FINAL TOPIC IN

INDUSTRIAL
DRAWING
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Computer -Aided Drawing is a
FINAL technique where the attributes of the
computer and those of the designer
MODULE are combined into a problem-solving
in IND team. Using this software would mean
DRAW faster and easier production of quality
output. CAD is an essential skill to be
acquired by draftsman nowadays in
order to finish an assigned task.
Hardware - is all the physical equipment
that makes up the computer system.
Some
Technical Software - is the set of programs and other
related applications associated with a
Terms in computer system.

Operating Central Processing Unit (CPU) - is the brain

CAD Software of the computer where most of the
“computing” takes place.
and Hardware
CAD Software and Hardware - Computer
system can be broken down into two basic
elements, the hardware and the software.
COMPONENTS
OF CAD
SYSTEM
The Hard Ware

The hardware is the physical

equipment that makes up the
computer system. It is divided into
system hardware and peripherals.
The system hardware includes the
Central Processing Unit (CPU), the
keyboard, the monitor and primary
storage memory (RAM), and the
secondary storage memory.
Peripherals includes disk drives,
mouse, digitizers, printers/plotters,
etc.
The
Internal
Hardware
System Unit
The main part of a
microcomputer, is sometimes
called the chassis. It includes
the following parts:
motherboard, microprocessor,
memory chips, buses, ports,
expansion slots and cards.
The Central Processor
Unit (CPU)
is the brain of the computer
where most of the “computing”
takes place. It is also known as
processor. It performs all
instructions and calculations
that are needed to manage the
flow of information.
MEMORY

• The storage of memory in a computer

comes in two basic categories: long term and
short term.
• The long-term memory or read-only
memory (ROM) is permanent. It cannot be
erased or change. It is the fixed data that the
computer uses while it is operating. the short-
term memory or random-access memory
(RAM) operates only when the computer is
turned on. The first thing that goes into the
RAM is the operating system (OS), followed by
the software commands. Large software
programs will require a large amount of RAM.
THE HARD DISK DRIVE (HDD)

• it also known as the hard drive. It

is a magnetic storage device that is
installed inside the computer. The
hard drive is used as a permanent
storage for data. In a Windows
computer, the hard drive is usually
configured as the C: drive and
contains the operating system and
applications.
OPTICAL DRIVE

• is a storage device that uses

lasers to read data on the
optical media. There are three
types of optical drives:
Compact Disc (CD), Digital
Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-
ray Disc (BD).
EXTERNAL
The
INPUT DEVICE
&
OUTPUT DEVICE
KEYBOARD
the keyboard is like a
typewriter. a user inputs
data into the computer
with the keyboard using
specific keys for drawing
commands or text.
MONITOR
The monitor resembles a
television screen. For
the CAD work, a large
monitor with a high
resolution for a sharper
line image is
recommended.
POINTING
DEVICE
Pointing devices allows
the operator to move a
cursor about the screen
and select specific
areas. A pointing device
me be a mouse,
trackball, touch screen,
or a stylus pen..
POINTING
DEVICE
Mouse – is a small hand-held device used to
control the cursor/crosshair on the screen.
They can be used to select an item by pointing
to it and clicking a button.

Digitizer Tablet – is a graphics drawing tablet

used for sketching new images or tracing old
ones. It is also called a "graphics tablet," where
the user writes or draws on the surface of the
device with a wired or wireless pen or puck.
Often, mistakenly called a mouse, the puck is
officially the "tablet cursor."
OUTPUT
DEVICE
An output device is any piece of computer
hardware used to communicate the
computer’s stored data to the outside
world. The most common output device
are printers and speakers. Desktop ink-jet
printers a laser printers offer good quality
at low cost. The only problem is that they
are restricted to small sizes of output for
drawing and text. Large ink-jet plotters and
laser printers are available for large size
drawings. Large photocopiers are the
most popular output device for large
drawings.
OUTPUT DEVICE
Printer – It is an output device used to
print information processed by your
computer. Printers and plotters vary in
speed and output capabilities.

Plotter – an output device able to

produce better quality drawings as
compared to a printer. The speed of
plotter, however, is generally slower
than the printer.
THE SOFTWARE
The
OPERATING SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
&
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
The operating system software
provides various levels of
interaction (called interface)
between the computer and the
user, as well as between the
computer and the application
software.
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
The application software
also called programs,
has a specific use or
task to perform such as
AutoCAD for
Architectural drawings
and layouts, Lotus 1 -2-3
for business and
marketing, Adobe
Photoshop for image
processing, and so on.
▪ Computer-aided design and drafting, otherwise
known as CADD has been around since 1964.
However, it was not widely used until 1982, when
CAD system such as AutoCAD became available on
microcomputers. ACAD software uses either vector-
based graphics to depict the objects of traditional
drafting, or may also produce faster graphics
showing the realistic images of the designed objects.
INTRODUCTION ▪ Computer-aided design (CAD), also known as
TO CAD SYSTEM computer-aided drafting and design (CADD), is the
use of computer systems to assist in the creation,
modification, and analysis of a design. It describes
the process of creating technical drawings with the
use of computer software. CAD software is used to
increase the productivity, to improve the quality of
design, and to create a database for manufacturing.
▪ CAD may be used to design curves and figures in
two-dimensional (2D) space; or curves, surfaces,
and solids in three-dimensional (3D) space. CAD is
an important industrial art extensively used in many
applications, including automotive, shipbuilding,
and aerospace industries; industrial and
architectural design; prosthetics; and many more.
INTRODUCTION CAD is also widely used to produce computer
animation for special effects in movies, advertising,
TO CAD SYSTEM and technical manuals.
▪ Modern electronic drafting tools are often
specialized computer-aided design packages. Basic
drafting tools are included in all CAD programs, but
some offer advanced automation are specifically
designed for drafting and architectural design. The
tools that are right for you will depend on your
budget.
LIFE WITHOUT
CAD
THE
ADVANTAGE AND
DISADVANTAGE OF
CAD
THE
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE OF CAD

Occasionally, drafting can be a repetitious, inefficient,

and time-consuming task. Lettering drawings by hand
and making changes to them are two examples of this.
CAD can make a drafter much more efficient.
Depending on the drafting task, two to ten times
production improvement is not uncommon when using
a CAD system. The following are the advantages of
using CAD over manual drafting.
The ADVANTAGE of CAD
SPEED
In almost all areas of drafting, CAD is faster than manual drawing. This is
especially true as the operator becomes more proficient through continue
use of the system.

ACCURACY
Dimensions are the keyed-in using the computer keyboard or menu instead of
reading a scale. Mating parts can be checked for fit by having the computer
match the parts on the screen before hard copies are produced.
The ADVANTAGE of CAD
REVISIONS
One of the most time-consuming tasks that a drafter performs is making
changes to existing drawings. With a CAD system, revisions are much faster
than manual methods. After a drawing has been completed, it is stored and
can be stored away so that both versions of the drawing will now be in
memory for later use. Also, alternative designs are much easier to produce,
making the designer more creative and reducing the time between design
and production.

NEATNESS
After the drawing has been produced on screen, it can be drawn on paper
with plotter. The mechanical plotting of a drawing produces clean, accurate,
The ADVANTAGE of CAD
NEATNESS
After the drawing has been produced on screen, it can be drawn on paper
with plotter. The mechanical plotting of a drawing produces clean, accurate,
and neat drawings using proper line weight and consistency, and sharp,
consistent lettering.

LETTERING
Mechanical plotting can also produce a drawing that is easier to read and
understand. This is accomplished by using different pen thickness and
colors, along with different lettering styles.
The ADVANTAGE of CAD
COST
In the past, CAD systems were an expensive alternative to manual drafting,
and only major industrial corporations could afford them. Now, because of
reduced costs of memory, increased competition, and improved software
and computer technology CAD systems are affordable to most drafting-
design offices.

REPETITION
A drafter spends a great deal of time on tedious work, such as lettering, line
weight and consistency, and tracings. The use of CAD can make the drafter
more productive and improve the drafting occupation by reducing tedious
and repetitious work.
The ADVANTAGE of CAD
VARIETY OF FUNCTIONS
Most CAD Systems are capable of producing virtually anything that can be
produced on a drafting board. CAD can be used in practically every drafting
discipline, such as mechanical, architectural, electronic, and piping, as well as
others. A function is a group of commands that enables the CAD system to
perform a specific task. For example, a mechanical drafting CAD system has a
number of drawing functions such as lines, arcs, and dimensions that can be
used to produce a mechanical drawing.
The DISADVANTAGE of CAD
❑ Work can be lost because of the sudden breakdown of computers
❑ Work is prone to viruses
❑ Work could be easily “hacked”
❑ Time taking process to know how to operate or run the software
❑ High production or purchasing cost for new systems
❑ Time and cost of training the staff which will work on it
❑ Need of regular updating of software or operating systems
❑ Needs less employment because of CAD/CAM systems