AGRICULTURE FORM 3

PAPER 2 MARKING SCHEME

END TERM 1 2025

SECTION A: (30MARKS)
Answer all questions from this section on the spaces provided.
1(a) Give two qualities of milk of the Friesian breed of cattle. (1
mark)
• Has low butter fat content of about 3.5%.
• Highest milk producing breed.

b) Name three components of a truss. (1½

marks)
• Tie or beam
• Two rafters
• Struts
• Raffer batter

2. Give two reasons why Jersey breed of cattle is well suited to semi-arid conditions. (1
mark)
• It has little pasture requirements.
• An excellent grazer in poor posture.

3(a) natural mating (½

AI.

(½

4. Give two uses of a wood float. mark) (1

 For phastering to create a level surface of floors and walls.

5. Give three conditions may lead to culling of a breeding boar? (1½

marks)
• Poor health
• Old age
• Poor production
• Have physical deformities
• To avoid inbreeding
• Have heredity defects

6. Identify two practices carried out during sap displacement in timber preservation.
(1 mark)
• Fleshy cut posts are packed in containers filled with wood preservative. The preservative is drawn
up through the wood grains as the sap dries out.

7(a) State three characteristics of the Galla goat (1½ marks)

• Ability to adapt to hot conditions.
• White coloured body.
• Very good quality meat.

b) Name the two breeds of camels. (1 mark)

• Dromedary
• Bacterian

8(a) List three sources of water to livestock. (1½ marks)

• Rivers, streams, dams
• Springs, well, boreholes
• Rain water

b) Maize germ, a livestock feed has a starch equivalent of 30%. Explain (1mark)
• 100kg of the feed will produce a net energy equivalent to the energy produce by 30kg of pure
statch.

9(a) State four ways in which fleas cause economic losses to the farmer.
(2mark)
• Cause irritation which leads to scratching.
• Stick fast fleas cause wounds on the point of attach.
• Lower quality
• Lower price
• Leads to mortality rates.

b) Loss of hybrid vigour

may lead to decline in fertility
reduction in performance
high rates of renatal mortallity

10. Tabulate two features that differentiate between dairy and beef cattle. (2 marks)

Dairy Beef
Wedge or triangular shaped Blocky in shape
Selective grazing Reduced selective grazing
Large udder Small udder

11. Define the following terms as used in livestock production. (1½ marks)
a) Digestibility
• The portion of food retained in an animal’s body after taking care of losses through urine, faces
and gases, expressed as a percentage.
b) Prolificacy
• Ability to give birth to many young once.
c) Malpresentation
• Abnormal calving where the forelegs don’t come out first.

12. Give three methods of selecting livestock for breeding

(1½marks)
• Mass selection
• Progeny testing
• Contemporary comparison

13. Why should bees be fed on sugar syrup?

(1mark)
• When flowers are not available to maintain the colony.

14. Elastrator and rubber ring

Burdizzo and knife
Knife
Hot iron
15. Distinguish between tupping and serving.
(1mark)
• Tupping – mating in sheep and goats.
• Serving – mating in cattle and pigs.

16. W. to separate honey from brood

17. To improve efficiency
To last long

18. State four disadvantages of using live fence on the farm

(2marks)

• They take many years to grow.

• Can be hiding places for rodents and thieves.
• Require regular trimming.

19(a) Give two pre disposing factors of mastitis.

(1mark)
• Age
• Udder attachment
• Stage go lactation period.
• Incomplete milking

b) Using letter X identify three areas infested with a three- host tick in the picture below.
(1½marks)

X
X

X SECTION B:

(20MARKS)
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION ON SPACES
PROVIDED

20. Study the structure of a goat pen below and then answer the questions that follow.

K- FOOD TRUPH/FOR
PRIVISON OF FOODS

a) Specify the measurements between H and N.

(½mark)
• (N-H) – (60-90CM High)

Give a reason for your answer in a) above.

(½mark)
• Raised for proper drainage and easy cleaning.

b) State the function of part K.

(1mark)
 Used to place feed in
c) Which type of floor is recommended for the pen shown in the picture above (½mark)
• Slated floor

Give a reason for your answer in (c) above

(½mark)
• to facilitate passage of droppings and urine
d) List two reasons for housing the calves singly.
(1mark)
 To prevent licking each other as this may form fur balls in the stomach
21(a) Identify the equipment X and Y below.
(1mark)

X -Burdizzo Y -Elastrator
b) State the functions of each of the equipment.
(2marks)
i. X used for castrating bulls rams and billies
ii. Y used to expand the rubber ring while docking castrating and dehorning

c) i) Name the tool used to castrate a piglet.

(½mark)
- Scalpel ii) Give two reasons for castrating a male piglet.

(1mark)
- To control inbreeding
- Fattens faster
- Controls breeding diseases
22(a) Identify the parasites below.
(1mark)
U W

b) Name two species of parasite U.

(1mark)
i. Fasciola gigantica
ii. Fasciola hepatica
c) Why is it difficult to control parasite U?
(1mark)
- It has an intermediate host
d) State the livestock commonly affected by parasite W?
(½mark)
- Sheep
e) A farmer wanted to mix 270kg of livestock feed containing 30% DCP by using Sorghum meal with
12%DCP and Soya bean meal containing 36% DCP. Calculate the quantities of each feedstuff
he would have in the ration.
(2marks)

23(a) Using x draw the behaviour of the chicks expected in the following conditions in a brooder.(2marks)

b) What is the role of the part labelled V? (½ mark)

• to prevent the chicks from going to close to the heat source
c) i) Identify the goat breed below.
(1mark)
• Saanen

ii) On the diagram name parts 1-3. (1½ marks)

d) List two features that are used to identify the goat breed
(1mark)
• White in colour
• Upright ears and forward facing

SECTION C: (40MARKS)

Answer ANY TWO questions from this section on foolscaps provided.

24(a) a) Maintenance of a wheelbarrow

 Lubricate the wheel; axle to reduce friction

 Clean it after the days work
 Use it to carry the right amount of load
 Tighten any loose nuts and bolls
 Repair/replace broken parts e.g handle
 Paint it to avoid rusting (1x5=5 mks)

Plunge dip Spray race

Animal totally immersed Some parts may not be covered by accaricides
Not appropriate for young,sick orpregnant animals Appropriate for all animals
Risks of swallowing acaricides No risks of swallowing accaricides
Does not require a lot of skills to run it Requires a lot of skills to run it
Cheaper to maintain Expensive to mainatin
Not easy tomaintain accaricides strength due to Easy to maintain strength of accaricides
everporation

c) Requires of a good Calf pen

 Should be well ventilated/well aerated

 Drought free
 Well drainaged floor
 Easy to clean /concrete floor
 Adequate floor space
 Well lit
 Provide for single housing
 Leak proof
 Dry and warm (1x5=5 mks)

26(a) Mention five precautions taken when using work shop toois 5mks
 Tools should be put in a safer place
 Use the correct tool for the correct job
 Tools should be maintained in correct working condition
 The tools should be handled correctly
 Use safety devices like fire extinguishers
b) Give five general characteristics of dairy cattle breeds 5 mks
 Have straight top line
 Well set hind quarters
 Large well developed udder
 prominent milk vein
 Lean bodies with little flesh
 Have large stomach capacity
 Are docile with mild temperament
c) State and explain the predisposing factors of livestock diseases 10mks
 Age-some diseases are found in certain age groups
 Sex-e.g. orchitis for males and virginities for female animals
 Colour-animal with unpigmented skin with photo dynamic diseases
 Hygiene of surrounding – unhygienic are source of infection.
 Breed/species-some diseases are specific e.g. new castle with poultry and swine fever with pigs
 Production level-e.g. milk fever with high producing animals
 Change in weather/climate/environmental conditions may lead to diseases like pneumonia.
 Injury e.g. on teat can lead to mastitis.