93105 entering water cut 104105 manually entering water density 99102 measuring and saving oil density 103104 measuring and saving water density 9499 procedures 93

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123

Index continued
Installation considerations avoiding inaccurate flow counts 67 flow direction 7 piping arrangement and ancillary equipment 3 sensor installation 5 sensor orientation 5 sensor, NOC, and separator 4 Introduction to the ALTUS NOC 12
L

Software diagrams configuration menu 113114 maintenance menu 115 view menu in continuous mode 112 in well test mode 111
T

Laboratory density measurement 8792 processing sample and measuring densities 9192 separator pressure higher than 80 psig 89 separator pressure less than 80 psig 90 taking sample from flow line 88 Maintenance active alarm log 78 alarm messages 6777 calibration and trim 71 conditional status 72 critical status fault 74 fault alarms requiring troubleshooting 7577 NOC 68 output saturation 70 responding to 67 slug flow 69 totalizer 70 transmitter failure fault 74 density calibration 8086 density unit for 8081 duplicating factory 81 duplicating previous 82 two-point 8386 fault outputs 73 setting discrete outputs 79 setting frequency output 80 setting milliamp outputs 79 Maintenance menu. See Software diagrams Measurement uncertainty. See Sensitivity analysis
N M

NOC capabilities 2
P

Person-Process Interface cursor control buttons 12 function buttons 11 security button 10 using 913
R

Reasons for using live oil density 87, 93 Replacing an older NOC and transmitter 1 Security button. See Person-Process Interface Sensitivity analysis 107109 error factors 107 individual sensitivity 107 overall uncertainty 108 Setting outputs 7880
S

Tables approximate capacity of cylindrical vessels 97 approximate capacity of spherical ends 97 calibration span variables 39 configurations for fault outputs 73 continuous production measurements 51 D1 and D2 values 30 densities and deviations for continuous mode 18 density inputs 26 density of air in grams per cubic centimeter 84 density of water 86 discrete output 1 power sources 36 discrete output assignment variables 36 fault conditions and settings for milliamp outputs 37 fault output levels 73 FD and dens temp coeff values 33 flow calibration values 29 flow variables 25 K1 and K2 tube period values 31 laboratory equipement for determining live oil and produced water densities 87 maximum flow rates for high-density calibration 85 nominal FD values for sensors 34 nominal resistance ranges for flowmeter circuits 77 performance measurements for current well test 62 performance measurements for previous well tests 65 process variables for milliamp outputs 38 pulse output variables 40 sensor information variables 35 system parameters 24 temperature calibration values 35 temperature inputs 27 transient buble remediation parameters 23 troubleshooting excessive drive gain 75 troubleshooting sensor error fault alarms 77 uncertainty factors for percent water cut and percent net oil 107 using calibration and trim alarms 71 using conditional status alarms 72 using critical status fault alarms 74 using NOC alarms 68 using output saturation alarms 70 using slug flow alarms 69 using totalizer alarms 70 using transmitter failure fault alarms 74 well data for well test mode 21 Totalizers inventory 46 process 4546 Troubleshooting 7577
V

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Index continued
View menu accessing 43 active alarm log 47 applications list 48 diagnostic monitor 48 in continuous mode 112 in well test mode 111 inventory totalizers 46 LCD options 47 power outage 48 process totalizers 4546 using buttons in 43 well performance measurements 4445
W

Water cut calculation 2 determination 1 entering 104105 Well performance measurements continuous mode 44 well test mode 4445 Well test mode accessing 55 conducting a well test 5657 configuration of 55 process monitor 55 startup and display test 55 stopping and continuing a well test 5859 viewing performance measurements 60 viewing performance measurements for the current test 6162 viewing previous well tests 6365

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Visit us on the Internet at www.micromotion.com Micro Motion Europe

Groeneveldselaan 6 3903 AZ Veenendaal The Netherlands Tel +31 (0) 318 549 549 Fax +31 (0) 318 549 559

Micro Motion Asia

1 Pandan Crescent Singapore 128461 Republic of Singapore Tel (65) 777-8211 Fax (65) 770-8003

Micro Motion Inc. USA Worldwide Headquarters

7070 Winchester Circle Boulder, Colorado 80301 Tel (303) 530-8400 (800) 522-6277 Fax (303) 530-8459
1998, 2000, Micro Motion, Inc. All rights reserved P/N 3300833, Rev. B

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