Geometry Tutor

Worksheet 20
Geometric Proofs

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Geometry Tutor - Worksheet 20 – Geometric Proofs

1. Fill in the reasons for the proof below.

Given: 5𝑥 + 1 = 21

Prove: 𝑥 = 4

Statements Reasons
1) 5𝑥 + 1 = 21 1)
2) 5𝑥 = 20 2)
3) 𝑥 = 4 3)

2. Fill in the reasons for the proof below.

1
Given: 𝑥 − 5 = 10
2

Prove: 𝑥 = 30

Statements Reasons
1
1) 𝑥 − 5 = 10 1)
2
1 2)
2) 2 ( 𝑥 − 5) = 20
2
3) 𝑥 − 10 = 20 3)
4) 𝑥 = 30 4)

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3. Fill in the reasons for the proof below.

Given: 5(𝑥 + 3) = −4
19
Prove: 𝑥 = −
5

Statements Reasons
1) 5(𝑥 + 3) = −4 1)
2) 5𝑥 + 15 = −4 2)
3) 5𝑥 = −19 3)
19
4) 𝑥 = − 4)
5

4. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given:

Prove: 𝑥 = 50

Statements Reasons
1) ∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 and ∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 are supplementary 1)
2) 𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 + 𝑚∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 = 180 2) Definition of Supplementary ∠s
3) 3) Substitution Property
4) 3𝑥 + 30 = 180 4) Distributive Property
5) 3𝑥 = 150 5)
6) 6) Division Property
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5. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 bisects ∠𝑅𝐴𝑁

Prove: 𝑥 = 75

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) ∠𝑅𝐴𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐴𝑁 2) Definition of ∠ Bisector
3) 3) Definition of congruent ∠s
4) 4) Substitution Property
5) −𝑥 = −75 5)
6) 6)

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6. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠3

Prove: ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐸𝐵

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠2 2)
3) 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠2 3)
4) 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 4) Angle Addition Postulate
𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵
5) 5)
6) ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 6)

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7. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷

̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷
Prove: 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐶𝐷 2) Definition of Congruent Segments
3) 3) Reflexive Property
4) 4) Addition Property
5) ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 + ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 𝐴𝐶 5) Segment Addition Postulate
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 + ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 𝐵𝐷
6) 6)

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8. Fill in the statements and reasons for the proof below. (Hint: This proof is
similar to question 4.)

Given: ∠𝐶𝐷𝐸 and ∠𝐸𝐷𝐹 are supplementary.

Prove: 𝑥 = 40

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 2)
3) 3)
4) 4)
5) 5)
6) 6)

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9. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: 𝑋𝑌 = 42

Prove: 𝑥 = 5

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 𝑋𝑍 + 𝑍𝑌 = 𝑋𝑌 2) Segment Addition Postulate
3) 3)
4) 4)
5) 5)
6) 6)
7) 7)

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10. Fill in the missing statements for the proof below. (Hint: This proof involves
vertical angles.)

Given: ∠1 ≅ ∠4

Prove: ∠2 ≅ ∠3

Statements Reasons
1) 1) Given
2) 2) Vertical ∠s are ≅
3) 3) Transitive Property of Congruence
4) 4) Vertical ∠s are ≅
5) 5) Transitive Property of Congruence

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11. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: ∠1 ≅ ∠3

Prove: ∠6 ≅ ∠4

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) ∠3 ≅ ∠6 2)
3) 3) Transitive Property of Congruence
4) ∠1 ≅ ∠4 4)
5) ∠6 ≅ ∠4 5)

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12. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below. (Hint: This
proof is similar to question 9.)

Given: 𝑄𝑆 = 42

Prove: 𝑥 = 13

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 2)
3) 3)
4) 4)
5) 5)
6) 6)

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Answers - Geometry Tutor - Worksheet 20 – Geometric Proofs

1. Fill in the reasons for the proof below.

Given: 5𝑥 + 1 = 21

Prove: 𝑥 = 4

Statements Reasons
1) 5𝑥 + 1 = 21 1)
2) 5𝑥 = 20 2)
3) 𝑥 = 4 3)

In the first line, Statement #1 is the given information, so Reason #1 is Given. In

the second line, the given equation was changed by subtracting 1 from both sides
of the equation, so Reason #2 is Subtraction Property. In the third line, the both
sides of the last equation were divided by 5, so Reason #3 is Division Property.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) 5𝑥 + 1 = 21 1) Given
2) 5𝑥 = 20 2) Subtraction Property
3) 𝑥 = 4 3) Division Property

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2. Fill in the reasons for the proof below.
1
Given: 𝑥 − 5 = 10
2

Prove: 𝑥 = 30

Statements Reasons
1
1) 𝑥 − 5 = 10 1)
2
1 2)
2) 2 ( 𝑥 − 5) = 20
2
3) 𝑥 − 10 = 20 3)
4) 𝑥 = 30 4)

Statement #1 is the given information, so Reason #1 is Given. In the second line,

the given equation was changed by multiplying by 2 on both sides of the
equation, so Reason #2 is Multiplication Property. In the third line, the left side of
the last equation is changed by distributing the 2, so Reason #3 is Distributive
Property. In the fourth line, the last equation was changed by adding 10 to both
sides, so Reason #4 is Addition Property.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1
1) 𝑥 − 5 = 10 1) Given
2
1 2) Multiplication Property
2) 2 ( 𝑥 − 5) = 20
2
3) 𝑥 − 10 = 20 3) Distributive Property
4) 𝑥 = 30 4) Addition Property

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3. Fill in the reasons for the proof below.

Given: 5(𝑥 + 3) = −4
19
Prove: 𝑥 = −
5

Statements Reasons
1) 5(𝑥 + 3) = −4 1)
2) 5𝑥 + 15 = −4 2)
3) 5𝑥 = −19 3)
19
4) 𝑥 = − 4)
5

Statement #1 is the given information, so Reason #1 is Given. In the second line,

the given equation was changed by distributing 5 on the left side of the equation,
so Reason #2 is Distributive Property. In the third line, the last equation is
changed by subtracting 15 from both sides, so Reason #3 is Subtraction Property.
In the fourth line, the last equation was changed by dividing both sides by 5, so
Reason #4 is Division Property.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) 5(𝑥 + 3) = −4 1) Given
2) 5𝑥 + 15 = −4 2) Distributive Property
3) 5𝑥 = −19 3) Subtraction Property
19
4) 𝑥 = − 4) Division Property
5

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4. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: ∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 and ∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 are supplementary.

Prove: 𝑥 = 50

Statements Reasons
1) ∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 and ∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 are supplementary 1)
2) 𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 + 𝑚∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 = 180 2) Definition of Supplementary ∠s
3) 3) Substitution Property
4) 3𝑥 + 30 = 180 4) Distributive Property
5) 3𝑥 = 150 5)
6) 6) Division Property

Statement #1 is the given information, so Reason #1 is Given. In the third line,

Reason #3 is Substitution Property so the first equation was changed by
substituting the algebraic expressions from the figure into the equation. In the
fifth line, the last equation is changed by subtracting 30 from both sides, so
Reason #5 is Subtraction Property. In the sixth line, Reason #6 is Division Property,
so the last equation was changed by dividing both sides by 3.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) ∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 and ∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 are supplementary 1) Given
2) 𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 + 𝑚∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 = 180 2) Definition of Supplementary ∠s
3) (2𝑥 + 30) + 𝑥 = 180 3) Substitution Property
4) 3𝑥 + 30 = 180 4) Distributive Property
5) 3𝑥 = 150 5) Subtraction Property
6) 𝑥 = 50 6) Division Property

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5. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 bisects ∠𝑅𝐴𝑁

Prove: 𝑥 = 75

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) ∠𝑅𝐴𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐴𝑁 2) Definition of ∠ Bisector
3) 3) Definition of congruent ∠s
4) 4) Substitution Property
5) −𝑥 = −75 5)
6) 6)

Statement #1 is the given information and Reason #1 is Given. In the third line,
since Reason #3 is Definition of Congruent ∠s, Statement #3 says that the
measures of the angles are equal. Reason #4 is Substitution Property, so the
algebraic equation that matches Statement #3 is Statement #4. In the fifth line,
the last equation is changed by subtracting 2𝑥 from both sides, so Reason #5 is
Subtraction Property. The sixth line is the last line, so Statement #6 is what we are
trying to prove and Reason #6 is Division Property.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ bisects ∠𝑅𝐴𝑁
1) 𝐴𝐵 1) Given
2) ∠𝑅𝐴𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐴𝑁 2) Definition of ∠ Bisector
3) 𝑚∠𝑅𝐴𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝑁 3) Definition of congruent ∠s
4) 𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 75 4) Substitution Property
5) −𝑥 = −75 5) Subtraction Property
6) 𝑥 = 75 6) Division Property

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6. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠3

Prove: ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐸𝐵

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠2 2)
3) 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠2 3)
4) 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 4) Angle Addition Postulate
𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵
5) 5)
6) ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 6)

Statement #1 is the given information and Reason #1 is Given. Statement #2 says

something is equal to itself, so Reason #2 is Reflexive Property. Since Statement
#3 adds a value to both sides, Reason #3 is Addition Property. Use Line 4 to build
Line 5. Statement #5 sets the two measures equal to each other, so 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 =
𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 and Reason #5 is Substitution Property. Statement #6 is what we are
trying to prove and Reason #6 is Definition of Congruent Angles, since we said
their measures are equal.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠3 1) Given
2) 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠2 2) Reflexive Property
3) 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠2 3) Addition Property
4) 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 4) Angle Addition Postulate
𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵
5) 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = 𝑚∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 5) Substitution Property
6) ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐸𝐵 6) Definition of Congruent ∠s
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7. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷

̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷
Prove: 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐶𝐷 2) Definition of Congruent Segments
3) 3) Reflexive Property
4) 4) Addition Property
5) ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 + ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 𝐴𝐶 5) Segment Addition Postulate
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 + ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 𝐵𝐷
6) 6)

In the first line, Statement #1 is the given information and Reason #1 is Given.
Since Reason #3 is Reflexive Property, Statement #3 states something is equal to
itself. Use Line #5 to build Statement #4. Statement #5 uses two segments added
together. Statement #6 is what we are trying to prove and Reason #6 is
Substitution Property, since we just said the segments are equal.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 1) Given
2) 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐶𝐷 2) Definition of Congruent Segments
3) 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐵𝐶 3) Reflexive Property
4) 𝐴𝐵 + 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐶𝐷 + 𝐵𝐶 4) Addition Property
5) ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 + ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 𝐴𝐶 5) Segment Addition Postulate
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 + ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 𝐵𝐷
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷
6) 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ 6) Substitution Property

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8. Fill in the statements and reasons for the proof below. (Hint: This proof is
similar to question 4.)

Given:

Prove: 𝑥 = 40

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 2)
3) 3)
4) 4)
5) 5)
6) 6)

Statement #1 is the given information, and Reason #1 is Given. In the second line,
Statement #2 is the equation using the definition of supplementary ∠s, so Reason
#2 is Definition of Supplementary ∠s. In the third line, Substitute algebraic
expressions from the figure into the equation, so Reason #3 is Substitution. In
Line #4 remove the parentheses using the Distributive Property. In the fifth line,
subtract 20 from both sides, so Reason #5 is Subtraction Property. In the sixth
line, the Statement is what we are proving and Reason #6 is Division Property,
because the last equation was changed by dividing both sides by 4.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) ∠𝐶𝐷𝐸 and ∠𝐸𝐷𝐹 are supplementary 1) Given
2) 𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝑀 + 𝑚∠𝑀𝑂𝐶 = 180 2) Definition of Supplementary ∠s
3) 𝑥 + (3𝑥 + 20) = 180 3) Substitution Property
4) 4𝑥 + 20 = 180 4) Distributive Property
5) 4𝑥 = 160 5) Subtraction Property
6) 𝑥 = 40 6) Division Property
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9. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: 𝑋𝑌 = 42

Prove: 𝑥 = 5

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 𝑋𝑍 + 𝑍𝑌 = 𝑋𝑌 2) Segment Addition Postulate
3) 3)
4) 4)
5) 5)
6) 6)
7) 7)

Statement #1 is the given information, and Reason #1 is Given. In the third line,
Statement #3 is the equation using the algebraic expressions in the figure, so
Reason #3 is Substitution Property. In Line #4 remove the parentheses using the
Distributive Property. In the fifth line, combine like terms on the left side, so
Reason #5 is Combine Like Terms. Line #6 results from subtracting 12 from both
sides of the equation. The seventh line, the Statement is what we are proving and
Reason #7 is Division Property, because the last equation was changed by dividing
both sides by 6.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) 𝑋𝑌 = 42 1) Given
2) 𝑋𝑍 + 𝑍𝑌 = 𝑋𝑌 2) Segment Addition Postulate
3) 3(𝑥 + 4) + 3𝑛 = 42 3) Substitution Property
4) 3𝑥 + 12 + 3𝑥 = 42 4) Distributive Property
5) 6𝑥 + 12 = 42 5) Combine Like Terms
6) 6𝑥 = 30 6) Subtraction Property
7) 𝑥 = 5 7) Division Property

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10. Fill in the missing statements for the proof below. (Hint: This proof involves
vertical angles.)

Given: ∠1 ≅ ∠4

Prove: ∠2 ≅ ∠3

Statements Reasons
1) 1) Given
2) 2) Vertical ∠s are ≅
3) 3) Transitive Property of Congruence
4) 4) Vertical ∠s are ≅
5) 5) Transitive Property of Congruence

Statement #1 is the given information, because Reason #1 is Given. In the second

line, Statement #2 says ∠4 ≅ ∠2 because Reason #2 says vertical angles are
congruent. This statement must use information already given in previous
statements. In the third line, Statement #3 is ∠1 ≅ ∠2, using information in the
previous statements and because Reason #3 is Transitive Property of Congruence.
In Line #4 Statement #4 is ∠1 ≅ ∠3 because Reason #4 says vertical angles are
congruent. This statement must also use information already given in previous
statements. In the fifth line, the Statement is what we are proving and Reason #5
is Transitive Property of Congruence.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) ∠1 ≅ ∠4 1) Given
2) ∠4 ≅ ∠2 2) Vertical ∠s are ≅
3) ∠1 ≅ ∠2 3) Transitive Property of Congruence
4) ∠1 ≅ ∠3 4) Vertical ∠s are ≅
5) ∠2 ≅ ∠3 5) Transitive Property of Congruence

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11. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below.

Given: ∠1 ≅ ∠3

Prove: ∠6 ≅ ∠4

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) ∠3 ≅ ∠6 2)
3) 3) Transitive Property of Congruence
4) ∠1 ≅ ∠4 4)
5) ∠6 ≅ ∠4 5)

Statement #1 is the given information, because Reason #1 is Given. In the second

line, Statement #2 says ∠3 ≅ ∠6 so Reason #2 says vertical angles are congruent.
This statement must use information already given in previous statements. In the
third line, Statement #3 is ∠1 ≅ ∠6, using information in the previous statements
and because Reason #3 is Transitive Property of Congruence. In Line #4 Statement
#4 is ∠1 ≅ ∠4 so Reason #4 says vertical angles are congruent. In the fifth line,
the Statement is what we are proving and Reason #5 is Transitive Property of
Congruence.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) ∠1 ≅ ∠3 1) Given
2) ∠3 ≅ ∠6 2) Vertical ∠s are ≅
3) ∠1 ≅ ∠6 3) Transitive Property of Congruence
4) ∠1 ≅ ∠4 4) Vertical ∠s are ≅
5) ∠6 ≅ ∠4 5) Transitive Property of Congruence

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12. Fill in the missing statements and reasons for the proof below. (Hint: This
proof is similar to question 9.)

Given: 𝑄𝑆 = 42

Prove: 𝑥 = 13

Statements Reasons
1) 1)
2) 2)
3) 3)
4) 4)
5) 5)
6) 6)

Statement #1 is the given information, and Reason #1 is Given. In Line #2, using
the figure, write a statement adding two segments to make a larger segment, so
Reason #2 is Segment Addition Postulate. In the third line, Statement #3 is the
equation you can write using the algebraic expressions in the figure, so Reason #3
is Substitution Property. In Line #4 remove the parentheses using the Distributive
Property. Line #5 results from subtracting 3 from both sides of the equation. The
sixth line, the Statement is what we are proving and Reason #6 is Division
Property, because the last equation was changed by dividing both sides by 3.

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1) 𝑄𝑆 = 42 1) Given
2) 𝑄𝑅 + 𝑅𝑆 = 𝑄𝑆 2) Segment Addition Postulate
3) (𝑥 + 3) + 2𝑥 = 42 3) Substitution Property
4) 3𝑥 + 3 = 42 4) Distributive Property
5) 3𝑥 = 39 5) Subtraction Property
6) 𝑥 = 13 6) Division Property

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