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5.DEFORMATION TEST ON SPRINGS

The document outlines a procedure for conducting a compression test on a helical spring to determine its shear modulus of rigidity and stiffness. It includes the necessary apparatus, theoretical background, detailed procedure for measuring dimensions and deflection under load, and calculations for determining the modulus of rigidity and stiffness. Observations and tabulation sections are provided for recording data during the experiment.

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20 views

5.DEFORMATION TEST ON SPRINGS

The document outlines a procedure for conducting a compression test on a helical spring to determine its shear modulus of rigidity and stiffness. It includes the necessary apparatus, theoretical background, detailed procedure for measuring dimensions and deflection under load, and calculations for determining the modulus of rigidity and stiffness. Observations and tabulation sections are provided for recording data during the experiment.

Uploaded by

sivashanmugam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EX.

NO: 5

DEFORMATION TEST ON SPRINGS

Aim:
To conduct a compression test on the given helical spring for determine the Shear
modulus of rigidity and Stiffness of the spring

Apparatus:
1. Venire Caliper,
2. Closed Coil helical spring with the following dimension
H = Free height of the spring
D = Diameter of spring wire
R = Mean radius of the spring
N = No. of turns of the coil

Theory:

For the open coiled spring, the slope of the helix of the coil is quite appreciable and
hence both the bending as well as Torsion stresses are induced in the spring. If ‘δ’ is the
deformation of the spring for a particular load, W, the external work done is given as 1 /2 W.
δ. The external work done is equal to the strain energy stored.

External Work done = ½ W.δ

Strain energy stored = Tθ/2 + M θ/2

Where
T = WR Cosα
M = WR Sinα
θ = TL / GJ φ = ML / EI
α = angle of helix of the spring
L = total length of the wire of which the spring is made 2πRn Secα
G = Modulus of rigidity

External work done = Strain energy stored


½Wδ = ½ Tθ + ½ φ
Substituting for T, M, θ, & φ
δ = 64 WR3N Secα / d4 {Cos2 α /G + 2 Sin2 α /E}
Procedure:
• Measure the outer diameter and inner diameter of the spring using a Vernier Caliper.
• Measure of the diameter of the spring wire also, and find the number of turns of the
spring.
• Keep the spring in the testing machine such that it touches the top and bottom plates.
• Adjust the pointer on the dial to read zero loads.
• Note the reading on the deflection gauge.
• Apply compressive load on the spring and note the deflection readings for different
loads.
• Note the deflection readings while unloading also and get the average deflection for
each load.
• Plot a graph between load and deflection.
• The stiffness of the spring is obtained as the slope of the graph.

Observations:
R = Outer diameter + Inner diameter / 2x2 = ---------------------mm
N = ------------------ (No of Turns)
D = ------------mm
E =-----------------N/mm2

Tabulation:

Si.No Dimensions M.S.R V.S.C V.S.R. C.R.


mm div = V.S.C. x L.C. =M.S.R. +V.S.R.
mm mm

1 Outer diameter of spring

2
Inner diameter of spring
3
Diameter of the wire
Load vs. deflection data:

No. Load Load Deflection while Deflection while


Kg N loading (mm) unloading (mm) Average
Observed Actual Observed Actual Mm
cm cm cm cm
1

4
5

Calculation:

α = tan-1 (P/2πR)
Where
P = Pitch = H-d /N
δ = 64 / d4 WR3 N.Secα (Cos2α / G + 2Sin2α / E)
I = 64 / d4 W/δ R3 . N.Secα (Cos2α / G + 2Sin2α / E)
From above equation solve for G, assuming E = 2.1 x 105 N/mm2.
Result:

Modulus of Rigidity of the spring (G) = --------------------N/mm2

Stiffness of the spring W/δ (K) = --------------------N/mm2

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