Assignment

NAME – Md Shadab
ROLL NO. 2723760002
SUBJECT – Cloud Computing

SU BJECT CODE – MCA307

Assignment 03
Q1: StepbyStep installation process of virtual box/VMware.
ANS:
StepbyStep Installation Process for VirtualBox and VMware

stepbystep guide for installing VirtualBox and VMware Workstation

(the popular versions for Windows and Linux). Both of these tools are
used to create and manage virtual machines (VMs) on your physical
computer.

1. Installing VirtualBox

VirtualBox is a free, opensource virtualization software that allows you

to run multiple operating systems on your machine. It works on
Windows, macOS, and Linux.

StepbyStep Guide for VirtualBox Installation:

Step 1: Download VirtualBox

Go to the official VirtualBox website:
[https://www.virtualbox.org/](https://www.virtualbox.org/)
Click on "Download VirtualBox".
Choose your operating system (Windows, macOS, Linux).
Download the latest version of VirtualBox.

Step 2: Install VirtualBox on Windows

1. Run the Installer:

Once the download is complete, open the installer `.exe` file.
Click "Next" to begin the installation process.

2. Choose Installation Options:

The installer will present some options (for shortcuts, network
features, etc.).
If you are unsure, keep the default settings and click "Next".

3. Network Feature Warning:

You might see a warning that says the installer will install a network
feature (for VirtualBox HostOnly Ethernet Adapter).
Click "Yes" to continue (this is necessary for networking between
virtual machines and your host machine).

4. Start the Installation:

Click "Install" to begin the installation. This may take a few minutes.
5. Complete Installation:
Once installation is complete, click "Finish".
You can choose to launch VirtualBox immediately by leaving the box
checked and clicking "Finish".

Step 3: Install VirtualBox Extension Pack (Optional but recommended)

Go to the [VirtualBox Extension Pack
page](https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads).
Download the Extension Pack for the version of VirtualBox you
installed.
After downloading, doubleclick the `.vboxextpack` file and follow the
prompts to install.

Step 4: Launch VirtualBox

Open Oracle VM VirtualBox from the Start Menu (or desktop shortcut).
VirtualBox is now installed and ready for creating virtual machines.

2. Installing VMware Workstation

VMware Workstation is another powerful virtualization software,

which has both free (VMware Workstation Player) and paid versions
(VMware Workstation Pro). Below is the installation process for
VMware Workstation Player (free version).

StepbyStep Guide for VMware Workstation Installation:

Step 1: Download VMware Workstation Player

Go to the VMware website:

[https://www.vmware.com/products/workstationplayer.html](https://
www.vmware.com/products/workstationplayer.html)
Click on "Download Now" to download VMware Workstation Player.
Choose the version for your operating system (Windows or Linux).

Step 2: Install VMware Workstation Player on Windows

1. Run the Installer:

Once the download is complete, run the `.exe` installer.

2. Welcome Screen:
Click "Next" to begin the installation process.

3. Accept License Agreement:

Review the license agreement and select "I accept the terms in the
license agreement".
Click "Next".

4. Choose Installation Options:

Choose your installation options:
You can leave the default settings (such as creating desktop
shortcuts, file associations, etc.).
Click "Next".

5. Installation Location:
Select the directory where you want VMware Workstation Player to
be installed. The default directory is typically fine.
Click "Next".

6. Install VMware Player:

Click "Install" to start the installation process. This may take a few
minutes.

7. Complete Installation:
After installation is complete, click "Finish".
VMware Workstation Player should automatically launch, or you can
open it from the Start Menu.
Step 3: VMware Workstation Pro (Optional)

If you want to install VMware Workstation Pro (the paid version that
offers advanced features like snapshots, cloning, etc.), the installation
steps are quite similar. The only difference is that you will need a valid
license key to unlock the full version.

1. Download VMware Workstation Pro from the official VMware site.

2. Run the Installer and follow the same steps as for VMware Player.
3. Activate VMware Workstation Pro with your license key when
prompted.

Step 4: Launch VMware Workstation

Open VMware Workstation Player (or Pro) from the Start Menu or
desktop shortcut.

3. Setting Up Your First Virtual Machine (VM)

Once you have installed either VirtualBox or VMware Workstation, you

can create and run a virtual machine.
For VirtualBox:

1. Open VirtualBox.
2. Click the "New" button to create a new virtual machine.
3. Choose a name for the virtual machine and the type of operating
system (e.g., Linux, Windows).
4. Allocate memory (RAM) for the virtual machine.
5. Create a virtual hard disk and set its size.
6. Choose a bootable ISO file (e.g., a Linux or Windows installer ISO) for
the installation.
7. Start the VM and follow the OS installation steps.

For VMware Workstation:

1. Open VMware Workstation.

2. Click "Create a New Virtual Machine".
3. Choose the type of installation (e.g., typical or custom).
4. Select the OS you want to install (e.g., Windows, Linux).
5. Allocate memory (RAM) for the VM and set the disk size.
6. Select the ISO file for the OS installation.
7. Click Finish, and then start the VM to install the operating system.
4. Troubleshooting Tips

VirtualBox:
If the installation doesn’t complete successfully, ensure your
hardware virtualization (VTx/AMDV) is enabled in BIOS/UEFI.
Make sure HyperV is disabled in Windows (for compatibility with
VirtualBox).

VMware Workstation:
Ensure Virtualization Technology is enabled in BIOS/UEFI.
If you’re having issues with running multiple virtual machines, check if
HyperV is disabled, as it can conflict with VMware Workstation.

Conclusion

You now have VirtualBox or VMware Workstation installed on your

computer, ready to create and run virtual machines! These tools allow
you to simulate entire operating systems on your current hardware,
enabling testing, development, and experimentation without affecting
your host operating system.

Q2: Write the Installation process of Operating System in virtual

machine.
ANS:

Installation of an Operating System in a Virtual Machine (VM)

Once you've installed VirtualBox or VMware Workstation, the next step

is to set up an Operating System (OS) inside a virtual machine (VM).
Below is a stepbystep guide on how to install an OS (such as Windows,
Linux, or any other supported OS) in a VM using either VirtualBox or
VMware Workstation.

Prerequisites:
You should have VirtualBox or VMware Workstation installed on your
machine (refer to previous instructions if not).
A bootable ISO image of the operating system you want to install (e.g.,
Windows, Ubuntu, CentOS, etc.).

1. Installing an OS in VirtualBox
Step 1: Open VirtualBox
Launch Oracle VM VirtualBox.

Step 2: Create a New Virtual Machine (VM)

1. Click on "New" in the top left corner.
2. In the "Name and Operating System" window:
Choose a name for your VM (e.g., "Ubuntu VM" or "Windows 10").
Select the Type (e.g., "Linux" or "Windows").
Select the Version of the OS (e.g., "Ubuntu (64bit)" or "Windows 10
(64bit)"). Click Next.

Step 3: Allocate Memory (RAM)

1. Choose how much RAM (memory) you want to allocate to the VM.
Virtual machines need enough RAM to run smoothly, but don’t allocate
too much or it may affect your host OS. A good rule of thumb:
For a basic Linux distro: 1 GB or more.
For Windows 10: 4 GB or more.
2. Click Next.

Step 4: Create a Virtual Hard Disk

1. Choose the option "Create a virtual hard disk now" and click Create.
2. Select the disk file type (VDI is fine for most users) and click Next.
3. Select dynamically allocated (the disk will only use the space it
needs) or fixed size (which allocates all disk space upfront).
4. Set the size of the virtual hard disk. For instance, 20 GB is a
reasonable size for a Linux installation, while for Windows, you may
need more (e.g., 40–60 GB).
5. Click Create.

Step 5: Configure the Virtual Machine

1. With the VM selected, click Settings (the gear icon).
2. In the System tab:
Ensure that Floppy is unchecked in the boot order.
Ensure that Optical Drive (CD/DVD) is checked, so it boots from the
ISO.
3. Go to the Storage tab:

Under "Controller: IDE", click on Empty.

In the righthand pane, click the disk icon next to "Optical Drive" and
select Choose a disk file....
Locate and select the OS ISO file (e.g., Ubuntu ISO, Windows ISO).
4. Click OK to save the settings.

Step 6: Start the Virtual Machine

1. Click Start in VirtualBox.
2. The VM will boot, and the OS installer will launch from the ISO.
Step 7: Install the Operating System
1. Follow the onscreen instructions to install the OS. The process will
vary depending on the OS:
Linux (Ubuntu, CentOS, etc.): Choose the installation language, set up
partitions, create a user, and configure time zone, etc.
Windows: Select the partition, choose "Next," and enter the product
key if required.

2. The installation will take a while. After it's complete, the VM will
prompt you to restart the system.

Step 8: Final Setup

Once the OS is installed and rebooted, remove the ISO from the virtual
optical drive to prevent the installer from running again:
Go to the Storage settings and unmount the ISO from the CD/DVD
drive.

Step 9: VM Guest Additions (Optional, but recommended)

For better performance (mouse integration, shared folders, etc.),
install VirtualBox Guest Additions:
With the VM running, click on Devices in the top menu of the VM
window.
Click Insert Guest Additions CD image...
Follow the prompts to install.

Step 10: Reboot

After the installation is complete, restart the VM if necessary. The OS is
now running inside the virtual machine!

2. Installing an OS in VMware Workstation

Step 1: Open VMware Workstation

Launch VMware Workstation Player or VMware Workstation Pro.

Step 2: Create a New Virtual Machine

1. Click on Create a New Virtual Machine.
2. Choose the installation method:
Typical (recommended): Allows VMware to automatically detect the
OS from the ISO.
Custom: More advanced settings (optional).

Click Next.
Step 3: Choose the Installation Media 1. Select Installer disc
image file (ISO). 2. Browse and select the OS ISO file that you want
to install (e.g.,
Ubuntu, Windows 10, etc.).
3. Click Next.

Step 4: Select the Guest Operating System

1. Choose the operating system family (e.g., Linux or Microsoft
Windows).
2. Select the specific version (e.g., Ubuntu or Windows 10).
3. Click Next.

Step 5: Name and Location of the VM

1. Choose a name for your virtual machine (e.g., "Ubuntu VM" or
"Windows 10").
2. Choose a location for the VM files on your hard drive.
3. Click Next.

Step 6: Specify Disk Size and Type

1. Set the virtual disk size. A good size for Linux is 20 GB or more, and
for Windows, at least 40 GB.
2. Choose whether to store the virtual disk as a single file or split it into
multiple files. The single file option is typically faster but might be
harder to manage.
3. Click Next.

Step 7: Customize Hardware (Optional)

1. You can adjust hardware settings like memory, number of
processors, and network adapter.
2. Click Finish to create the VM.

Step 8: Start the Virtual Machine

1. With your VM selected, click Play or Power on this virtual machine.
2. The VM will boot from the ISO, and the installation process will
begin.

Step 9: Install the Operating System

The OS installation process will be very similar to what you would do
on a physical machine:
Linux: Select language, keyboard, time zone, create a user, and
configure partitions.
Windows: Choose the partition, enter the product key (if applicable),
and follow the onscreen prompts.
Step 10: Final Configuration
After the OS installation is complete, you may need to restart the
virtual machine.
Remove the ISO from the virtual optical drive to avoid booting from it
again:
Go to VM > Settings and remove the ISO from the CD/DVD drive.

Step 11: Install VMware Tools (Optional but recommended)

For improved performance and integration (e.g., shared folders, better
mouse control), install VMware Tools:
From the VM menu, select Install VMware Tools.
Follow the onscreen instructions to install the tools in your VM.

Step 12: Reboot the VM

Once the installation is complete, restart the virtual machine. The OS is
now successfully installed inside the VM.

Conclusion

You've now installed an operating system on a Virtual Machine using

either VirtualBox or VMware Workstation. Both platforms offer a
seamless way to run multiple operating systems concurrently on a
single physical machine. Virtual machines are great for testing,
development, running legacy applications, or experimenting with
different OS environments without affecting your primary system.

Q3: Introduction to AWS and its services and Write the process of
creating AWS account.
ANS:

Introduction to AWS (Amazon Web Services) and Its Services

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive and widely adopted

cloud platform offered by Amazon, providing a variety of cloud
computing services to businesses, developers, and individuals. AWS
allows you to access a range of ondemand computing resources,
storage, databases, machine learning tools, analytics, and networking
capabilities without the need to manage physical hardware. AWS
operates on a payasyougo model, meaning you only pay for the
resources you use.

Core AWS Services:

1. Compute Services:
Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud): Virtual servers in the cloud that
can be used to run applications, websites, and other workloads.
AWS Lambda: Serverless compute service that allows you to run code
without provisioning servers.
Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service): For running and managing
Docker containers in the cloud.
Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service): Managed Kubernetes
service for running containerized applications.

2. Storage Services:
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service): Object storage for storing large
amounts of data (e.g., backups, media files).
Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store): Persistent block storage for use
with Amazon EC2 instances.
Amazon Glacier: Lowcost storage for longterm archiving of data.
Amazon FSx: Fully managed file systems for Windows and
Lustrebased file systems.

3. Database Services:
Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service): Managed relational
databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and SQL Server.
Amazon DynamoDB: Fully managed NoSQL database service.
Amazon Aurora: MySQL and PostgreSQLcompatible relational
database with high performance and scalability.
Amazon Redshift: Managed data warehouse service for running
complex queries and analytics.
4. Networking Services:
Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud): Virtual network that allows you
to define and control your cloud network environment.
Amazon Route 53: Scalable DNS (Domain Name System) web service.
AWS Direct Connect: Dedicated network connection from your data
center to AWS.

5. Security and Identity:

AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management): Controls who can
access resources and services and defines permissions.
AWS Shield: Managed DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service)
protection.
AWS KMS (Key Management Service): Managed service for
encryption key management.

6. Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence:

Amazon SageMaker: Fully managed service for building, training, and
deploying machine learning models.
AWS Rekognition: Image and video analysis for object recognition,
facial analysis, etc.
AWS Lex: Service for building conversational interfaces (chatbots).
7. Developer Tools:
AWS CodeCommit: Managed source control repository.
AWS CodeBuild: Build and test your code in the cloud.
AWS CodeDeploy: Automate code deployment to EC2 instances,
Lambda functions, or onpremise servers.

8. Analytics Services:
Amazon Athena: Querying data stored in S3 using SQL.
Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce): Managed Hadoop framework to
process large amounts of data.
AWS Data Pipeline: Managed service for datadriven workflows.

9. Content Delivery and CDN:

Amazon CloudFront: Content delivery network (CDN) to distribute
content globally.
AWS Global Accelerator: Improves the availability and performance
of your applications.

10. Internet of Things (IoT):

AWS IoT Core: Managed service for connecting Internet of Things
(IoT) devices to the cloud.
AWS IoT Greengrass: Local compute, messaging, and data
management for IoT devices.
Creating an AWS Account

To start using AWS and its services, you need to create an AWS
account. Here is a stepbystep guide to setting up your AWS account.

Step 1: Visit the AWS Website

1. Open a web browser and go to the AWS homepage:
[https://aws.amazon.com](https://aws.amazon.com).

Step 2: Click on "Create an AWS Account"

1. On the topright corner of the page, click "Sign Up" or "Create an AWS
Account".

Step 3: Provide Your Email Address and Choose an Account Name

1. Enter your email address and choose a unique AWS account name.
2. Select whether you want to create a Personal or Professional
account. Most users should choose Personal unless you are setting up
an account for an organization or business.
3. Click Next to continue.
Step 4: Enter Your Contact Information
1. Fill in your full name, company name (if applicable), phone number,
and physical address.
2. Select your country/region and provide any other necessary
information.
3. Choose whether you want to receive marketing information from
AWS.
4. Click Create Account and Continue.

Step 5: Choose Your Payment Method

1. AWS requires a valid credit card or debit card for payment (even
though they offer a Free Tier for many services, you still need to
provide payment information).
2. Enter your credit card details (AWS will not charge you unless you
exceed the freetier limits).
3. Click Verify and Continue.

Step 6: Identity Verification

1. AWS will ask you to verify your identity by entering a phone number.
2. You will receive an automated call from AWS with a PIN code.
3. Enter the PIN code in the verification box to complete the process.

Step 7: Choose Your Support Plan

1. Select an appropriate support plan:
Basic Support: Free plan (includes access to the AWS community
forum, AWS Trusted Advisor, and billing support).
Developer, Business, or Enterprise Support: Paid plans with access to
AWS support engineers, training, and 24/7 support.
2. Click Continue.

Step 8: Complete the Setup

1. After completing all the steps, AWS will finalize your account
creation and will provide a welcome email with instructions on
accessing the AWS Management Console.
2. You will be redirected to the AWS Management Console dashboard
where you can start using AWS services.

Step 9: Set Up TwoFactor Authentication (Optional, but

Recommended)
1. Once your AWS account is created, it's recommended to enable
TwoFactor Authentication (2FA) for added security.
2. To enable 2FA, go to IAM (Identity and Access Management) in the
AWS Management Console and configure MFA (MultiFactor
Authentication).
Conclusion

Now that your AWS account is created, you have access to a wide range
of cloud computing services. AWS allows you to scale applications,
manage resources efficiently, and use powerful tools for machine
learning, analytics, and security.