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Laboratory Sheet Uniform Circular Motion

The document outlines a laboratory experiment focused on investigating the relationship between centripetal force, mass, radius, and speed in uniform circular motion. It includes objectives, materials needed, detailed procedures for setup and data collection, and guide questions for analysis. The experiment aims to balance centripetal force with gravitational force while ensuring safety during the process.

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Lianna Velasco
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23 views

Laboratory Sheet Uniform Circular Motion

The document outlines a laboratory experiment focused on investigating the relationship between centripetal force, mass, radius, and speed in uniform circular motion. It includes objectives, materials needed, detailed procedures for setup and data collection, and guide questions for analysis. The experiment aims to balance centripetal force with gravitational force while ensuring safety during the process.

Uploaded by

Lianna Velasco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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“IKOT – IKOT LANG”

LABORATORY EXPERIMENT #1
(Uniform Circular Motion)

GROUP MEMBERS GROUP NUMBER:


L:
M1 - SCORE:
M2 -
M3 -
M4 -
M5 -
M6 -

GOOGLES MUST BE WORN AT ALL TIMES DURING THIS EXPERIMENT

EXPERIMENT: Centripetal Force and Circular Motion

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between centripetal force, mass,


radius, and speed in circular motion by balancing the centripetal force with a
gravitational force.

MATERIALS:

• Weights (washers or slotted weights)


• Rubber stopper (one-hole)
• String (strong and non-stretchable)
• Small PVC pipe (approximately 10-15 cm long)
• Tape (masking or measuring tape)
• Scissors
• Balance (for measuring mass)
• Stopwatch or timer
• Ruler or measuring tape

Prepared By: Piolo R. Paclibar


Figure 1: Sample Diagram

PROCEDURE:

1. Equipment Set-Up

i. Cut the length of string, approximately 1.5 meters long.


ii. Pass one end of the string through the hole in the rubber stopper
and tie a secure knot.
iii. Pass the other end of the string through the PVC pipe.
iv. Attach the weights (washers) to the free end of the string below the
PVC pipe. Secure them so they don't slide off.
v. Place a piece of tape on the string just below the bottom of the
PVC pipe. This will serve as a reference point to ensure the radius
remains constant during the experiment.

2. Practice and Technique

i. Hold the PVC pipe vertically.


ii. Place your index finger (or another finger) on the string just below
the bottom of the PVC pipe.
iii. Begin rotating the rubber stopper in a horizontal circle by moving
your hand in a circular motion.

Prepared By: Piolo R. Paclibar


iv. The goal is to achieve a constant speed where the weights hang
steadily below the PVC pipe without moving up or down.
v. Practice this motion until you can consistently maintain a stable
horizontal circular motion.

Safety Note: Be cautious of the moving stopper and weights to avoid injury.

3. Measurement and Data Collection

i. Mass of the Stopper (m):


a. Remove the rubber stopper from the string.
b. Use the balance to measure the mass of the stopper in
kilograms (kg).
c. Record this value in your data table.

ii. Balancing Force (Fb):


a. Measure the mass of the weights (washers) hanging below
the PVC pipe in kilograms (kg).
b. Calculate the balancing force using the formula: Fb = mg,
where g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately
9.8 m/s²).
c. Record the result in the Data table.

iii. Radius (r):


a. While maintaining stable circular motion, measure the
distance from the top of the PVC pipe to the center of the
rubber stopper.
b. This is the radius of the circular path. Measure in meters (m).
c. Record the result in the Data table.

iv. Time (t) and Period (T):


a. Designate one person as the counter and another as the
timer.
b. The counter will count a predetermined number of
revolutions (e.g., 20 revolutions) aloud.
c. The timer will start the stopwatch when the counter begins
counting and stop it when the counter reaches the
designated number of revolutions.
d. Record the total time (t) in seconds (s).

Prepared By: Piolo R. Paclibar


e. Calculate the period (T), which is the time for one revolution,
using the formula: T = t / number of revolutions.
f. Record both the time and the period in the Data table.

v. Speed (v):
a. Calculate the speed of the stopper using the formula: v =
2πr / T, where π is approximately 3.14159.
b. Record the result in the Data table.

vi. Centripetal Force (Fc):


a. Calculate the centripetal force using the formula: Fc =
mv^2/r.
b. Record the result in the Data table.

vii. Repeat:
a. Repeat the measurements for at least three trials, varying
the speed of rotation (by varying the speed of your hand).
b. Record all results in the data table.

CENTRIPETAL FORCE RELATIONSHIP


Mass of
Balancing Centripetal
the Radius Time Period Speed
TRIALS Force Force
object (r) (s) (T) (v)
(𝐹𝑏 ) (𝐹𝑐 )
(m)

Prepared By: Piolo R. Paclibar


GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. What happens to the centripetal force as the mass of the object


increases?

2. What is the effect of increasing the radius on centripetal force?

3. What happens to the centripetal force as the speed of the object


increases?

4. Did the balancing force equal the centripetal force? Do you consider
them equal or not equal? Why or why not?

5. Analyze the errors that could be made in all the measured quantities.
What was probably the greatest source of error and why?

Prepared By: Piolo R. Paclibar


CONCLUSION:

What factors affect the centripetal force experienced by an object in UCM and
how are these related to it?

__________________________________________________________________
SOLUTIONS

Prepared By: Piolo R. Paclibar

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