1.

Punjab-Haryana
Haryana Water Dispute
The water-sharing
sharing conflict between Punjab and Haryana has escalated sharply, following a recent
decision by the Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB). The BBMB ordered the release of 8,500
cusecs of water daily from the Bhakra dam to Haryana, igniting fierce backlash from Punjab. This
dispute marks the complexities of water resource management in India, particularly in the context of
agricultural needs.
Key Rivers and Agreement
The issue goes back to the 1966 reorganisation of Punjab, when Haryana was carved out as a separate
state. Haryana carved a new state on behalf of language.
As per the 1981 agreement between Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan, facilitated by the Bhakra Beas
Management Board (BBMB):
2. Rafale-Marine Fighter Jet
India has recently finalised defence deal with Franc
France, worth ₹63,000 crore, to procure 26 Rafale-
Rafale
Marine fighter jets for its Navy. The deal includes 22 single
single-seater
seater jets for carrier operations and four
twin-seater
seater trainer jets. Deliveries are expected to begin in 2028 and conclude by 2030.
About Rafale-Marine
The Rafale-Marine
Marine is an advanced twin
twin-engine
engine fighter designed by Dassault Aviation. It is renowned
for its versatility, capable of performing various missions such as air defence, reconnaissance, and
precision strikes. Although not a fifth
fifth-generation stealth
tealth aircraft, its features reduce radar visibility,
classifying it as a 4.5-generation
generation fighter.
3. World Health Day 2025
World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7th April, the day when the World Health Organization
(WHO) was established in 1948.
948. The day serves as a platform to raise awareness about global health
issues and to mobilize action among governments, health institutions, civil society, and individuals.
Each year, a specific theme is chosen that reflects priority areas in public heal
health. These themes aim to
direct attention toward urgent health challenges and encourage international cooperation and policy
policy-
level intervention.
World Health Day 2025 Theme
This year’s theme, “Healthy Beginnings, Hopeful Futures,” is centered around improvi
improving maternal and
newborn health. It marks the beginning of a comprehensive, year
year-long
long WHO campaign that will:
Encourage governments and healthcare systems to intensify efforts against preventable maternal and
newborn deaths.
4. World Earth Day 2025 is on April 22nd and marks the 55th anniversary of the event, with the
theme "Our Power, Our Planet". The theme highlights the need for collective action to protect the
planet and focuses on renewable energy and transitioning away from fossil fuels.
Key Details:
Date: April 22, 2025
Theme: "Our Power, Our Planet"
Significance: Earth Day 2025 will be a celebration of the planet and a reminder of the importance of
environmental protection.
Focus: The theme emphasizes individual and collective action, including the need for a transition to
renewable energy and away from fossil fuels.
History: The first Earth Day was observed on April 22, 1970, and has grown into a global movement
involving over 190 countries.
Call to Action: Earth Day 2025 encourages people to take action, big or small, to protect the planet and
its resources.
5. Civil Services Day 2025
National Civil Services Day in India 2025: Every year on April 21, the Government of India
commemorates National Civil Services Day to acknowledge and celebrate the exceptional efforts of our
civil servants engaged in public service, the backbone of the nation’s administration, as they devote
themselves to the cause of citizens.
This national observance was first marked on April 21, 2006. The day’s history can be traced back to
the time when the first Home Minister of Independent India, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, addressed the
probationers of Administrative Services Officers at Metcalf House in Delhi, referring to the civil
servants as the “steel frame of India” on April 21, 1947.
While inaugurating the newly created Indian Administrative Service, Patel said, “The days when the
foreigners could be masters are over, and the officers must be guided by the real spirit of service in
their day-to-day administration, for in no other manner can they be fit in the scheme of things.”
6. NIA Investigates Pahalgam Terror Attack
The Pahalgam terror attack, which occurred on 22 April 2025, has drawn attention due to its tragic
outcome. The attack resulted in the deaths of 26 tourists in Jammu and Kashmir. The National
Investigation Agency (NIA) has taken over the investigation from local police, marking a critical step in
addressing terrorism in the region. The NIA’s involvement puts stress on the seriousness of the
situation, especially following claims of responsibility by the Resistance Front, a proxy of the Pakistan-
based Lashkar-e-Taiba.
Background of the NIA
The NIA was established in 2008 after the 26/11 Mumbai attacks.
It was created to handle terrorism-related cases that often involve complex inter-State and
international implications.